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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1985

Autoinoculation herpes of the hand in a child with recurrent herpes labialis.

Herpes simplex virus infections involving the fingers and hands have been reported primarily in medical and dental personnel. A 10-year-old boy is described who presented with herpes simplex virus infection of his left hand two weeks after resolution of an episode of recurrent herpes labialis. Since herpes simplex infections of the fingers and hands may be confused with a variety of other more common conditions, clinicians should be alert to this possibility when diagnosing vesiculopustular lesions of the hands, particularly in medical and dental personnel and in patients with histories of recurrent herpes simplex infections elsewhere. A need for greater patient awareness of the potential for herpes simplex virus autoinoculation is also stressed.

Child↗
PubMed1977

Cell-mediated immune responses in patients with recurrent Herpes Simplex infections. II. Infection-associated deficiency of lymphokine production in patients with recurrent herpes labialis or herpes progenitalis.

Herpes simplex virus antigen-induced lymphocyte proliferation and production of leukocyte migration inhibitory factor (LMIF) and lymphocyte-derived interferon were studied in normal individuals and patients with recurrent Herpes labialis and Herpes progenitalis. Virus-specific lymphoproliferative responses were regularly detected in patients with recurrent infection irrespective of the clinical stage of infection. In contrast, transient deficiencies in herpes-specific lymphoid production of both LMIF and interferon were regularly documented at the time of and immediately before herpes simplex-induced vesicular eruptions. During the convalescence, pronounced production of these mediators in response to antigenic stimulation with inactivated virus antigen preparations were regularly detected. The biology of these fluctuations in lymphokine production is evaluated and discussed.

Antigens, Viral↗
PubMed2003

Review of antiviral therapy for herpes labialis, genital herpes and herpes zoster.

Acyclovir (Zovirax) was approved for the treatment of herpesvirus infections almost two decades ago. It was the first agent in a novel group of antiviral medications that now include valacyclovir (Valtrex), penciclovir (Denavir and famciclovir (Famvir). These agents have made a dramatic impact on the morbidity associated with herpes simplex virus infections and herpes zoster. Topical and oral antiviral use have shown modest but statistically significant efficacy in treating herpes labialis with most studies demonstrating a significant reduction in episode length and/or healing time. Oral acyclovir, valacyclovir and famciclovir are efficacious and safe for the treatment of the first episode and recurrent genital herpes and are useful as suppressive therapy for individuals with frequent genital herpes recurrences. In addition, high doses of oral acyclovir, valacyclovir and famciclovir have been shown to speed the healing of herpes zoster, and data suggests that these agents also decrease associated acute and chronic pain in people of 50 years of age or older. Further research is required to clarify the safety of these agents in pregnant women with genital herpes, the role of antiviral therapy in decreasing the sexual transmission of genital herpes, and the efficacy and cost-effectiveness of these agents in treating herpes zoster in people below the age of 50 years.

Animals↗
PubMed1998

Effect of herbal therapy on herpes labialis and herpes genitalis.

Administration of hot water extracts of six herbs to four patients with recurrent herpes labialis led to prompt crusting over and complete recovery within a few days. Similar treatment for one female patient who had been suffering from recurrent genital herpes resolved the associated pain dramatically. In all cases mentioned, symptoms disappeared much more quickly than with previous outbreaks when herb extracts were not administered.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

Detection of herpes simplex virus DNA in serum and oral secretions during acute recurrent herpes labialis.

Although herpes simplex virus (HSV) has been detected in the peripheral blood of immunocompromised patients and in neonates with disseminated disease, the extent to which the virus may be present in the blood during a localized infection in otherwise healthy patients is still unknown. Literature on patterns of HSV shedding into the oral cavity at the prodromal stage of the disease, during recurrences, and also during asymptomatic periods is still lacking. The present study aims at the detection of HSV DNA in the serum and oral secretions during acute herpes labialis using a highly sensitive technique, the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The study included 10 patients with acute herpes labialis and five healthy controls. Using PCR, herpes simplex virus DNA was detected in the serum of seven patients (70%) and in the saliva of nine patients (90%). One of the control cases showed positive HSV DNA in the saliva (20%). There was good statistical agreement between the presence of HSV DNA in the serum and saliva. Frequency of attacks, patient's age, and gender had no statistically significant effect on the presence of the virus in serum or in saliva. It is concluded that HSV viremia during attacks of recurrent herpes simplex is more frequent than previously appreciated.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed2004

Docosanol: a topical antiviral for herpes labialis.

