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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Improving knowledge navigation with adaptive hypermedia.

Web applications provide access to a tremendous amount of information: hypertext, hypermedia and on-line databases. However, since users' knowledge, motivation and goals are different, they cannot find the relevant information in the data being diffused. Giving the users applications or environments that will take their differences into account is one way of improving their access to knowledge. The authors' objective is to improve knowledge navigation by adapting users' navigation. Adaptive hypermedia is one way of returning information adapted to the user. This paper presents an adaptive hypermedia system based on user representation with the stereotype model. Both adaptive presentation and navigation techniques are also implemented. This paper focuses on the architecture of the general adaptive hypermedia system as well as adaptivity management. A-TOP, a medical adaptive hypermedia prototype implemented in a hospital intranet system, is described. Adaptive hypermedia is a preliminary approach to the vast problem of user access to knowledge. In conclusion, we hope to extend our reflections to the problems involved in access to knowledge on the World Wide Web (Web).

Computer Graphics↗
PubMed1993

How hyper are we? A look at hypermedia management in academic health sciences libraries.

Advances in instruction-delivery technology have a direct impact on academic media centers. New technology challenges librarians philosophically, financially, and ethically to provide access to information and instructional systems. Each institution has a unique set of circumstances governing decisions to provide access to hypermedia. If patron needs are met satisfactorily through labs outside the library, it may not be necessary for the library to incorporate hypermedia into its collection. Other library media centers may serve as a main point of access, or a substantial alternative computing resource may exist in departments or professional schools. Regardless of which route is taken, hypermedia is a viable instructional delivery system and can coexist with traditional services. Future studies on various aspects of hypermedia and multimedia management should be encouraged. Academic health sciences librarians would benefit from the study of hypermedia and multimedia collection-development policies, equipment, and personnel management. As computer networking of multimedia and image databases becomes available, it will be interesting to see the role academic health sciences libraries assume in integrating these data-bases with traditional information-delivery systems. Changing technology and instructional methods will affect budgets as well as library relationships with academic departments and computing centers.

Computer Communication Networks↗
PubMed1998

Methodology for developing educational hypermedia systems.

Hypermedia has the potential to greatly enhance teaching. It can, however, be difficult to develop hyperdocuments which provide medical students with the full benefit of the technology. We wish to resolve this problem by providing a methodology for creating educational hypermedia systems with specific emphasis on the medical domain, but applicable across disciplines. This paper examines some of the specific issues involved in educational hypermedia, and outlines a series of practical guidelines, drawing together the disparate disciplines necessary to the development process. We illustrate the methodology with our own experience in creating and updating the HIV Hypermedia Medical Education Software over a period of two years.

Computer-Assisted Instruction↗
PubMed1995

The pragmatics of clinical hypermedia: experiences from 5 years of participatory design in the MEDEA project.

To explore a medical hypermedia design process where requirements engineering and participatory design are used in a naturalistic setting, 5 years of participatory action research (PAR) have been performed in the development of a hypermedia system to be used in primary care practice. In PAR, the participating organizations cooperate with the researchers in deciding and later evaluating organizational actions, and the results are concluded cooperatively. A new type of system emerged from the study, in that the resulting design has its focus on the management of large volumes of hypermedia material, the traceability of authority in the documents, and teamwork support. Regarding the participatory design process, it was found to be essential to deal with social and organizational issues in the design group and its surroundings--and not to cover these over. For instance, an agreement was reached with the managers responsible for health care in the county where the design process took place, whereby the design activity was also given priority at the highest local administrative level. Since health care is a practice organization, there is a potential market for similar systems if only ways of organizing design and marketing the products of participatory design are further developed. Modified versions of structured product specification methods could be a valuable complement. The conclusion of the study is that the development and spread of hypermedia systems in health care may require considerable changes in current design routines and organizations.

Administrative Personnel↗
PubMed1998

Visualizing physiological concepts and research hypotheses: a hypermedia module of the drainage of the cerebrospinal fluid by lymphatics.

Hypermedia, animation and color coding were used to develop a module to visualize the lymphatic drainage of the cerebrospinal fluid and the research procedures that quantitate this drainage, to help researchers present their findings to a variety of audiences. Basic and clinical science evaluators found the method successful. Suggested uses for the module included teaching, conference and Web presentation, and liaising with research sponsors. Respondents emphasized that researchers need private investment to afford the cost of hypermedia modules. A thorough literature review, formative feedback, and post-evaluation proved fundamental to the development of this hypermedia program.

Anatomy↗
PubMed1989

Hypermedia in radiology: computer-assisted education.

Hypertext is a new computer-based method of presenting information that provides greater flexibility than conventional methods of continuing education. With a hypertext system, an individual using the computer can acquire more information on a word or concept that needs to be pursued in depth. Hypermedia is an expanded concept which uses the computer's ability to incorporate images, sounds, and video images in addition to text. This interactive, multimedia approach customizes information for more effective learning. The authors devised a prototype hypermedia textbook of nuclear medicine using a personal computer with hypermedia software that contains text, graphs, tables, figures, literature citations, and an easily persuable image database. All the information is organized with multiple cross-references, allowing instant branching to relevant facts, in different levels of detail. The system's applications and the ease of expansion or modification by the user are described.

