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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

[The characteristics of the epidemic process of hospital infections in maternity hospitals influenced by an operational management system].

As shown in this investigation, the introduction of the algorithmic system of the control of the epidemiological process of hospital infections (HI) in maternity hospitals makes it possible to reduce HI-induced morbidity and mortality rates more than by half, as well as to alter their nosological and age structures, without additional economic expenditures and under the existing material conditions of maternity hospitals. Such success is achieved by the observation of infection precursors indicating the activation of the mechanisms of the transmission of Staphylococcus, Escherichia and Klebsiella infections and the risk factors (preconditions) facilitating this activation with the immediate involvement of all relevant specialists into action at the stage when an increase in the contamination of newborns and puerperal women is noted and not as late as at the stage of morbidity and mortality.

Algorithms↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Instructions from teaching hospital maternity wards to parents concerning the sleeping position of newborns].

The prone sleeping position has been causally linked to sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS). This survey aimed to determine whether maternity hospitals in Brazil were promoting the prone sleeping position for newborns. Information was also collected on SIDS prevention messages. The study adopted a multicenter collaborative approach in hospitals with training in pediatrics, using questionnaires. Correctly completed questionnaires were received from 55 hospitals. The number of deliveries/year varied at the hospitals from 240 to 11,000 (median 2,750). The majority of hospitals encouraged the lateral (side) sleeping position in the normal care nurseries (44.4%) and at discharge (67%). In conclusion, the majority of hospitals surveyed are not promoting the supine sleeping position or any other intervention for SIDS prevention, although verbal information is provided to parents about breastfeeding (100%), immunization (100%), and smoking (85%).

Attitude of Health Personnel↗
PubMed1997

[The structure and analysis of neonatal mortality in twins in 1991-1995 at the State University Hospital Maternity Home, Sofia].

This is a retrospective study on all liveborn children that died in the neonatal period in the University Maternal Hospital, Sofia for a five year period of time. They are divided in two groups-twins and singletons. It is established that neonatal mortality rate as a whole is decreasing while that of twins is increasing. The early neonatal mortality rate of twins is 3.6-4.5 times higher than that of singletons. Inside the group of twins who died in the neonatal period, 63.64% are with birth weight below 1500 g, while in singletons this percentage is 37.07%. Main reasons for death of liveborn twins are respiratory distress syndrome, intracranial haemorrhages and intrapartal asphyxia followed by congenital malformations and inborn infections. Conclusions point out that multiple pregnancy is a high-risk delivery and to decrease the neonatal mortality rate of twins the collective efforts of obstetricians and neonatologists are needed.

Bulgaria↗
PubMed1990

Some aspects of teenage pregnancy in Nairobi: a prospective study on teenage mothers at Kenyatta National Hospital and Pumwani Maternity Hospital.

In order to determine the magnitude of teenage pregnancy and also to determine the demographic and socio-economic problems associated with these pregnancies, a prospective study was conducted in two major delivery centres in Nairobi. The incidence of teenage pregnancy was found to be 10.5%. For Kenyatta National Hospital (KNH), the incidence was 13.1% and Pumwani Maternity Hospital (PMH) recorded an incidence of 8.8%. Most of the teenagers (82.8%) were from large families, and upto 59.4% had been pregnant at least once. They had low education; 66.7% had only primary level education. Both the teenager and their parents were unemployed. Their average age at menarche was 14.2 years. 70% had had intercourse by 16 years. Up to 60% had no knowledge of contraceptives and; most of those who knew, had it from informal sources. Only 1% had used any known contraceptive method. It is concluded that intervention programme like adolescent antenatal clinics, adolescent sexuality education and appropriate use of contraceptives be provided as a matter of priority. All health facilities should open special units for handling adolescent sexuality. This should include both sexes. Teachers, parents and respectable community leaders should effectively be involved in formulation of programmes that would reduce teenage pregnancies. These measures should be started right at the primary school level.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

[A system for the operative management of hospital infections in maternity hospitals].

A system for controlling the epidemic process of hospital infections in maternity hospitals and departments of infant pathology has been created. The specific feature of the proposed method is the prospective character of epidemiological surveillance: from the cause to the effect, and not vice versa. This is achieved by using the results of follow-up of the preconditions of the epidemic process activation (preterm delivery, gestosis, dry labor, birth injuries in mothers and infants) and the precursors of the beginning aggravation of the epidemic situation (the level of the contamination of infants with hospital microflora). Early information in this respect will help foresee the possible activation of the epidemic process of hospital infections and take necessary measures when infant infection rate is just elevated.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

[Incidence of the cleft lip and palate in the University of Chile Maternity Hospital and in maternity Chilean participating in the Latin American Collaborative Study of Congenital Malformations (ECLAMC)].

