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Results for “INFRA-RED RAYS”

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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Chronobiologic study in the domestic duck. II. Physiological mechanism of the chronobiologic action of visible light on the gonads of the male duck.

1. The physiological mechanism of the gonad-stimulant effect of light rays on the pre-pubertal duck testis, is the basis of any chronobiolgical study of this effect. 2. The light stimulates the chain formed by the retina, the optic nerve, the hypothalamus and the anterior part of the pituitary. This chain includes 2 photo-receptors, a superficial one, the retina and a deep one, the hypothalamus. The retina is here only sensitive to orange and red rays. Consequently an autonomic retina intervenes instead of the visual retina. The hypothalamus, on the other hand, is sensitive to all visible rays when they are brought directly in contact with it through a quartz rod placed in the orbit which has been previously emptied. 3. The hypothalamus, which is thus enlightened directly is more than a hundred times more sensitive than the retina. This great sensitivity allows normal stimulation by the most penetrating rays in the orbital region. 4. Ultra-violet and infra-red rays are inactive on the autonomic retina and on the hypothalamus. 5. The neuro-secretory cells of the latter, stimulated directly or indirectly, secrete hormones which via the axones reach a capillary network covering the median eminence, then, by series of portal veins, the anterior part of the pituitary, the corresponding cells of which secrete various hormones, which through the systemic circulation reach the corresponding target organs and in particular the gonads. It is thus a neuro-hormonal mechanism which the external factor light, brings into play to stimulate various functions of the autonomic life of the organism.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

[The effect of CO2 laser on skin lymphatics (author's transl)].

The intense infra-red rays of the CO2 laser effect instant evaporization and carbonization of superficial tissue layers. Simultaneously, small blood vessels in the immediate vicinity of the impact area are occluded, which results in a circumscribed ischaemic operating field. On the other hand, small lymphatic vessels are not sealed. The lymphatic drainage of an area can be blocked mechanically only by a relatively large wall of carbonized tissue. This is why laser surgery does not necessarily prevent propagation of suspended material in the lymphatics, e. g. tumour cells.

Carbon↗
PubMed1976

[Thermography in differential diagnosis of lymphostasis in the lower limbs].

The authors report the data concerning the use of lymphography and thermography with the purpose of establishing the differential diagnosis in 42 patients with edema of the lower limbs of a different origin. A comparative estimation of different methods of the differential diagnosis indicated the advantages of infra-red thermography.

Diagnosis, Differential↗
PubMed1978

Infra-red transillumination stereophotography of the iris in Fuchs's heterochromic cyclitis.

The structural pattern of the iris in 13 patients with Fuchs's heterochromic cyclitis (FHC) was studied by infra-red transillumination stereophotography. All eyes with FHC showed atrophic changes of the iris. Extensive iris atrophy appeared as light, even translucence of the iris, associated in some cases with occasional dense small patches or pigment clumps. Moderate punctate, patchy or radiate, or extensive atrophy of the sphincter muscle was seen in all eyes with FHC. Radial contraction folds of Schwalbe, structural folds of Schwalbe, and circular contraction folds on the posterior surface of the iris were visualised in few eyes with FHC, whereas they were seen in most contralateral eyes. The results suggest that infra-red transillumination sterophotography can be used as a diagnostic method in FHC.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

SnF2 treatment of enamel, hydroxyapatite or brushite at 37 degrees C and 50 degrees C: an infra-red investigation.

The effect of 4% SnF2 on brushite, hydroxyapatite and powdered bovine enamel applied for short, 15 or 30 minute, periods was investigated using infra-red spectroscopy. It was found that brushite was converted into a fluoridated hydroxyapatite, a reaction which was both time and temperature dependent. The reactions of hydroxyapatite and powdered enamel with SnF2 were similar. There was a drop in the OH- peak intesities. X-ray diffraction analysis of these samples showed that F- ions occupied mainly OH positions in the hydroxyapatite lattice structure. In all reactions an increase in temperature from 37 degrees C to 50 degrees C increased the reaction speed by at least a factor 2. The most probable result of in vivi SnF2 application on sound enamel is the formation of a fluoridated hydroxyapatite together wity stannous complexes and amorphous CaF2. In demineralized areas some of the brushite is converted into a fluoridated hydroxyapatite as is some of the remaining hydroxyapatite. In the more protected area of an enamel lesion these reactions may well continue for some time after the topical fluoride application; Sn2F3PO4 may also therefore be formed.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

[Laparoscopic photography on infra-red sensitive film].

Photographs taken on Ektachrome infrared IE 135-20 film during laparoscopy are distinguished by improved contrast. Details that can be recognized indistinctly or not at all on regular color film can be brought out. This film has proved to be particularly useful for the visualization of lymph vessels and close-ups of the surface.

Humans↗
PubMed1975

Dry-heat inactivation of Bacillus subtilis spores by means of infra-red heating.

An experumental equipment for dry-heat inactivation of bacterial spores in an open system using Infrared (IR) radiation for energy transfer was deveoped. The dry-heat-inactivation kinetics for Bacillus subtilis ATCC 6633 spores were studied in the temperature range of 120-180 C. The z value (z = 23C) was constant in the temperature range investigated. The advantages offered by using IR radiation in sterilization systems are pointed out.

Bacillus subtilis↗
PubMed1978

The effect of irradiation and heat on the content of adrenaline in commercially manufactured local anaesthetic solutions--a pilot study.