Recurrent herpes labialis is a painful and potentially disfiguring infection affecting an estimated 40 million people in the US alone. The majority of recurrences are caused by herpes simplex virus type 1. Various oral and topical formulations of nucleoside analogues have demonstrated efficacy for this indication. Over-the-counter treatments are palliative in nature and do not reduce time to healing. Docosanol is a compound with a unique mechanism of action involving viral fusion inhibition. In randomised, clinical trials, a 10% docosanol cream formulation, initiated within 12 h of symptoms onset, demonstrated efficacy in reduction of time-to-healing compared with a polyethylene glycol control. Despite its potential to be a mild irritant, this novel antiviral was well-tolerated in clinical trials. Docosanol is the first topical antiviral approved for over-the-counter use in recurrent herpes labialis.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed1983

Treatment of herpes labialis.

Untreated herpes labialis may take up to 10 days or more to heal and antiviral therapy must be initiated early if it is to be effective. Acyclovir ointment has been reported to have an antiviral effect but no clinical benefit and a newer formulation, acyclovir cream, has been developed in an attempt to enhance skin penetration. In placebo-controlled trials, acyclovir cream shortened the duration of lesions significantly and when therapy was started before vesicles developed, the number of lesions aborting was increased significantly. This therapy was well tolerated by most patients. Topical acyclovir offers hope for the successful management of herpes labialis where systemic therapy is considered inappropriate.

Acyclovir↗
PubMed1997

Detection of herpes simplex virus type 1 shedding in the oral cavity by polymerase chain reaction and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay at the prodromal stage of recrudescent herpes labialis.

Recrudescent herpes labialis (RHL) is a disease caused by herpes simplex virus (HSV), predominantly type 1 (HSV-1). We have monitored HSV-1 shedding in the oral cavity by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) using digoxigenin-labeled primers designed to amplify a 278 bp segment of the HSV-1 UL 42 region. Prodromal RHL was confirmed by thermographic imaging in 22 patients. Infectious virus was not detected using tissue culture for virus isolation (0/22). Using PCR and agarose gel electrophoresis, we could detect HSV-1 DNA in 8/22 patients. Using a biotinylated-probe internal to the predicted sequence of the PCR product, HSV-1 DNA was detected in 10/22 patients by ELISA. We conclude that HSV-1 DNA is shed into the oral cavity of patients presenting with sub-clinical RHL and that the PCR-ELISA technique represents a more sensitive method to monitor HSV-1 shedding than conventional tissue culturing or PCR-electrophoresis alone.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

[Pharma clinics. How I treat ... recurrent herpes labialis].

Recurrent herpes labialis is a frequent disorder. It occurs following the reactivation of the Herpesvirus (HSV1 and more rarely HSV2) inside the Gasser ganglion. Treatment and prevention of recurrent labial herpes are targeted by specific antiviral agents. Spectacular benefits obtained in the immunocompromised patients are less convincing in otherwise healthy subjects. Other prospective ways of therapy are under consideration, including lipopeptides and physical means aiming at modifying the cutaneous pH.

Acyclovir↗
PubMed2003

Allopurinol as a potential therapeutic agent for recurrent herpes labialis.

Recurrent herpes labialis (RHL) occurs in up to 40% of the population. Although the disease is usually self-limiting, patients seek treatment because of the significant pain and visibility of the lesion. Xanthine oxidase inhibitors (XOI) have been reported to have a potent antiviral effect against influenza-A virus. We examined the effect of the systemic xanthine oxidase inhibitor, allopurinol, on RHL duration of illness, severity of symptoms, number and frequency of recurrence during a 4-year follow up period in Egyptian patients. Duration of illness was shortened by about 25%, early disappearance of pain and other symptoms occurred. Also, aborted episodes were noticed when allopurinol was given just after beginning of common colds, at the prodromal stage of RHL or during severe stress conditions. Patients receiving 3 courses of treatment had markedly decreased recurrences during the follow up period. Ex vivo experiments to examine virus-induced plaque formation on Vero cells in the absence or presence of different concentrations of the drug could not prove any direct anti herpetic effect of the drug. However, allopurinol seems to be safe and effective in reducing duration of RHL and to abort lesion or prevent its appearance in treated patients even when they experience immunosuppressive conditions.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Interferon gamma production by herpes simplex virus antigen-specific T cell clones from patients with recurrent herpes labialis.

