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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1989

[Benign superior vena cava syndrome associated with Horner syndrome--report of a case].

Superior vena cava syndrome is commonly caused by malignant diseases such as lung cancer, malignant lymphoma and so forth. It is uncommon that benign diseases obstruct the superior vena cava or its major tributaries. But there are some documented cases of benign superior vena cava syndrome induced by mediastinitis, benign mediastinal tumors, and uncommon lesions having their primary origin in the mediastinum. A 41-year-old male patient had recognized his ptotic palpebra two years ago and chest roentgenographic examination disclosed a tumor shadow occupying the apex of the right thorax but he was almost asymptomatic except venous dilatation of the anterior chest wall. Venography revealed obstruction of the brachiocephalic vein and superior vena cava. At thoracotomy the tumor was found to be impacted at the apex of the thoracic fornix and to be cystic. Primary site of the tumor was at the chest wall and its histological finding was compatible with that of neurilemmoma. Postoperative venography confirmed complete patency of the brachiocephalic vein and superior vena cava.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

Pediatric Horner syndrome.

INTRODUCTION: The purpose of this study was to define the etiologies of Horner syndrome in the pediatric population. METHODS: A retrospective review was performed of the medical records of all pediatric Horner syndrome patients (< 18 years old) examined by the pediatric ophthalmology services at two large referral centers. RESULTS: Seventy-three pediatric Horner syndrome patients were identified. Of these, 31 (42%) were congenital, 11 (15%) were acquired without surgical intervention, and 31 (42%) were acquired after a surgical procedure of the thorax, neck, or central nervous system. Of the congenital Horner syndrome patients, a history of delivery with the use of forceps, vacuum extraction, shoulder dystocia, fetal rotation, or postterm delivery was elicited in 16 patients (53%). Concomitant brachial plexus injury was identified in only 3 patients. Two patients had congenital varicella syndrome and 1 patient was diagnosed with neuroblastoma. This patient had a palpable supraclavicular mass and stridor. Diagnosis of the patients with acquired Horner syndrome included neuroblastoma (2), trauma (1), rhabdomyosarcoma (1), brainstem vascular malformation (1), disseminated sclerosis (1), and not determined (5). CONCLUSION: In children with congenital Horner syndrome, a history of forceful manipulation of the infant during birth may reduce the need for extensive systemic evaluation. Without such history, a decision to proceed with further evaluation is made with consideration of the relative incidence of neuroblastoma by age and the physical findings. All acquired pediatric Horner syndrome patients without a known etiology require thorough evaluation because of the frequent association of serious underlying disease.

Birth Injuries↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Deferred Horner syndrome following thoracoplasty].

INTRODUCTION: Horner syndrome (HS) involves an injury affecting the ocular sympathetic nerve, which gives rise to myosis, palpebral ptosis and enophthalmos, and is accompanied by hemifacial anhidrosis in its complete forms. Its extension means that its involvement can occur in different structures and as a result of different medical and surgical processes. CASE REPORT: We describe the case of two patients who developed a subacute form of HS without involvement of the sweating process and which was not accompanied by any other clinical features affecting the orbit, neck, brain, spinal cord or of a radicular nature. Both of them had been submitted to thoracoplasty as therapy for tuberculosis over 30 years earlier. The complementary studies that were conducted did not reveal involvement of the ocular sympathetic nerve anywhere other than in the pleura. CONCLUSIONS: The lesion would have been produced in the endothoracic fascia, where the cervical sympathetic chain is closely related to the apical pleura, and the physiopathological mechanism would be fibrosis of the aforementioned structures. Many reports have been published that describe the onset of HS as an acute complication following thoracic surgery, but its late development is infrequent.

Aged↗
PubMed1992

Congenital Horner syndrome associated with non-cervical neuroblastoma.

Horner syndrome may be caused by a neuroblastoma involving the cervical sympathetic nervous system. A two-year-old girl presented with Horner syndrome and a discrete, distant neuroblastoma, suggesting that these two conditions represent a more widespread dysgenesis of the sympathetic nervous system.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1982

Horner syndrome during lumbar epidural analgesia for obstetrics.

Horner syndrome (ptosis, miosis, anhidrosis, and facial and conjunctival vasodilation) is a recognized complication of lumbar epidural analgesia for labor and delivery. Alone, it presents no significant risk to mother or fetus, as resolution is spontaneous and complete. Horner syndrome may, however, be associated with significant maternal hypotension and therefore should be an indication for close maternal and fetal monitoring to provide reassurance.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Idiopathic horner syndrome in the golden retriever.