Computer-Assisted Instruction↗
PubMed1994

Parasitology tutoring system: a hypermedia computer-based application.

The teaching of parasitology is a basic course in all life sciences curricula, and up to now no computer-assisted tutoring system has been developed for this purpose. By using Knowledge Pro, an object-oriented software development tool, a hypermedia tutoring system for teaching parasitology to college students was developed. Generally, a tutoring system contains a domain expert, a student model, a pedagogical expert and the user interface. In this project, particular emphasis was given to the user interface design and the expert knowledge representation. The system allows access to the educational material through hypermedia and indexing at the pace of the student. The hypermedia access is facilitated through key words defined as hypertext and objects in pictures defined as hyper-areas. The indexing access is based on a list of parameters that refers to various characteristics of the parasites, e.g. taxonomy, host, organ, etc. In addition, this indexing access can be used for testing the student's level of understanding. The advantages of this system are its user-friendliness, graphical interface and ability to incorporate new educational material in the area of parasitology.

Artificial Intelligence↗
PubMed1993

Development of a computer-assisted instructional tool for evaluation and treatment of renal masses. An experiment in hypermedia.

RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES: Using a personal computer and a commercially available "authoring" application, the authors constructed an interactive hypermedia teaching tool for the evaluation and management of renal masses. METHODS AND RESULTS: Through a series of questions, images, illustrations, hypertext, and graphical flow charts, the user reviews the spectrum of renal masses, including neoplasms, inflammatory disease, cysts, and "pseudomasses." The various imaging modalities (computed tomography [CT], ultrasound [US], magnetic resonance imaging [MRI], and angiography) are illustrated, with selective advantages and disadvantages to each technique highlighted. Selected algorithms for evaluation and treatment of masses are provided. Text, questions, a teaching file, and algorithms form the major sections of the program. Numerous links within and between the major sections of the program, a capacity unique to hypermedia, allow for nonlinear entry into the program, tailored to the individual user. CONCLUSIONS: Preliminarily, medical students and residents have responded positively to this hypermedia project. Furthermore, their comments and criticism have provided important feedback for future updates and enhancements.

Computer-Assisted Instruction↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Developing hypermedia systems: avoiding hyperchaos.

Hypermedia systems allow storage of huge collections of information from a wide variety of sources and afford immediate and random access to the collections. While providing unprecedented possibilities for storing and disseminating information, hypermedia systems have the potential to confuse the developer and the user alike with a multitude of intricacies. When hypermedia are being used in the teaching/learning process, they can cause cognitive overload and disorientation, if not designed properly. One way to resolve these problems is to develop system and content flowcharts. Although developing system and content flowcharts seems to be time-consuming work, it saves time and energy over the long run. Furthermore, it promotes efficiency.

Computer-Assisted Instruction↗
PubMed1996

Using hypermedia to improve the mathematics problem-solving skills of students with learning disabilities.

This article discusses current knowledge about teaching problem solving to students with learning disabilities (LD), using computers for teaching math to students with LD, and using computers for teaching problem solving to students with learning problems. Building upon identified effective learning strategies, direct instruction procedures, and principles of effective instructional design, the case is presented for the use of hypermedia in helping students with learning disabilities to improve their mathematics problem-solving abilities. Specific ideas and suggestions for applying hypermedia to cognitive strategy instruction and the graduated word problem sequence are given. Several cautions regarding hypermedia use are presented.

Child↗
PubMed1995

Experimental teleradiology. Novel telematics services using image processing, hypermedia and remote cooperation to improve image-based medical decision making.

We illustrate the possible impact of information technology on digital radiology using two pilot projects. The first aimed to improve the transfer of radiological information and the interaction between radiologist and referring physician, using hypermedia documents and hypermedia electronic mail. During a 12-month evaluation period, approximately 100 hypermedia reports were generated and distributed to hepatologists and neurosurgeons. The second project aimed to improve planning of orthopaedic surgery, using an image processing service for three-dimensional visualization and a conferencing system to support active cooperation. Over two months, 12 routine cases were reconstructed in three dimensions and conferencing was carried out between surgeons and radiologists in hospitals 15 km apart. Initial results were encouraging. Telematics may be valuable in reconciling the growing need for multidisciplinary cooperation with the growing geographical and organizational separation of different experts. We conclude that to benefit from information technology, the focus should not be on a direct translation of traditional working methods, but rather on possibilities that were not available in the film-based environment.

Belgium↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Integrated imaging of the breast. Use of a hypermedia program and multimedia archives for teaching purposes].