Nineteen herpes simplex virus (HSV) antigen-specific human T lymphocyte clones were established from three volunteers with recent recurrent herpes labialis. All produced interferon gamma (IFN-gamma) at titres of 200 to 700 units/ml when cultured in vitro with HSV antigen and irradiated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) as filler cells. All 10 of those clones whose phenotype was determined were Leu 4+, Leu 2-, Leu 3+. Interleukin 2 alone failed to induce IFN-gamma in titres greater than 10 units/ml from these clones cultured at 10(4)/0.2 ml/well. However, the effect of different accessory or filler cells on IFN-gamma production by clones was quite marked. For example, high titres were produced when irradiated PBMC or plastic-adherent cells (predominantly monocytes) were added and low titres when macrophages and irradiated Epstein-Barr virus-transformed B (EBV-B) cells were added. When tested for HSV antigen-stimulated IFN production alone, the irradiated PBMC and adherent cells produced low titres, but no detectable interferon was produced by the others. However, with higher concentrations of EBV-B cells, low concentrations of IFN-alpha were occasionally produced. Irradiation strikingly reduced IFN-alpha-production by PBMC. The IFN-alpha and -gamma produced by accessory cells may contribute to total IFN production by priming the production by cloned cells, and acting in synergy with IFN-gamma produced by the cloned cells. Alternatively, the effect may be due to the presence of permissive concentrations of other lymphokines such as the interleukins. Interferon production by cloned T lymphocytes in the presence of non-producing macrophages was maximal within 24 h, much faster than with a similar polyclonal system, although attaining lower titres. EBV-B cells from only one of three patients supported antigen-specific lymphocyte activation. Almost all cells of the three cell lines expressed DR antigens, while DS/DC antigens were also expressed on nearly all cells of the antigen-presenting line and, at lower densities, on two-thirds of the cells of the other two lines.

Antigen-Presenting Cells↗
PubMed1991

[Treatment of recurrent herpes labialis using a herpes simplex Type-I subunit vaccine. A prospective randomized double-blind multicenter study].

A herpes simplex type I subunit vaccine developed by Behring-Werke (Marburg/Lahn, FRG) was compared with placebo for therapeutic effectiveness in the treatment of recurrent orolabial herpes simplex in a multicentre study involving the major hospitals in Frankfurt/Main (n = 34), Hamburg (n = 18), Giessen (n = 17) und Kassel (n = 14). The effectiveness of the vaccine was judged on the reduction in the frequency of recurrences. Within the period of the 8-month study there was no statistically significant difference in the frequency of recurrences with vaccine or placebo. Both placebo and verum led to a significant decrease in the number of recurrences of orolabial herpes simplex, but the effect of placebo was slightly more pronounced.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Detection of herpes simplex virus DNA in the peripheral blood during acute recurrent herpes labialis.

BACKGROUND: Although herpes simplex virus (HSV) has been detected in the peripheral blood of immunocompromised patients and in neonates with disseminated disease, the extent to which this virus may be present in the blood during a localized infection in otherwise healthy adults is unknown. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to determine whether HSV may be detected in the peripheral blood during acute recurrent herpes labialis. METHODS: Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were obtained from otherwise healthy adults with recurrent herpes labialis, both during an acute episode and several weeks after the lesions had healed. The PBMCs were examined for the presence of HSV with the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and viral culture. RESULTS: By PCR, HSV DNA was detected in 7 of 34 specimens from an acute episode but in none of 24 specimens in the convalescent stage (p less than 0.004). PBMCs from seven donors, who were seronegative for HSV, were also negative for HSV by PCR. Viral cultures of 22 PBMC specimens were negative (including four specimens that were positive by PCR). CONCLUSION: The presence of HSV DNA in the blood is a transient phenomenon limited to the period of active infection in a minority of patients with herpes labialis, although it may be important in the development of disseminated disease as well as in the pathogenesis of herpes-associated cutaneous processes such as erythema multiforme.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed2005

Therapeutic options for herpes labialis: experimental and natural therapies.

Herpes labialis, a common condition characterized by recurrent vesicular eruptions primarily on the lips and perioral skin, causes pain and discomfort for millions of adults each year. Over the past several years, the major focus of herpes research has been on the treatment of genital herpes. However, several studies have been conducted to evaluate the efficacy of therapies specifically for herpes labialis. Last year in Cutis, we reviewed oral and topical therapies for herpes labialis. In this final part of the series, we review experimental and natural treatments that are available for herpes labialis and its associated symptoms.

Butylated Hydroxytoluene↗
PubMed1993

Natural history, management and complications of herpes labialis.

Infection with herpes simplex virus (HSV) is a common worldwide problem. Primary infection with HSV-1 rarely causes significant problems although widespread involvement in atopic eczema can be life-threatening as may associated encephalitis. Keratoconjunctivitis, pharyngitis and hepatitis can also complicate primary infection. Twenty to 40% of the population at some stage have recurrent orolabial infections with HSV although in only 1% of these cases is this recurrence severe. Recurrent erythema multiforme appears to be associated with HSV-65% of patients are thought to have preceding herpes labialis. Many primary and recurrent infections with HSV-1 require little more than topical antiseptic therapy to control secondary infection. Systemic acyclovir, however, is indicated in various situations including complicated primary infection, infection in neonates, eczema herpeticum, HSV infections in the immunocompromised, and recurrent erythema multiforme. In the latter, prophylactic treatment with 6 months acyclovir appears to be effective.

Acyclovir↗