OBJECTIVES: Various reports have noted a high incidence of idiopathic Horner syndrome in golden retriever dogs. The author seeks to document this condition in the breed. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A prospective study was made of cases of Horner syndrome in dogs referred to the author throughout a 10-year period. As part of the general clinical, ophthalmic, and neurologic examination, denervation hypersensitivity testing was performed to localize the responsible lesion. Follow-up results were obtained in all cases by repeat examination or telephone contact. RESULTS: Of 155 dogs in the study, 110 were golden retrievers, 100 of which were diagnosed as having idiopathic second order Horner syndrome. Ninety-five of the golden retrievers were male, some neutered. Signs resolved spontaneously in all cases within 6 months. CONCLUSIONS: There is a high incidence of idiopathic second order Horner syndrome in the male golden retriever.

Animals↗
PubMed2003

False negative hydroxyamphetamine test in horner syndrome caused by acute internal carotid artery dissection.

A patient with Horner syndrome from internal carotid artery dissection initially had a false negative hydroxyamphetamine test. Two months later, the ophthalmic signs had disappeared but the hydroxyamphetamine test was positive. This case illustrates that hydroxyamphetamine testing may be falsely negative in acute Horner syndrome because norepinephrine stores in oculosympathetic postganglionic terminals have not yet been depleted. However, the hydroxyamphetamine test may be positive even after the ophthalmic signs of Horner syndrome have disappeared.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

[Horner syndrome due to mediastinal neurinoma--a case report].

Horner syndrome due to mediastinal neurinoma has been reported rare cases so far. We experienced a 55-year-old woman who developed Hornor syndrome due to mediastinal neurinoma and the patient received operation with no major complication. She was admitted to our hospital because of the left shoulder pain and the dilatation of the mediastinum on chest X-ray. She was found to have the left mild ptosis and CT scan showed left upper mediastinal tumor (12 cm in diameter) with tracheal compression. Aortography showed a 8.6 cm tumor stein and lower deviation of aortic arch. The feeding artery was branch of thyrocervical artery. Mediastinal neurinema was found by biopsy. During the operation, we found the origin was the left sympathetic nerve. The post operative course was uneventful however horner syndrome was progressed due to radical resection of the tumor.

Disease Progression↗
PubMed1999

Neurotrophic corneal endothelial failure complicating acute Horner syndrome.

PURPOSE: The authors report the clinical findings of a unique case of rapid corneal endothelial decompensation in association with acute Horner syndrome. STUDY DESIGN: Case report and literature review. METHODS: The authors followed a 38-year-old woman who developed Horner syndrome after right jugular vein catheterization during cardiac valvular surgery. Shortly after the operation, Horner syndrome accompanied by conjunctival hyperemia and stromal corneal edema developed in the right eye. Over the course of 4 months, the eye became painful, the corneal endothelial cell count dropped precipitously, and the stromal edema worsened, causing a difference of 100 microm in central corneal thickness compared to the unaffected eye. Deep stromal vascularization started at the limbus, resembling interstitial keratitis. RESULTS: A 3-week course of topical steroid treatment resulted in a dramatic improvement in the stromal corneal edema and regression of the deep stromal vascularization. Ocular and right hemicranial pain subsided shortly thereafter. CONCLUSION: The authors hypothesize that corneal endothelial failure in this unique case may have resulted from traumatic sympathectomy. According to experimental evidence in the reviewed ophthalmologic literature, sympathetic innervation may have a neurotrophic role in the cornea. Corneal pathology similar to the authors' case has been described in hemifacial atrophy (Parry-Robson syndrome), a disorder that is assumed to result from sympathetic denervation and that can be produced in animals by cervical sympathectomy. The authors therefore hypothesize that sympathetic denervation of the cornea may rarely cause endothelial decompensation and corneal edema. To the authors' knowledge, this is the first reported case of corneal endothelial failure in Horner syndrome.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1998

[Painful Claude Bernard Horner syndrome: apropos of a painless carotid artery dissection].

We report a case of post-traumatic carotid artery dissection revealed by a painless Horner's syndrome. Horner's syndrome is a neurologic emergency when it appears rapidly, spontaneously or after a trauma. Each painful Horner's syndrome must be considered as due to a homonymous carotid artery dissection until proven otherwise. One must be attentive especially because the pain may be an inconstant finding and the Horner's syndrome incomplete. Ophthalmologists must be aware of this entity because they are the first and often only practicians to be consulted. They must consider the diagnosis, ask for an immediate MRI or angio-scan, start the treatment and assume the follow-up.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

Horner syndrome associated with implantation of a vagus nerve stimulator.

PURPOSE: To report a case of Horner syndrome that occurred after implantation of a vagus nerve stimulator. METHODS: Case report. RESULTS: A 6-year-old female with cerebral dysgenesis and intractable partial seizures presented with Horner syndrome after vagus nerve stimulator implantation. CONCLUSION: Horner syndrome can occur as a result of the vagus nerve stimulator implant procedure and should be included as one of its possible surgical complications.

