[Post-Elliot iritis; torpid iritis after anti-glaucoma operations].
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Eye↗
SEARCH · Search PubMed
Results for “IRITIS”
Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.
Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.
[On 2 cases of kerato-iritis and iritis appearing during oral anti-poliomyelitis vaccination].
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Adolescent↗
A controlled trial of oral acyclovir for the prevention of stromal keratitis or iritis in patients with herpes simplex virus epithelial keratitis. The Epithelial Keratitis Trial. The Herpetic Eye Disease Study Group.
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy of oral acyclovir in preventing stromal keratitis or iritis in patients with epithelial keratitis caused by herpes simplex virus (HSV). METHODS: Patients with HSV epithelial keratitis of 1-week or less duration were treated with topical trifluridine and were randomly assigned to receive a 3-week course of oral acyclovir, 400 mg 5 times a day (hereafter referred to as the acyclovir group), or placebo (hereafter referred to as the placebo group). The development of HSV stromal keratitis or iritis was assessed during 12 months of follow-up. RESULTS: Stromal keratitis or iritis developed in 17 (11%) of the 153 patients in the acyclovir group and in 14 (10%) of the 134 patients in the placebo group. Compared with the placebo group, the adjusted rate ratio for the development of stromal keratitis or iritis in the acyclovir group was 1.16 (95% confidence interval, 0.56-2.43). The development of stromal keratitis or iritis was more frequent in patients with a history of HSV stromal keratitis or iritis than in those without such a history (23% vs 9%; P = .01). CONCLUSIONS: For patients with HSV epithelial keratitis treated with topical trifluridine, no apparent benefit of a 3-week course of oral acyclovir in preventing HSV stromal keratitis or iritis was seen during the subsequent year. The 1-year rate of development of stromal keratitis or iritis was lower than previously reported in the literature, except in patients with a history of HSV stromal keratitis or iritis.
Acyclovir↗
Low-dose methotrexate in the treatment of severe juvenile rheumatoid arthritis and sarcoid iritis.
OBJECTIVE: To assess the efficacy of low-dose oral methotrexate (MTX) therapy for children with severe iritis. METHODS: MTX in a weekly dose of 7.25 to 12.5 mg/m2 was administered orally to four patients (two with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis [JRA] and two with sarcoidosis) with severe iritis not adequately controlled by topical and systemic corticosteroid therapy. The treatment was initiated with half of the total dose and increased every 2 weeks until the final dose was reached. Iritis was graded from 0 to +4 according to the density of cells in the anterior chamber of the eye. RESULTS: There were three girls and one boy with a mean age of 10.5 years. Two patients were African American and two were Caucasian. The mean age at onset of iritis was 6 years. The mean duration of MTX therapy was 28.8 months. Significant improvement was noted in two of the four patients in ocular inflammation, demonstrated by reduction of cell density from +4 to +1. Two patients had a mild improvement of the iritis. However, corticosteroids were significantly reduced in all patients. One patient was completely off steroids within 30 months of MTX therapy. In the remaining three cases, the steroid dose was successfully tapered from 0.82 mg/kg/d to 0.15 mg/kg/d (mean doses) within a mean duration of 20 months. No side effects were observed with MTX therapy. CONCLUSION: Low-dose MTX therapy was effective and safe, and displayed steroid-sparing properties in four children with severe iritis.
Administration, Oral↗
Antibodies to Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli and Proteus mirabilis in the sera of ankylosing spondylitis patients with/without iritis and enthesitis.
IgM, IgG and IgA class serum antibodies against the whole Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli and Proteus mirabilis bacteria, as well as against K. pneumoniae and E. coli lipopolysaccharides (LPSs) were studied earlier in the sera of 98 patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS) and in 102 healthy blood donors by enzyme immunoassay. In this study the patients were divided into groups according to the clinical picture, i.e. presence or absence of iritis and enthesitis. The previous major finding of increased IgA class antibody levels against the whole K. pneumoniae bacteria in AS patients when compared to the healthy controls was not specifically associated with any single patient group in the present study. However, the patients with iritis had higher levels of IgA class antibodies to LPS of K. pneumoniae and E. coli when compared to the patients without iritis. In addition, the patients without enthesitis had higher level of IgG class antibodies against whole K. pneumoniae bacteria compared to the patients with enthesitis. The increased IgA class antibody levels against K. pneumoniae and E. coli LPS in AS patients with iritis may reflect an inflammatory process in the gut area. Furthermore, there were certain other differences in the immunological parameters between the AS patients with and without iritis or enthesitis and the possibility that they reflect different mechanisms involved in the disease processes cannot be excluded.
