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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1976

Early onset group B streptococcal disease: clinical, roentgenographic, and pathologic features.

Thirty-one neonates with early onset of serious group B streptococcal infections were observed in a four-year period. The mortality was 52%. Premature infants with clinical signs of respiratory distress syndrome were at highest risk of death; clinical signs of RDS were typical until apnea, shock, respiratory failure, and worsening of the radiographic pattern unexpectedly intervened. Pathologic material from infants with radiographic evidence either of RDS or of pneumonia showed both typical hyaline membrane disease and pneumonia in most instances. Factors which may be helpful in recognizing premature infants at risk for GBS disease in the much larger group of premature infants with uncomplicated RDS include: history of artificial, premature, or prolonged rupture of membranes; localized pulmonary infiltrates on chest roentgenogram; low absolute neutrophil count; and an unusually rapid progression of RDS.

Humans↗
PubMed1976

The effect of maternal partial exchange transfusion on the infants of patients with sickle cell anemia.

The reproductive outcome of pregnancies complicated by severe sickle cell hemoglobinopathies is not usually satisfactory. In this study, prophylactic partial exchange transfusions have been used in 35 patients with sickle hemoglobinopathies. There was significant improvement in results, both maternal and neonatal, as compared to those in 29 pregnancies complicated by similar disease processes who did not receive this therapy. The former group was also compared to 61 normal pregnant patients and 31 patients with sickle cell trait, none of whom received blood as part of their therapy. The results were similar in the group receiving transfusions and in the group with sickle cell trait. There was a decrease in perinatal wastage, prematurity, and incidence of low-birth-weight infants in the transfusion group when compared to the patients with hemoglobinopathies who were treated conservatively.

Anemia, Sickle Cell↗
PubMed1978

[Alterations of pulmonary patterns in roentgenographic follow up studies in respiratory distress of newborns and prematures (author's transl)].

The most common causes of respiratory distress in the newborn and the frequently rapidly changing pulmonary pattern in the follow up studies are presented. Various degrees of the hyaline membrane disease and bronchopulmonary dysplasia are demonstrated as well as the different changes of the pulmonary pattern in controlled and assisted ventilation, recurrent atelectasis, dystelectasis, emphysema, pneumothorax and pneumomediastinum. Chest film follow up series are demonstrated. The differential diagnosis includes pulmonary aspiration syndrome, the neonatal pneumonia and emergency cases in pediatric surgery (here an example of a congenital diaphragmatic hernia).

Bronchi↗
PubMed1979

Bronchopulmonary dysplasia--pathology.

The term bronchopulmonary dysplasia has much to commend it. It does not declare the etiology of this disease, which seems to be an advantage. Another advantage is that it presents the idea of disturbance of growth as well as scarring. The premature lung responds at birth somewhat differently from the mature lung, not just in respect to surfactant but from the point of view of the blood vessels' size and compliance. But treatment must also be considered. The administration of steroids to the mother in the antenatal period probably favors maturation in the fetus, rather than growth of size and cell multiplication, which will also influence the behavior of the lung postnatally. This is probably a critical feature to look for in clinical assessment and follow-up of these patients.

Humans↗
PubMed1978

[Artificial ventilation of preterm and term infants (author's transl)].

One of the first aims of the neonatal care unit of the Paediatric Department of the University of Innsbruck (Austria) consists in taking care of dangerously ill children of Tyrol including the neighbouring federal states and the alpine part of Italy (South Tyrol). From SUMMER 1974 to the end of October 1976 1342 preterm and term infants were treated. 142 of these children died (mortality rate 10.5%). In 94 patients, i. e. 6.9% mechanical ventilation was necessary. 39 of these children, i. e. 41.5% survived. Two indications of artifical ventilation were predominant: Hyaline membrane syndrome in 59 children (survival rate 49%) and apnoe in 22 children (survival rate 27%). Electroencephalography was performed in 39 children during the neonatal period. 34 of these children were severely ill (gestational age of 24 to 37 weeks), 5 children were born at term nevertheless moribund. 18 of the 23 dead children of this group showed severe alterations in electroencephalography. The cause of death of 10 of these children was cerebral bleeding as verified by autopsy. 8 of the 16 surviving children showed a regular psychomotoric development, 5 children of this group had a normal electroencephalogram.

Apnea↗
PubMed1978

Incidence of hyaline membrane disease in the Cape Coloured.

Hyaline membrane disease (HMD), which carries a significant mortality and morbidity, is usually a disorder of the preterm infant. Several workers have shown that there is a lower incidence in the Black and Coloured neonate than in the White neonate. These studies have not excluded the growth-retarded baby, in whom the functional maturation of vital organs may be accelerated. This article examines the incidence of HMD among appropriately grown Cape Coloured infants and compares this with the incidence in White infants.

Black or African American↗