Carpules of commercially available local anaesthetic solutions containing adrenaline have been exposed to varying conditions of heat, ultra-violet and infra-red light over a period of two months. The adrenaline content in the solutions was assessed by fluorometric assay both at the commencement of study and at regular intervals over the period of exposure. Infra-red light appeared to have little or no effect on the concentration of adrenaline, while ultra-violet light, either alone or in combination with infra-red light, caused the adrenaline levels to diminish rapidly. The results suggest that the ultra-violet component of light is probably responsible for the breakdown of catecholamines in local anaesthetic solutions when these solution are stored in areas exposed to sunlight.

Epinephrine↗
PubMed1976

Trigeminal projections in snakes possessing infrared sensitivity.

The first order of projections of the trigeminal nerve were studied in four species of snakes, three of which are infrared sensitive, utilizing silver degeneration and cobalt iontophoresis techniques. The trigeminal nerve projected ipsilaterally to a main sensory nucleus, descending spinal nucleus, ventral trigeminal field and solitary nucleus with a contralateral projection to the base of the descending spinal nucleus in all four species. A major additional projection to the lateral nucleus of the trigeminal was present in all three infra-red sensitive species but absent in the other. Iontophoresis of cobalt chloride into a trigeminal branch composed entirely of infrared sensitive fibers and into a trigeminal branch containing no infrared fibers indicated that the lateral nucleus of the trigeminal nerve was the sole first target of the infrared system.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

The thermoreculatory responses of the galago (Galago crassicaudatus), the baboon (Papio cynocephalus) and the chimpanzee (Pan stayrus) to heat stress.

1. The thermoregulatory response of the galago, the baboon and the chimpanzee were studied on exposure to dry bulb temperatures of up to 40 degrees C in a temperature controlled room. 2. Heat exposure caused an elevation in the respiratory frequency of all three species. The increase in the galago was significantly greater than that in the baboon and the chimpanzee. 3. Heat exposure also caused an increase in the cutaneous moisture loss of the baboon and the chimpanzee but not in the galago. 4. Rectal temperatures always rose on heat exposure but the animals never become hypethermic. 5. Sweat gland activity in the baboon and the chimpanzee was stimulated by the administration of acetylcholine and was blocked by the administration of atropine. Sympathetic and parasympathetic drugs had no stimulatory effect on the sueat glands of the galago. 6. Local, infra-red heating of the skin of the galago and the baboon did not stimulate any sweat gland activity. 7. The sweat glands in the galago and the baboon were found to be epitrichial. 8. These findings are discussed in relation to the habitat of each species. They are also compared to thermoregulation in other primate species, especially in relation to the unique nature of thermoregulation in man.

Acetylcholine↗
PubMed1978

Fluorescent infra-red angiography of the fundus oculi using indocyanine green dye.

This article describes the infra-red fluorescent angiographic technique to study the choroidal circulation in normal and pathological conditions. The standard Zeiss fundus camera was modified to hold suitable excitation and barrier filters. The dye used was indocyanine green, which has been proved to be free from any untoward reaction and has less tendency to leak from the fenestrated choriocapillaris, unlike fluorescein. Results obtained in pathological conditions like temporal arteritis, choroidal naevus, malignant melanoma, and choroidal angiomas were better shown by this technique than by fluorescein angiography.

Choroid↗
PubMed1979

Reaction and response times for accommodation.

Using an infra-red dynamic optometer, a qualitative comparison of the accommodation responses of two observers to step changes in target position showed marked differences in their ability to accommodate correctly. Measurement of reaction time (or latency) gave results comparable with those of other workers and independent of target position. Measurements of response time showed for one observer that the response time was dependent on the extent of the accommodative change required; this was not true of the other observer. Possible reasons for the intersubject differences and the role of the instructions given to the observer are discussed.

Accommodation, Ocular↗
PubMed1978

[Thermographic thorax diagnostics].

Among several variants of devices the infra-red thermography has obtained a wide technical perfection allowing to measure the thermal energy emitted from the body surface without contact, quickly and dynamically, and to produce a picture for analysis. Since numerous functional and pathophysiological proceedings are connected with changes of temperature, the use of thermography for diagnosis of processes near the body surface may be recommended. Based on thermic observations in 63 patients and a control experiment in 15 persons, experiences with the thermography in the diagnosis of diseases, which are localized more profoundly in the thoracic cavity, were reported.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Neurogenic concept of bell's palsy. Medical decompression of facial nerve.

According to the author it is the 'transmyringal' portion of the chorda tympani nerve which in practice remains exposed to the cold atmospheric air and triggers the pathologic process involved in Bell's palsy, affecting the facial nerve secondarily, rather than a primary condition of the facial nerve. This theory was proved by creating a Bell's palsy (paralysis a frigore) with cold-air-stimuli to the tympanic membrane in experimental animals (two monkeys). On the basis of this observation the author recommend's 'medical decompression' of the facial nerve by means of infra-red fomentation of the drum, and eustachian insufflation of hydrocortisone, in cases of Bell's palsy before retrograde extension of oedema from the chorda tympani to the facial nerve can cause irreversible damage. Subsequently, the author has successfully managed fourteen cases (93-4 per cent) of Bell's palsy with a definite history of exposure to cold (paralysis a frigore). It is suggested that the ear canal be plugged with cotton as a preventive measure; and that chorda tympani neurectomy be performed to eliminate the chances of recurrence of the disease in cases of recurrent Bell's palsy.

Animals↗