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Results for “Immunologic Techniques”

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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1987

Induction of experimental endolymphatic hydrops by immunologic techniques.

Immunologic techniques have been used by many investigators to produce experimental endolymphatic hydrops models. These techniques, however, have achieved little success in producing models simulating the idiopathic endolymphatic hydrops of Meniere's disease, in which no inflammatory changes occur in the perilymphatic spaces. In this study, the antigen horseradish peroxidase (HRP) was injected into the endolymphatic sacs of ninety guinea pigs that had been systematically sensitized to this antigen. Endolymphatic hydrops was induced in sixty-seven of the subjects, sixty-four of which showed no inflammatory changes in the perilymphatic spaces. The endolymphatic sacs of the affected guinea pigs were packed with soft granulation tissue induced by immunologic mechanisms; it is felt that the hydrops was caused by disturbances in endolymph absorption resulting from these tissue formations. Our results suggest that the introduction of antigens into the endolymphatic sac may prove useful in producing endolymphatic hydrops with characteristics similar to those occurring in Meniere's disease.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

[Immunological techniques in unexplained thrombocytopenia. A case of specific diagnosis of post-transfusion purpura].

A case of post-transfusion purpura is presented. The diagnosis is based on two new techniques with immunological aspects: 1) Monoclonal Antibody Immobilization of Platelet Antigen assay (MAIPA-assay) and 2) Polymerase Chain Reaction assay (PCR-assay). MESH: Thrombocytopenia. Post-transfusion purpura. Monoclonal Antibody Immobilization of Platelet Antigen assay (MAIPA-assay). Polymerase Chain Reaction assay (PCR-assay).

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed2005

[Application of molecular immunologic technique in study of Chinese integrative medicine].

Molecular immunologic technique gets quick development in recent years, especially the fast development of the immuno-labelling technique, which found its indispensable status in the study of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). With the development of the study of TCM, medical immunology connecting TCM with the Western medicine has become one of the most indispensable conjunctive subjects. Scientists can study the theories and prevention or treatment mechanisms of TCM not only at holistic and cell levels, but also at molecular and gene levels. Appropriate application of the molecular immunologic techniques according to their characteristics will play an important role in the study of Chinese integrative medicine.

Biomedical Research↗
PubMed2004

Position of immunological techniques in screening in clinical toxicology.

There is a continuing increase in the use of immunological techniques in the field of clinical toxicology. This is primarily due to the rapidity by which analytical results are now required, and can be obtained, following the testing of individuals for drug use. There has recently been an increase in the repertoire of assays now available to testing laboratories (e.g., buprenorphine and heroin metabolite assays), with the techniques themselves becoming increasingly more specific for the drugs and/or metabolites being monitored (e.g., methadone metabolite assays). The near patient testing (NPT), or point-of-care testing (POCT), devices are now several generations forward from their inception, with some tests now approaching the sensitivity and specificity of automated laboratory-based methods. This review has been collated from the literature to illustrate some of the possible reasons for the move towards the increasing use of immunological techniques, and to highlight some of the advantages and disadvantages associated with such drug screening methods. In particular, it has been shown that it is important to determine, monitor and review the knowledge and training of the individual using the technique. In addition, quality control and quality assessment are paramount to ensure the validity of any drug testing being performed. It has also been shown that it is vital to maintain and develop the relationships between the staff performing the testing, the laboratory (if the testing is performed using NPT devices), and the clinicians utilising the results obtained from drug testing. Without these links, interpretive errors could arise which could adversely affect the diagnosis and management of patients.

Drug Evaluation, Preclinical↗
PubMed1994

Use of three immunological techniques for the detection of Toxoplasma spIgA antibodies in acute toxoplasmosis.

AIMS: To assess the performance and efficacy of three immunological techniques for the detection of Toxoplasma specific IgA antibodies in acute toxoplasmosis. METHODS: The following techniques were used to examine 128 serum samples (51 cases of acute toxoplasmosis, 50 cases of heterologous infections, and 27 healthy controls): direct enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), antibody capture ELISA, and antibody capture agglutination. RESULTS: Direct ELISA had a sensitivity of 98% and a specificity of 97%, antibody capture ELISA of 100% and 99%, respectively, and antibody capture agglutination had sensitivity and specificity of 100%. CONCLUSIONS: All three immunological techniques performed well with similar efficacy. Detection of Toxoplasma specific IgA antibodies is a useful diagnostic marker for acute toxoplasmosis.