Antibodies, Bacterial↗
Iritis associated with intravenous cidofovir.
OBJECTIVE: To report two patients with AIDS and cytomegalovirus retinitis who developed iritis after receiving intravenous cidofovir. Both experienced recurrent symptoms upon rechallenge. CASE SUMMARIES: Two HIV-positive patients with cytomegalovirus retinitis infections previously controlled with intravenous ganciclovir or foscarnet were treated with intravenous cidofovir. Symptoms of iritis developed after the second or third dose of cidofovir. One patient experienced symptoms unilaterally, while the other patient had bilateral symptoms. In both patients, the iritis resolved with topical ophthalmic therapy, but recurred following subsequent infusions of cidofovir. Therapy with cidofovir was discontinued, and no further recurrences of iritis were noted. One patient had post-inflammatory fixed dilated pupils. CONCLUSIONS: Iritis can uncommonly occur in patients receiving intravenous cidofovir and oral probenecid. With prompt drug discontinuation and administration of topical corticosteroids and/or mydriatic agents, symptoms are usually reversible.
AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections↗
[A case of seronegative spondylarthropathy with iritis and retroperitoneal fibrosis].
In 1985 a 41-year old male visited a local hospital because of congestion in the bulbar conjunctiva, which was diagnosed as iritis. In August 1990, right coxalgia and arthralgia of metatarsophalangeal joints appeared, with recurrence of iritis. In October, stiffness in the hands and arthralgia of proximal interphalangeal joints also started. In July 1991, the right coxalgia worsened, resulting in walking difficulty. He was admitted to the Kitasato University Hospital. He presented with bilateral iritis, polyarthritis with limited ranges of motion and sacroilitis. The Schober's test was positive at 3 cm. Serological tests for rheumatoid factor and HLA-B 27 were negative. Abdominal computer tomographic scan revealed low density lesion around the aorta. PSL 10 mg was initiated, and iritis and arthritis remitted. Progression of the periaortic lesion was not observed during the subsequent 5 years. In this case, iritis preceded limited ranges of motion in the vertebrae and sacroilitis. From these findings, seronegative spondylarthropathy with peripheral arthritis was diagnosed. The periaortic lesion seen in this case probably corresponds to chronic periaortitis recently reported as a subset of idiopathic retroperitoneal fibrosis. The two lesions observed in the present case may be interpreted as caused by inflammation of the connective tissue initially either at the vertebrae or around the aorta, which had advanced to involve the other lesion.
Adult↗
Early acute aseptic iritis after cataract extraction.
Severe iritis which occurs within the first five days after cataract extraction may be categorized as (1) bacterial endophthalmitis, (2) toxic iritis, or (3) aseptic iritis. These entities can sometimes be distinguished because of their clinical features. If bacterial endophthalmitis is suspected, anterior chamber paracentesis should be considered and appropriate antibiotic treatment should be initiated. Acute iritis may result from the introduction of toxic agents into the eye, and may follow the use of products sterilized with ethylene oxide. Early acute aseptic iritis probably occurs more often than has previously been recognized. Response to intensive anti-inflammatory treatment is usually prompt and dramatic. The judicious use of cryoextraction and the careful manipulation of intraocular tissues may minimize the incidence and the severity of postoperative inflammation.
Acute Disease↗
Silent iritis in treated bacillary negative leprosy.
Iridectomy specimens from 59 leprosy patients who had adequate medical records of whom 33 belong to the lepromatous (LL) leprosy variety and 16 normal controls were studied histopathologically. All patients were bacteriologically negative and had received dapsone followed by multidrug therapy (MDT), or MDT only, or only dapsone for varying periods. It was found that leprosy, particularly lepromatous disease, did not significantly decrease the age of formation of cataract. Of the 33 LL patients studied 60.6% had silent iritis. The duration of treatment had no obvious influence on the persistence of iritis. Treatment with only 2 years of MDT for LL patients did not significantly increase the prevalence of persistent silent iritis compared to those who received other types of antileprosy therapy for long periods. It is pointed out that chronic iritis is a serious complication that continues even after the patient is declared clinically and bacteriologically cured, especially in patients who had a history of chronic iritis clinically.