BACKGROUND: ECLAMC is a registry, aimed to assess the incidence of congenital malformations, that started in 1967 and Chile incorporated to it in 1969. AIM: To report the incidence of cleft lip/palate, updated to 1999 in the University of Chile Maternity Hospital and other Chilean hospitals participating in the ECLAMC. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A review of the ECLAMC database that registers all births or stillbirths of more than 500 g. RESULTS: The incidence of orofacial cleft, at the University of Chile Maternity Hospital, in the period 1991-1999 was 17.8 per 10,000 (12.6 for cleft lip and 5.2 for cleft palate). The incidence in the rest of participating hospitals was 12.04 and 4.6 respectively. Males had a higher incidence of cleft lip and 80% of children with cleft palate, had other malformations, most of them as part of a syndrome (13 and 18 trisomy, holoproscencephalia, Pierre Robin, Apert en EE syndromes, anencephaly etc). In three of 12 children with cleft lip but without cleft palate, there was a relative with the same malformation. CONCLUSIONS: It is proposed that both entities, cleft lip with or without cleft palate and cleft palate without cleft lip, are two etiopathogenically different conditions.

Chi-Square Distribution↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Constraints faced by hospitalized maternity patients in Niamey (Niger)].

A cross-sectional survey was conducted in the main maternity hospital in Niamey (Maternité Poudrière) in July 1995 to evaluate the domestic and financial pressures faced by the patients. One-hundred-and-five women were included in this exhaustive survey which analyzed the socio-demographic characteristics of the patients' households, the reasons for their hospitalization, the organization of their daily life while in hospital, and the costs involved (type of costs, the amounts, and who paid which cost). Fifty-seven women lived in Niamey, and forty-eight in a rural area. The socio-demographic characteristics of the survey population were in agreement with the characteristics of Niger's census in 1988. Analysis of the patients' incomes showed that they were highly dependent on their husbands. Fifty-eight received surgical treatment, and forty-seven received medical treatment. The costs of hospitalization included the standard fee, traveling expenses, and the costs of drugs and surgery. On average, 72% of the hospitalization costs were paid by the husbands, and 15% by close members of the family. The contribution by extended family members and friends was very small. Only 40.5% of the total amounts exceeding 25,000 FCFA were wholly paid. Niger has a policy of recovering medical costs. Our survey shows the difficulties of attempting to reconcile the operation of health centers with access to specialist care.

Cost of Illness↗
PubMed1981

The selection of patients at the Groote Schuur Maternity Hospital.

The Peninsula Maternity and Neonatal Service (PMNS) was established on 1 January 1980 as a result of the regionalization of obstetric and neonatal services in the Cape Peninsula. Some 20000 deliveries per annum occur in the 5 maternity hospitals and 3 Midwife Obstetric Units (MOUs) under the aegis of the PMNS. As part of the reorganization of the service the booking and referral criteria have been revised, taking into account the function of the Groote Schuur Hospital Maternity Block as the high-risk unit. The concept of risk in perinatology is discussed. The booking and referral criteria are detailed under the headings of booking criteria for hospital and for MOUs and referral criteria from the MOU to hospital -- antenatally, in labour, in the puerperium and for neonatal problems.

Ambulatory Care Facilities↗
PubMed1999

[Cases of abortions at the maternity hospital of Befelatanana in 1997].

The purpose of this study is to assess the frequency of spontaneous and induced abortions at the Hospital Maternity of Befelatanana, in Antananarivo--City by 1997. The study was also carried out to identify causes and risk factors of abortions in order to draw up a control program. 958 abortion cases were counted. The patient average age was 28 old years. 289 cases (30.3%) of these abortions had complications, 1 out of 25 patients died. Some of causes of abortion have been specified: prior patient health, cultural, social and economic factors. Existence of abortions is a failure report of the Reproductive Heath Program. Abortion control must be based on sanitary education in which family planning is very important, on correct management of abortion cases and their complications. But all that is not possible if there are not improvements of the standard of living.

Abortion, Induced↗
PubMed1992

Obstetrics in a small maternity hospital.

This paper presents the case for continuing to practise safe obstetrics in a small suburban hospital. Boothville Maternity Hospital, Brisbane, is a Salvation Army hospital of 20 beds. Seven thousand births during the years 1975 to 1989 are reported. Perinatal mortality rate was 4.9/1000 total births, forceps rate 7.1%, caesarean rate 9.3% and transfer rate to larger centres 1.6% for babies and 1.2% for mothers. Personalised family-centred care in congenial surroundings serves to maximise the factors that favour uncomplicated delivery. Large centralised and small peripheral hospitals should be seen not as competitive but as complementary. Boothville provides mutually satisfying co-operation for care-givers and care-receivers.

