Effects of exogenous interferon in cytomegalovirus infections complicating bone marrow transplantation.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Adult↗
SEARCH · Search PubMed
Results for “Infections--complications”
Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.
Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.
Intravenous feeding in a gastroenterological unit: a prospective study of infective complications.
We have assessed the bacteriological safety of a system of intravenous feeding by culturing catheters on removal, swabs taken from the catheter's skin entry sites, and samples of infusion fluid. Among 38 treatment periods using 51 catheters over 1551 patient days, septicaemia due to Staphylococcus aureus was observed in one treatment period and bacteraemias due to Staphylococcus albus and Diphtheroid species in two others. The Staph. aureus and the diphtheroids probably gained access via the skin entry site along the outside of the catheter. The origin of the Staph. albus was uncertain. Parenteral nutrition over extended periods can be a safe procedure if aseptic precautions are taken. The importance of the catheter's skin entry site as a source of contaiminating organisms is emphasised.
Adult↗
[Lessons drawn from granulocyte transfusions in the treatment of infections complicating aplasia induced by anti-leukemic chemotherapy].
The authors report the results of leukocyte transfusions of white cells obtained by sedimentation from donors with chronic myeloid leukemia, and by a continuous output cell separator used in healthy donors. The percentage of therapeutic efficacy of these two techniques is respectively, 62 and 78%. Among the factors affecting transfusion efficacy, the dose of injected leukocytes, the immunological compatibility and the functional value of the injected cells, appear of major importance. A qualitative study of the polymorphs in chronic myeloid leukemia, assessed by reduction with tetrazolium nitro-blue (N.B.T.) after ingestion of latex particles, proved normal when studied in vivo in the recipient. The mode of action of transfused leukocytes is then discussed.
Adult↗
[Treatment of severe infections complicated with blood diseases. Clinical experience with minocycline for intravenous drip for infections caused by glucose non-fermenting Gram-negative rods (author's transl)].
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Acute Disease↗
[Intravenous administration of amikacin sulfate for the infections complicated with hematologic disorders (author's transl)].
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Adolescent↗
The infective complications of aggressive induction of clinical remission in adult acute non-lymphoblastic leukaemia.
The infectious complications after induction of remission in 31 previously untreated adult patients with acute myeloid leukaemia are described. Clinically, most of the febrile episodes were associated with infection, and in 11 of the patients who died infection was the direct cause. In 6 out of these 11 the causal organism was diagnosed ante mortem. In 6 of the 15 patients who regenerated to clinical remission and who had fever the causal organism was isolated. The policy of management of fever in this group of patients is outlined.
Acute Disease↗
Prophylactic antibiotic in elective gynaecological and obstetrical major surgery.
A prospective controlled study of 580 patients who underwent non-radical major gynaecological or obstetrical surgery examined the use of prophylactic antibiotics. The test group of patients (290) showed a significantly lower (P=0.01) incidence of the total complications and the non-infective complication rate as against those among controls (290). The duration of hospitalisation was significantly reduced for both vaginal and abdominal surgery in the test group of patients as against those in the controls. There was no evidence of increased incidence of bacterial resistance or superinfection. The authors recommend the use of prophylactic antibiotic on a short term basis (for a total duration of 4 days), commencing preoperatively to achieve a significant reduction in the infective postoperative morbidity and a shorter stay by the patients.
Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
Serologic diagnosis of access device-related staphylococcal bacteremia.
Staphylococcal bacteremia occurs frequently in patients undergoing long-term hemodialysis (dialysis patients). Although such bacteremia is frequently uncomplicated, it may be associated with endocarditis, metastatic infection or suppuration at the access site requiring excision of the access device for control of the infection (complicated bacteremia). To distinguish patients with uncomplicated bacteremia from those with complications, we measured staphylococcal teichoic acid antibodies by agar-gel diffusion and immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies by radioimmunoassay in 18 patients with staphylococcal bacteremia undergoing long-term hemodialysis. Although teichoic acid antibodies were not detected in five patients with uncomplicated bacteremia, they were observed in only three of 13 patients with complicated bacteremia. IgG staphylococcal antibodies were present in 10 of 13 patients with complicated bacteremia compared to none of five patients with uncomplicated bacteremia compared to none of five patients with uncomplicated bacteremia (p less than 0.05). Thus, radioimmunoassay was spuerior to agar-gel diffusion in identifying dialysis patients with complicated bacteremia. In patients with increased concentrations of IgG staphylococcal antibodies by radioimmunoassay, the diagnosis of endocarditis, metastatic infection and suppuration at the access site should be considered. Prolonged antibiotic therapy and/or operative removal of the access device may be necessary.
