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A modified version of the questionnaire used in research with survivors of the holocaust was used in research of their children. Twenty two persons were interviewed in order to answer the following questions: What national identity do the children of the holocaust survivors have, especially as they come from mixed marriages? What influence on their identity do family relationships have?
This report examines psychotic symptoms in children of Holocaust survivors. The authors present two cases that show how the manifestations of schizophrenia were influenced by the Holocaust. The cases show how the effects of one generation's trauma are seen in the symptoms and behavior of the next.
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The entire population of Norwegian-born Jews who survived the German concentration camps and their children was examined, and compared to Norwegian-born Jews who escaped to Sweden, and their children. An attempt is made to look for the symptoms described as a "second generation syndrome" by several authors. The present findings do not support the presence of serious psychopathology among the children of Norwegian-born Jewish survivors as a group, but indicate a certain degree of psychological vulnerability among these children. As adults, they are more often engaged in health/social care professions and organizations and also show signs of greater assimilation to their non-Jewish surroundings than the comparison group.
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Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
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This study examined whether severe emotional and physical trauma in the past affects the psychological condition of female patients currently afflicted with cancer. Using the Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI), 41 women with cancer, who had sustained extreme trauma during the Nazi Holocaust of the midcentury, were compared with three different groups: a matched group of cancer patients without Holocaust experience, a physically healthy group of female Holocaust survivors, and healthy women without a Holocaust past. Although psychological distress was comparable in the two healthy groups, it was far higher in Holocaust cancer patients than in either their non-Holocaust counterparts or in the group of healthy Holocaust survivors. These results may suggest that the severe trauma of the Holocaust could be responsible for markedly diminished psychological response when such patients are confronted with new stress.
OBJECTIVE: Opinions differ about the effects of the Holocaust on the adult offspring of survivors. The authors studied cancer patients who were second-generation Holocaust survivors in an attempt to determine whether they react to their illness with the high distress found to be a characteristic of Holocaust survivors. METHOD: In a study population of women with breast cancer, 106 second-generation Holocaust survivors were compared to 102 women whose parents were not in the Holocaust. Background information was obtained by interviews. In addition, all patients completed three self-reports: the Mental Attitude to Cancer Scale, the Brief Symptom Inventory, and the Impact of Event Scale. RESULTS: The two groups had identical mean scores on the Mental Attitude to Cancer Scale. The offspring of Holocaust survivors had scores on the Brief Symptom Inventory and the Impact of Event Scale that were substantially and significantly higher and in the range of psychopathology. Within the group, married women and women whose mothers were still alive were even more distressed. Other independent variables shed little light on why the second-generation Holocaust survivors suffered from extreme distress. CONCLUSIONS: Second-generation Holocaust survivors are particularly vulnerable to psychological distress and, when faced with a trauma such as breast cancer, react with extreme psychological distress.
This study examined current feelings and attitudes toward Holocaust survivors in a sample of 205 Israeli mental health professionals. Subjects were asked to read two vignettes each describing an aged trauma victim who had recently applied for treatment. The first vignette presented a Holocaust survivor and the second a war veteran. The two "patients" were otherwise similar in background and clinical picture. After reading each vignette, subjects were asked to report their feelings toward the patient. Subjects also completed a detailed questionnaire that assessed attitudes on several issues related to the Holocaust. Feelings toward the Holocaust survivor were found to be more intense and more positive than feelings toward the combat veteran. Therapists' attitudes toward Holocaust survivors were also found to be highly and consistently positive. Compared to previous reports, they appear to reflect a change of heart in relation to the past. Therapist background variables were not found to play a major role in determining attitudes toward Holocaust survivors.
The Holocaust was the most traumatic experience to occur in the 20th century. The present study aims to assess elderly Holocaust survivors in a long-stay psychiatric setting. Data concerning hospitalized survivors were gathered from medical records, repeated interviews (Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-III [SCID]) with patients, and family interviews. Subjects were all inpatients at Israel's largest psychiatric hospital, Abarbanel Mental Health Center. Patients hospitalized in the same setting who did not undergo the Holocaust were the comparison group. Of the center's 670 beds, 74 (11%) are designated for psychogeriatric patients. Forty-four (59.5%) patients in the psychogeriatric section are Holocaust survivors. There were 41 women and three men in our series. Mean age of the group was 76.2 years (range, 54 to 92). The most frequent diagnosis was schizophrenia (22 of 44). Nearly 30% had been hospitalized chronically since the Holocaust. Mean current hospitalization time was 11.2 years (range, 1 to 45). The frequent diagnosis in the comparison group was also schizophrenia (20 of 30), but indexes of chronicity were more favorable. The severity and the chronic, deteriorating course of illness in this subgroup of survivors may be due to the massive life-long psychologic disintegration imposed by the Holocaust.