This paper deals with the results obtained with a computerized senology system developed at the Institute of Radiology of "La Sapienza" University in Rome. The system combines a hypermedia program with a multimedia didactic archive integrated with the radiologic information system. These programs have been developed on Macintosh computers: the hypermedia one on a Macintosh IIfx with 160-Mb hard disk and 8-Mb RAM and a Supercard software, the multimedia archive on Macintosh IIvx, IIvi and Quadra 650 units, connected with an Ethernet network to a server Quadra 950 (RAM: 20 Megabytes; optical disk: 1 Giga) and using the 4th Dimension as software. The basics of breast anatomy, radiologic semiology and breast diseases are illustrated with the hypermedia program: such a system has many advantages to teach the basics requiring just a process of learning by heart. The multimedia archive allows to classify a large number of difficult and uncommon clinical cases, according to the ACR code. Thus, it is useful also to teachers to study particular subjects, including anatomical variants and uncommon conditions. In conclusion, we believe these systems to be valuable tools in the formation and update of the physicians devoted to the study of breast diseases.

Breast↗
PubMed1995

Sharing of worldwide spread knowledge using hypermedia facilities & fast communication protocols (Mosaic and World Wide Web): the example of ExPASy.

The sharing of knowledge worldwide using hypermedia facilities and fast communication protocols (i.e., Mosaic and World Wide Web) provides a growth capacity with tremendous versatility and efficacy. The example of ExPASy, a molecular biology server developed at the University Hospital of Geneva, is striking. ExPASy provides hypermedia facilities to browse through several up-to-date biological and medical databases around the world and to link information from protein maps to genome information and diseases. Its extensive access is open through World Wide Web. Its concept could be extended to patient data including texts, laboratory data, relevant literature findings, sounds, images and movies. A new hypermedia culture is spreading very rapidly where the international fast transmission of documents is the central element. It is part of the emerging new "information society".

Artificial Intelligence↗
PubMed1997

A hypermedia radiological reporting system.

Report is the main phase of a diagnostic process by images. The product of the process is the diagnostic report. We are proposing an hypermedia structure of diagnostic report in radiology, in order to facilitate exchange between radiologist and clinician (specialist in internal medicine or surgeon) on a clinical case, without anymore charge on the side of the radiologist but with an 'off-line' consultation. An hypermedia radiological report software will produce further advantages in many aspects: radiologist and clinician could access patient's data directly from DB on patients; radiologist could check DB on exemplary cases real-time; clinician could read preliminary and final reports available in network and make requests online. The proposed hyper-report system is modular. Starting from the 'report text' writing, edited by the radiologist on the basis of most significative images, it is possible to insert comments in text, drawing and 'external' images form.

Humans↗
PubMed1997

Designing medical hypermedia: the FORUM project.

Medical activity in learning stages or in usual tasks is a wide field for information technologies. But it would be a mistake to focus on technologies and minimize the organisational, social and cultural aspects of integrating such technologies. Medical hypermedia design based only on a technological approach is a case in point. This paper describes our experience in hypermedia development. It reports on the technical, methodological and organizational aspects destined to help the medical community get involved in the development of such applications.

Computer Communication Networks↗
PubMed1998

A hypermedia tool to support the interaction between radiologists and clinicians.

In this work we discuss problems related to the radiological reporting process and attempt to identify the ones which emerge during clinician-radiologist communication. We propose a hyper-reporting system, which allows the clinician to share the knowledge and critical factors that prompt the radiologist's diagnostic hypothesis during the discussion of results. This is possible by creating hypermedia links among different elements: reporting text, images, comments and the graphic models library. These elements make radiological knowledge explicit and clarify to the clinician the logical-diagnostic path traveled by the radiologist. A questionnaire, a survey of clinicians' and radiologists' needs allowed us to define some aspects of a hypermedia demo interface. Finally, we describe an example of a working session with the use of a few explanatory cards.

Attitude to Computers↗
PubMed1997

Formative evaluation of a World Wide Web-based Chiari malformation hypermedia program.

The interface design of a Chiari malformation hypermedia document was tested with formative evaluation, a type of usability testing. The evaluation tested six common interactive design features essential for the design of user-friendly interfaces: image, size, label highlighting, text presentation (scrolling vs. hyperlinks), color (text, visual material, and background), and button behavior. Six neurosurgical residents answered a questionnaire focusing on these interactive design features during the development of the hypermedia document. Over a period of two months, the responses to the questions and suggestions made by the volunteers were used to improve the six interactive design features for the specific target audience of Toronto Hospital, Western Division neurosurgical residents.

Arnold-Chiari Malformation↗
PubMed1996

An integrated approach to senology education: combination of a hypermedia program with a multimedia archive.

The aim of this work was to demonstrate the computerized system on senology, which combines a hypermedia application to a multimedia didactical archive, integrated with a radiological information system. These applications have been developed on Macintosh computers using the softwares Supercard and 4th Dimension. The hypermedia application deals with basic principles of anatomy as well as the radiologic semeiology and pathology through different imaging techniques in order to illustrate basic principles. Thus, students can modify their learning pathways and the timing as they wish. Limitations are related to time consumption in preparing the programs and technical difficulties in expanding them. Multimedia archive allows to classify a large number of difficult and uncommon clinical cases, creating an easily updatable teaching file in digital format which considerably improves access to stored image data, also reducing loss of films and film degradation. From initial experiences we conclude that these systems are valid devices in information and up to date for physicians dedicated to the study of breast pathology.

Breast↗