Antibodies, Bacterial↗
Complications associated with aphakic contact lenses.
Complications associated with rigid contact lenses are more frequent in aphakia. The limited dexterity of older patients not only may prove an insurmountable barrier to the mastery of daily contact lens insertion and removal, but also may produce significant direct eye trauma, its seriousness determined by the integrity of the cataract wound. Since prolonged wear of aphakic contact lenses is the rule rather than the exception, the risk of irreversible corneal changes such as vascularization and erosions is greater. A poorly fitted aphakic contact lens that does not permit adequate oxygenation of all corneal areas makes such complications even more likely to occur. Decreased corneal sensitivity associated with cataract surgery permits continued wear of a poorly fitted lens, which does not allow the cornea to recover between wearing periods. Detection of keratoconjunctivitis sicca, more prevalent in the older age group, may prevent the associated complications of corneal erosion, iritis, and infection. Complications of aphakic contact lenses can be controlled by patient instruction, appropriate contact lens adjustments, and regularly scheduled follow-up examinations.
Aged↗
Cephazolin sodium in the management of complicated urinary tract infection.
Forty-three patients were treated with cephazolin sodium, a parenteral cephalosporin antibiotic for 45 episodes of urinary tract infection complicated by a variety of underlying conditions. In 42 episodes, there was a satisfactory clinical response, and in 37 episodes this was associated with elimination of the bacterial pathogen from the urine. In 21 out of 31 patients available for examination 3 months later, the urine was still free of bacteria. A relatively prolonged plasma half-life and high urinary concentrations of the drug permit successful treatment of urinary tract infections with injections given only twice daily.
Aged↗
The clinical manifestations of systemic lupus erythematosus: a Cairo-Glasgow co-operative study.
The clinical features of 78 patients with SLE seen in Cairo and Glasgow are reviewed. Raynaud's phenomenon was recorded more frequently here than in previous series. The value of serial measurements of anti-DNA antibodies, C3 and C4 in the management of SLE is discussed. Although antibodies to native DNA paralleled the disease course in only a minority of SLE patients anti-DNA antibodies were present during all major SLE exacerbations and could be diagnostically useful. Serious systemic infections complicating the management of SLE patients could occur and their diagnosis is discussed.
Adrenal Cortex Hormones↗
Diagnostic fiberoptic bronchoscopy: Techniques and results of biopsy in 600 patients.
Six hundred patients underwent diagnostic flexible fiberoptic bronchoscopy (FFB). The two diseases most frequently encountered were bronchogenic carcinoma in 330 patients (55 percent) and bacterial infection in 94 (16 percent). A positive cytology on biopsy material was obtained in 279 of 330 patients (85 percent) with primary lung cancer. Fluoroscopy was a valuable aid in diagnosing bronchogenic carcinoma, since 42 percent of the tumors were not visible endoscopically and required fluoroscopic control for placement of the biopsy instrument. Of the 55 patients with hemoptysis and negative chest x-ray films, nine (15 percent) had fiberoptically visible endobronchial carcinomas! In addition, two patients with carcinoma of the larynx and one with carcinoma of the nasopharynx were discovered. Transbronchial biopsy (TBB) in 68 patinets with diffuse and localized disease achieved an overall 69 percent diagnostic success, including a correct diagnosis in each of four patients with Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. Brush biopsy provided additional valuable laboratory data in bacterial, mycobacterial and cytomegalovirsu infectious but had a poor yield in Pneumocystis infection. Complications as a result of forceps biopsy were minimal, except for brisk bleeding in six patients.
Adenocarcinoma, Bronchiolo-Alveolar↗
[Valve replacement and aorto-coronary bypass].
Combined surgery on the valves and on the coronary arteries by bypass grafts has been carried out on 27 consecutive patients (1970 to 1976) and involved 18 aortic valve replacements, 8 mitral valve replacements, and one double mitro-aortic replacement; the mean duration of extra-corporeal circulation (145 mn) was significantly higher than that for valve replacements alone carried out during the same period (p less than 0.01). The five deaths occurring in hospital (18.5%) all occurred in the aortic valve group, and were amongst the first 15 cases operated on (1970 to 1974). The 4 post-mortem studies carried out showed similar findings, namely myocardial infarction and significant coronary lesions which had not been bypassed. Two secondary deaths due to infective complications occurred in the first six months. The 17 patients who were followed up after surgery and had a mean follow-up period of 24 months, were all substantially improved by comparison with their pre-operative state, despite certain complications affecting either the valves (1 requiring re-operation) or the coronary arteries (3 infarcts). The indications for coronary arteriography, which are related to the indications for surgery, are being enlarged so that they will include the majority of patients operated on excluding those of more than 65 to 70 years of age and also those aged less than 40 years who have no risk factors for atherosclerosis and no clinical or electrocardiographic signs suggesting a coronary lesion. A study of the operative risk factors has shown the importance of unsuspected coronary lesions, and would appear to indicate correction of all valvular and coronary lesions seen at the time of operation.