Aged↗
Iritis and hypotony after treatment with intravenous cidofovir for cytomegalovirus retinitis.
OBJECTIVE: To describe intraocular inflammation due to treatment with intravenous cidofovir dihydrate for cytomegalovirus retinitis. DESIGN: Retrospective cohort. SETTING: Three university outpatient ophthalmology clinics. PATIENTS: All patients treated with intravenous cidofovir therapy before October 31, 1996. INTERVENTION: Treatment with intravenous cidofovir was given according to standardized protocols. Intraocular inflammation was treated according to the best medical judgment. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The presence of new intraocular inflammation, the severity of inflammation, visual acuity, and intraocular pressure. RESULTS: Eleven cases of iritis (26%) occurred among 43 patients. In 6 cases, the iritis was bilateral. Patients who experienced iritis were more likely to have been previously treated for cytomegalovirus retinitis (P = .03), to be diabetic (P = .05), or to be receiving protease inhibitors (P < .001). Four patients and 15 control subjects had also taken rifabutin (P = .70). The onset of iritis occurred at a mean (+/-SD) of 4.9 +/- 1.8 days after a cidofovir dose and after a mean (+/-SD) of 4.2 +/- 1.6 doses of cidofovir. Six eyes of 4 patients had hypotony. Five eyes of 5 patients had a persistent decrease in visual acuity of at least 2 Snellen lines. CONCLUSIONS: Acute intraocular inflammation may occur with or without hypotony after intravenous cidofovir therapy, similar to the reactions seen after intravitreous administration. Although the manifestations may be severe, they are manageable with topical corticosteroid therapy in most cases. Cidofovir therapy can be continued in some patients if medical necessity warrants, but recurrent inflammation or permanent hypotony may occur.
Adult↗
[A child with iritis due to Chlamydia pneumoniae infection].
A case of uncommon iritis due to Chlamydia pneumoniae (C. pneumoniae) is reported. The patient was a 9-year-old boy who had suffered from cough, pharyngeal pain, and low grade fever. The symptoms persisted for more than 1 month in spite of an oral cephem antibiotic. Ophthalmalgia, congestion around the iris and cough had lasted with alleviation and exacerbation. A diagnosis of C. pneumoniae infection was made by specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method and microimmunofluorescence test (MIF). The symptoms subsided with administration of clarithromycin (CAM: 300 mg/day) for 2 weeks. Because of the simultaneous alleviation of iritis, C. pneumoniae infection was considered to introduce the iritis. Much remains to be clarified about this pathogenesis of iritis and more detailed evaluations are required.
Child↗
Diabetic autonomic neuropathy and iritis: an association suggesting an immunological cause.
Of 47 insulin requiring diabetics aged 21-40 years with autonomic neuropathy (heart rate variability less than 10), 14 had previously developed iritis. In all except two cases the iritis preceded the autonomic symptoms. The autonomic neuropathy was very severe, 10 patients having two or more characteristic symptoms. Ten of the patients with iritis were women. The association of iritis (itself an immune disorder) with severe symptomatic autonomic neuropathy raises the possibility of an underlying immunological basis for autonomic neuropathy.
Adult↗
[Expression of the stress-response protein 60 in iritis in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis--an immunohistochemical study].
Uveitis of unknown etiology is known to occur in association with various systemic disorders. We did an immunohistochemical study on the expression of stress-response proteins (srp's) in iritis associated with experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), which is regarded as a model of multiple sclerosis. EAE was induced in Lewis rats by sensitization with homogenized spinal cord of guinea pig in complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) (Group EAE). For controls, we used rats sensitized with CFA only (Group CFA) and untreated rats (normal controls). All rats developed iritis in Group EAE. In Group CFA, no rats developed iritis. No expression of ubiquitin, alpha B-crystallin, srp 27, srp 60, or srp 72 was seen in the epithelium of the iris of the rats in Group CFA. In the rats in Group EAE, srp 60 was expressed in the epithelium of the iris in 20/22 (90.9%) of the eyes examined, ubiquitin in 4/22 (18.2%), and alpha B-crystallin in 3/22 (13.6%). In the untreated rats, only ubiquitin was expressed in the epithelium of the iris in 1/6 (16.7%) of the eyes examined. These results suggest that srp 60, 60 kDa srp, plays an important role in the occurrence of iritis associated with EAE.