Blepharoptosis↗
PubMed2002

Isolated Horner syndrome and syrinx of the cervical spinal cord.

PURPOSE: To alert ophthalmologists to the possibility of a spinal cord lesion in individuals with Horner syndrome and no neurologic symptoms. DESIGN: Observational case report. METHODS: Neuro-ophthalmic and neuroimaging assessment of a 16-year-old man with an isolated Horner syndrome localizing to a first- or second-order neuron. RESULTS: With magnetic resonance imaging, a syrinx of the cervical spinal cord extending from C5 to C7 was found. No Chiari malformation was present. CONCLUSION: Patients with an isolated Horner syndrome localizing to a first- or second-order sympathetic neuron should undergo magnetic resonance imaging of the head, neck, spinal cord, and chest to investigate for possible origins. An isolated Horner syndrome may be the presenting manifestation of a cervical syrinx.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Horner syndrome occurring as a complication of chest tube placement.

A case of Horner syndrome occurring secondary to the high insertion of a chest tube is reported. Horner syndrome from this cause can easily be avoided. The tip of the chest tube should be kept at or below the third posterior rib unless the clinical situation dictates otherwise.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Acute Horner syndrome due to thoracic epidural analgesia in a paediatric patient.

A 4-year-old boy with coarctation of the aorta underwent surgical aortic arch repair with general anaesthesia and thoracic epidural analgesia. In the immediate postoperative period, the child developed a unilateral Horner syndrome which appeared to be related to the epidural infusion rate. Management of this patient as well as alternate aetiologies of Horner syndrome are described. Horner syndrome is a rare complication of epidural catheters and is often unrecognized, especially in children.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1993

Herpes zoster ophthalmicus as a cause of Horner syndrome.

Herpes zoster ophthalmicus is a disease in which the varicella-zoster virus replicates and produces inflammation in the skin of the face supplied by the sensory branches of the ophthalmic division of the trigeminal nerve. It can also cause a conjunctivitis, keratitis, uveitis, extraocular muscle paralysis, and acute retinal necrosis. We found only a single report of this disease as a cause of Horner syndrome. Here we report a case of herpes zoster ophthalmicus that progressed to a sixth nerve palsy and, subsequently, a Horner syndrome. We discuss how the anatomic relationship of the fifth, sixth, and sympathetic nerves in the cavernous sinus provides a route whereby the varicella-zoster virus may produce a Horner syndrome. To our knowledge this is the first fully documented case of Horner syndrome caused by herpes zoster ophthalmicus.

Herpes Zoster Ophthalmicus↗
PubMed2001

[Assisted thoracoscopic resection of huge mediastinal neurogenic tumor with Horner syndrome and superior vena cava syndrome].

A 51-year-old female suffering from right shoulder pain had chest radiography, which showed the huge round shadow (10 x 8.5 x 8.0 cm) on the right upper lung field. Horner syndrome and superior vena cava syndrome were presented. Thoracoscopic appearance showed that the tumor with complete smooth capsulation was neurogenic. After that added ideal thoracotomy (compatible with location and length) was performed, from which tumor was carried out and made a pathologic diagnosis of neurilemoma originated from thoracic sympathetic nerve. Harmonic Scalpel, an ultrasonically activated surgical device was effective in such a case of using near by nerve and small vessels. After operation, superior vena cava syndrome except for Horner syndrome was improved. It is important that we should consider less invasive and safe approach with combination of thoracoscopic and thoracotomic procedures even in case of huge tumor.

Female↗
PubMed1988

Congenital cervical neuroblastoma associated with Horner syndrome.

A rare case of congenital neuroblastoma of the neck associated with complete Horner syndrome and respiratory distress is described. The case was successfully treated by total excision secondary to chemotherapy. Horner syndrome was of value for early diagnosis of this lesion.

Female↗
PubMed1992

Acquired heterochromia with horner syndrome in two adults.

BACKGROUND: Heterochromia iridis, asymmetry of iris pigmentation, has been well described with congenital Horner syndrome. Acquired heterochromia associated with lesions in the ocular sympathetic pathways in adulthood, however, is rare. METHODS: Two cases are reported in which sympathectomy in adults resulted in ipsilateral Horner syndrome with heterochromia. In each case, pharmacologic testing with cocaine and hydroxyamphetamine was performed. RESULTS: In both cases, sympathectomy occurred at the level of the second order neuron, but hydroxyamphetamine testing suggested at least partial third order neuron involvement. CONCLUSION: Acquired heterochromia can occur in adults. The partial response to hydroxyamphetamine in the two cases presented may reflect trans-synaptic degeneration of the postganglionic neuron. A reduction in trophic influences on iris melanocytes may have contributed to the observed heterochromia.

Aged↗