Acute Disease↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Evaluation of 2 immunologic techniques (ELISA, DIF) for the diagnosis of Giardia lamblia in feces].

BACKGROUND: Two immunology techniques (ELISA and DIF) were evaluated for the detection of Giardia lamblia in faeces, using microscopic examination as reference method. METHODS: Stool specimens from 378 patients were studied, in our laboratory for detection of G. lamblia. All were examined visually by microscope after carrying out the concentration technique with Para-Pak Macro-Con (Meridian Diagnostics, Cincinnati, Ohio). The ELISA technique (Giardia Celisa Test Cellabs Diagnostics PTY LTD, Brookvale, Australia) was used on the 378 faeces specimens and 294 of them were processed also by DIF (Giardia-Cel IF Test, from the same commercial supplier). RESULTS: A total of 16 positive visual detections was obtained. Bot the ELISA and DIF techniques showed an excellent sensitivity (100% for both) and specificity (97.5% and 98.5%) respectively, as well as a negative predictive value of 100% for ELISA and DIF, whilst the positive predictive value is reduced to 79% in DIF and 64% in ELISA. CONCLUSIONS: From our point of view, both tests are of utility for the screening of carriers, for epidemiological analyses, for the study of outbreaks of diarrhoea due to contaminated waters, as well as non-invasive methods for diagnosis in suggestive clinics with negative microscopic examinations.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Detection by three cellular immunological techniques of the antigenic determinants of the Ly-Li system, expressed on human B lymphocytes.

A clear correlation was observed between the presence of an Ia-like antigenic B-cell system Ly-Li, detected serologically, and three cellular immunological techniques: [1] mixed lymphocyte reaction (MLR) inhibition by an anti-Li antiserum; [2] level of restimulation of anti-Ly-Li in-vitro-primed lymphocytes; and [3] detection of HLA-D alleles by homozygous typing cells. These results suggested that the allelic products detected serologically may be identical to those detected by the first two techniques, namely MLR inhibition and in-vitro-primed lymphocyte typing, and, possibly, HLA-D typing using homozygous typing cells, although the correlation was repeatedly found to be less clear for the last technique.

B-Lymphocytes↗
PubMed1980

Comparison of histological and immunological techniques for detection of Pneumocystis carinii in rat bronchial lavage fluid.

We compared histological and immunological techniques in the early diagnosis of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in bronchial lavage fluid of steroid-treated rats. The rats were sacrificed weekly and lavage fluids were: (i) examined with cresyl echt violet and Giemsa stains; (ii) examined for P. carinii antigens by indirect fluorescent-antibody, counterimmunoelectrophoresis, and double-diffusion techniques, using high-titer spectific antisera to P. carinii raised in rabbits. P. carinii was detected in lavage fluid by cresyl echt violet at 2 weeks of steroids and persisted even with steroid tapering; the intensity of the infection in lavage fluid closely paralleled that in the lungs. P. carinii was not detected in lavage by Giemsa stain until 4 weeks and disappeared from the fluids with steroid tapering. P. carinii was detected by indirect fluorescent antibody as early as 1 week of steroids, and the results correlated well with those of cresyl echt violet. P. carinii antigens were not detected in lavage fluids or serum by counterimmunoelectrophoresis or double-diffusion techniques. Although precipitin lines sometimes occurred, they were nonspecific. In this model, cresyl echt violet and indirect fluorescent antibody were the preferred techniques for the early diagnosis of P. carinii infection in bronchial lavage fluid.

Animals↗
PubMed1972

Studies on the response of patients with classic hemophilia to transfusion with concentrates of antihemophilic factor. A difference in the half-life of antihemophilic factor as measured by procoagulant and immunologic techniques.

Antihemophilic factor (AHF, factor VIII) levels were measured by a standard coagulation method and by an immunologic technique before and after infusion of AHF concentrates into patients with classic hemophilia. After infusion of AHF concentrates, the half-life of the AHF procoagulant (i.e., clot-promoting) activity varied from 12 to 14 hr, whereas that of the antigen ranged from 24 to 40 hr. The half-life of the antigen was similar in patients with and without circulating anticoagulants to AHF. The data are compatible with the suggestion that the antigen may be carried on a precursor molecule which the patient with hemophilia produces but cannot convert to the functional clot-promoting agent. Other explanations of the observations are, however, recognized.

Adult↗