Adult↗
[Prevention of infections in patients subjected to immunosuppressive drugs. Experience of a nephrologist].
Infective complications favoured by non-specific immuno-depression are common after renal transplantation. Often severe, they represent the main cause of mortality. Their prophylaxis is necessary at all stages of treatment. Before transplantation, the eradication of curable infective foci is essential, and certain patients must be excluded from the programme. The operation is simplified to a maximum. The conditioning is such that one does no longer expose to the risk of aplasia. These facts render useless the isolation of the patient on a sterile unit. In cases of poor tolerance of the transplant, with repeated rejection, the reduction and eventually the stopping of immunosuppression is necessary. This attitude implies often early return to treatment by repeated hemodialysis, but it preserves to a maximum the chances of a new transplantation.
Humans↗
[Infectious problems posed by patients with a renal graft and submitted to an immunosuppressive treatment].
Infective complications are analysed in 100 transplanted patients all receiving corticosteroid and azathioprine. 170 infective episodes were noted, only 13 patients never had infection during the period of observation. Two complications were dominated by their gravity : pneumopathies (n equals 29) fatal in 20.6% of cases, and septicemia (n equals 21) fatal in 28.5% of cases. Alone they represented 75% of the overall mortality in this series. More than 50% of failures due to death or detransplantation, were directly due to infection. The results show that this type of complication represents the main limiting factor to renal grafts in patients submitted to immunosuppressor treatment which depresses non-specifically, the whole immune response.
Graft Rejection↗
[Bacteriological, virological, and mycological check-up in patients on regular dialysis treatment and after renal transplantation (author's transl)].
Regular bacteriological control examinations of the dialysate may contribue to the elimination of pyrogenic and even septic reactions. Regular checks of HBS-Ag and HBS-Ab are an effective measure in the early diagnosis of hepatitis B, which is characteristically anicteric and follows a prolonged course in patients on regular dialysis treatment (RDT). Virological examinations can be helpful in the diagnosis of cytomegalovirus (CMV) disease in certain cases of unexplained fever. Regular bacteriological examination of the urine is important in the detection of a urinary tract infection possibly necessitating binephrectomy prior to transplantation. After renal transplantation bacteriological control examinations of the urine, determinations of HBS-Ag and HBS-Ab, complement-binding reactions to CMV and mycotic cultures from the throat, sputum and urine should be regularly performed. Urinary tract infections may be found in up to 88% of the transplanted patients. Hepatits-B infection was noted in 62.8% of this case material. Positive Candida albicans cultures from samples of the uurine usually indicate systemic Candida albicans infection. The described diagnostic measures contribute to an effective prophylaxis and therapy of infective complications in patients on RDT and after renal transplantation.
Bacteriuria↗
[Use of plastic isolators in the prevention of infection in high risk patients with hematologic diseases].
The authors report a microbiological study of the flora of high risk adults with blood diseases isolated in hermetically sealed plastic isolater. This type of isolation is very effective in the prevention of infections due to hospital germs as such contamination occurred only twice in 292 days isolation and was found in only 0.8% on samples. The efficacy of methods of body decontamination and the incidence of infective complications in our series is also reported.
Adolescent↗
[Side effects of antibiotics in patients with thermal burns].
The possibilities of antibacterial therapy in the clinics of burn diseases has at present decreased because of increasing microflora resistance to antibiotics. This phenomenon is one of the most often causes of antibacterial drug side effects in burn patients. For control of infections complications in burn patients which are most often lethal it is necessary to use biologically active subtance, such as prodigiozan and lysozime in addition to the directed antibiotic therapy. The use of specific antitoxic antistaphylococcal drugs, such as antistaphylococcal plasma and antistaphylococcal gamma-globulin in combination with the antibiotics of the direct action provided effective control of infectious complications and sepsis of staphylococcal genesis in burn patients. Decamine proved to be effective along with the usual use of nystatin in cases with dysbacteriosis as a result of the antibiotic side effects. In the patients treated with decamine the sings of candidosis disappeared by the 5th--7th day. Therefore, for decreasing the side effects of antibiotics in the clinics of burn patients it is expedient to use antibiotics in combination with the biologically active and immune preparations which increases the efficacy of antibiotic therapy, impfoves the treatment results and decreases the antibiotic side effects.
Anti-Bacterial Agents↗