Family↗
PubMed1974

Perinatal mortality at the Port Moresby General Hospital and St. Therese's Maternity Hospital 1972.

A study was made of the 67 still-births and the 58 neonatal deaths that occurred among the 3,516 viable infants (birth weight 1,000 g. or more) that were born to public patients of the obstetric units of Port Moresby General Hospital and St. Therese's Maternity Hospital during the year 1972. The combined stillbirth and neonatal mortality rate was 35.5 per 1,000 births. The adverse effects of lack of antenatal care, delivery outside hospital, high parity, maternal anaemia, mulitple pregnancy, and low birth weight are demonstrated. Low birth weight (1,000 to 2,200 g.) of unknown cause accounted for 24.0 per cent of the deaths. In 16,8 per cent of cases the birth weight was more than 2,200 g. and the cause of death was unknown. Birth trauma accounted for 19.2 per cent of the deaths, congenital malformation for 11.2 per cent, antepartum haemorrhage for 11.2 per cent, toxaemia for 10.4 per cent, and maternal disease for 3.2 per cent. There were miscellaneous causes in 4.0 per cent of cases. Approximately 75 per cent of the deaths were considered to be the result of unfavourable factors in the mother's environment. Approximately 14 per cent were primarily the result of obstetric complications and might have been avoided by a higher standard of obstetric care. Improving the standard of obstetric care that is presently available in Port Moresby would probably reduce the perinatal mortality rate by not more than 5 per 1,000.

Birth Weight↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Accidental out-of-hospital deliveries: factors influencing delay in arrival to maternity hospital.

OBJECTIVE: To find out various factors influencing delay in arrival to Shree Panch Ratna Rajya Laxmi Maternity Hospital leading to accidental - out - of hospital delivery. METHODOLOGY: This was a hospital based cross sectional descriptive study conducted at maternity hospital, Kathmandu. Women who delivered on the way to the maternity hospital during the time period- 060/9/1 to 060/12/ 31 (4 months) were interviewed using a structured questionnaire. RESULTS: The prevalence of such deliveries was 45 out of 5703 deliveries i.e. 0.78%. Majority of women (n= 37) who had accidental - out - of hospital delivery were of parity 1-2 group (82.22%), whereas 2 of them were primigravida (4.44%) and 6 of them were of group parity 3-4 (13.33%). Economic factor was not responsible for delay for majority of women as they could arrange money immediately in emergency situation (88.88%) and majority of women had personal money saved for use in emergency (71.11%). Accessibility to the hospital was difficult for few women (21.00%) only as many women lived within the ring road of Kathmandu valley (48.88%) or outside the ring road but within municipality area of Kathmandu valley (31.11%). Only 60% of women could get transport easily during daytime only. Eight of them were late due to delay in getting transport (17.77%), whereas five patients were late due to disturbed / diverted traffic (11.11%). In three cases, transport was not available due to Nepal Bundh and delay was due to time taken to arrange ambulance (6.66%). Majority of women came for antenatal visits (84.44%) and most of them came to maternity hospital for antenatal visits (73.33%). Lack of birth preparedness and inadequate counselling during antenatal visits probably contributed towards many A-O-H (65.78%). More than half of patients were not satisfied with health staff during ANC (63.15%). Many women did not have any discussion about place of birth during ANC (73.68%) and many of them had no discussion even in the family (36.84%). Seven patients had probably precipitate labour (15.55%). 4 patients were returned back home with diagnosis of false labour pain (8.88%) and later on they delivered on the way to the hospital. SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION: Lack of birth preparedness that involves adequate counselling during ANC about symptoms and signs of onset of labour pain and prior decision about place of birth together with delay in getting transport or delay due to diverted traffic were important factors leading to A-O-H. In addition, unusually short duration of labour or dismissing the diagnosis of true onset of labour may have accounted for few cases of A-O-H.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Booked and unbooked mothers delivering at Harare Maternity Hospital, Zimbabwe: a comparison of maternal characteristics and foetal outcome.

This study was prompted by the poor maternal and foetal outcome at Harare Maternity Hospital, Zimbabwe, in unbooked mothers compared to women who had booked for antenatal care. Comparison was made of 195 recently delivered unbooked mothers with 196 booked mothers. Unbooked mothers were significantly more likely to be younger, of lower parity, be single, have lower socio-economic status, live in or migrate from rural areas, be uneducated and have an unwanted pregnancy. Their infants were significantly more likely to preterm and/or of low birth weight and had a higher perinatal mortality. The major reasons cited by the women for not booking were lack of money and delivery occurring before the intended time of booking. Discussion focuses on how to improve outcome in unbooked mothers.

Adult↗