Animals↗
Cytomegalovirus iritis.
We describe a case of focal cytomegalovirus iritis in a patient with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) who had CMV retinitis. The autopsy showed histologic evidence of focal iritis in the left eye. This iritis was characterized by infiltration of acute inflammatory cells mixed with cytomegalic cells, which was confirmed by CMV-specific immunohistochemical staining. The case suggested that cytomegalovirus could be a direct causative agent of infectious iritis in AIDS patients.
AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections↗
Fluorescein iris angiography in nodular sarcoid iritis.
The value of fluorescein iris angiography in the diagnosis and follow-up of nodular sarcoid iritis was studied in five patients with nodular iritis and histologically verified generalized sarcoidosis. On the angiograms the sarcoid nodules appeared as hyperfluorescent patches which always exceeded the number of nodules seen by biomicroscopy. Fresh iris nodules were characterized by mild diffuse fluorescence and dilatation and leakage of the adjacent vessels whereas old granulomas were covered by tortuous neovascular vessels which in the active stage of the disease leaked fluorescein profusely. After recovery or between recurrent attacks the amount of leakage decreased or stopped although the neovascular network did not disappear. At recurrences new areas of fluorescence due to fresh nodules were observed in addition to intense leakage from some of the previous lesions. Most of the small nodules were situated in the pupillary part of the iris resulting in dilatation and abnormal permeability of all the peripupillary vessels. The weakness of absence or diffuse leakage from the radial vessels of the iris agrees with the proliferative nature of sarcoid nodular iritis and explains the low-grade symptoms of the patients.
Adult↗
Diagnostic ultrasound in cases of acute iritis.
The A-scan ultrasound technique was used to examine the vitreous bodies of both the sick and the healthy eye in 47 patients with acute iritis. The acoustic findings were then compared to observations made with the slit lamp. Of the 47 iritis eyes, only 19 were amenable to a least some degree of optical examination. The most common factors preventing optical examination were opacity of the aqueous humor and posterior synechia. Comparison of optical and acoustic findings were difficult, since optical examination was possible in only 19 eyes. It would seem, however, that there is a farily close correlation between acoustic and optical findings. Ultrasound often offers the only possibility of ascertaining the presence and degree of exudation in cases of acute iritis, and such information may be important in planning treatment and following the course of the disease.
Acute Disease↗
Cocaine-induced iritis.
The case of a 31-year-old man who presented to the emergency department with iritis from intranasal cocaine use is described. This was the second episode of iritis in this patient after casual cocaine use. The differential diagnosis of iritis and a proposed pathophysiologic mechanism are discussed.
Adult↗
Migration of acetylated hemicellulose from capillary hemodialyzer to blood, causing scleritis and/or iritis.
From November 1981 to early March 1982, an outbreak of scleritis and/or iritis occurred among patients treated with a Nipro brand NAC series cellulose acetate capillary dialyzer. The rate of incidence with dialyzers produced in 1982 was significantly higher than that with dialyzers produced in 1981. An extract obtained from the dialyzers caused iritis in rabbits after its infusion into an auricula vein. Glycerol, acetylated carbohydrate (AC) derivatives, urethane derivatives, and polypropyleneglycol were found in the extract. AC derivatives caused iritis in rabbits, whereas they caused hyperemia of the bulbar conjunctiva in dogs. The AC derivatives contained xylose and glucose units in a ratio of 1.6-2.3:1. The amounts of AC derivatives were significantly larger in the extracts from 1982 than from 1981 devices. Moreover, another brand, but the same type, of dialyzer, the Cordis Dow 4000, contained a slight amount of them. These facts show that AC derivatives derived from hemicellulose played a primary role in the outbreak.
Acetylation↗