[Effect of D-penicillamine on the latex fixation test, hemagglutination test and streptococci-L-agglutination in vitro].
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The experiments with the collection of strains and diagnostic sera available in the USSR confirmed the data contained in the literature on the good prospects of using the indirect hemagglutination test for the serotyping of bacteria belonging to the genus Providencia. Certain differences were observed in cross reactions, revealed by the indirect hemagglutination test and by agglutination: the interrelations of serogroups O14 and O25, O23 and O25, O23 and O29, O29 and O45, O37 and O49, determined by means of the indirect hemagglutination test, could not be detected in the same sera by the slide and tube agglutination tests. For the first time the usefulness of aqueous-saline extracts of agar cultures in the indirect hemagglutination inhibition test to specify more precisely the interrelations between individual bacterial serogroups of the genus Providencia has been shown.
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A complement fixation test modified by the addition of porcine serum and an indirect hemagglutination test were used to detect antibodies to Pseudomonas pseudomallei in pigs. These tests together with cultural examinations were carried out with 250 pigs. The sensitivity and specificity values were 79.3 and 99.5% and 82.8 and 93.2% for the modified complement fixation and hemagglutination tests, respectively. When results from the combination of both tests were considered, the values were 86.2 and 92.8%, respectively.
Passive hemagglutination test was carried out at several incubation temperatures: 4, 21, 37, and 56 degrees C. Blood sera of donors, salmonellosis enteritidis patients, and specific nonadsorbed sera were used in the study. The least fluctuations of the results were seen in tests with the sera with the least manifest immune properties. The optimal incubation temperatures were found 4 and 21 degrees C, and in 1/3 of cases cold incubation was found preferable. The relationship between antibody titers and incubation temperature may be described by the formula: T4 > or = T21 > or = T37 > or = T56, with Tn representing the reverse value of antibody titer in certain incubation temperature.
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A case control study to evaluate the occult blood screening for colorectal cancer was conducted in a town where colorectal cancer screening had been performed by Hemoccult test during the early years and subsequently by an immunochemical hemagglutination test. All residents aged >/=40 years had been offered the annual screening. Case series consisted of 51 subjects with fatal colorectal cancer. Three controls per case were selected from the list of residents who were alive at the time of diagnosis of the corresponding case and had been living in the town, matched by gender and by age. The odds ratio (OR) of dying of colorectal cancer for those having their most recent screening histories with Hemoccult test or the immunochemical test during the preceding 1 year and 1-2 year segment before case diagnosis were 0.20 [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.08-0.49] and 0. 17 (95% CI: 0.04-0.75), respectively. The OR increased towards 1.0 as the number of years since the most recent screening increased. The OR of dying of colorectal cancer was calculated to be 0.19 (95% CI: 0.05-0.70) for those screened with the immunochemical test alone during the preceding 1 year after adjustment for previous screening histories with the Hemoccult test. Corresponding OR was 0.36 (95% CI: 0.11-1.17) for those screened with Hemoccult test during the preceding 1 year. These results suggest that screening for colorectal cancer by fecal occult blood testings or immunochemical test alone would reduce mortality and that efficacy of the screening would be higher for the immunochemical test than for Hemoccult test.
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A passive hemagglutination test was developed to detect antibody response to Moraxella bovis in tears. Tannic acid-treated sheep erythrocytes were sensitized with sonicated antigen prepared from M bovis cultures. The test was found to be a relatively simple, specific, and reliable procedure for titrating antibodies in lacrimal secretions. The hemagglutination test could be a valuable method for seroepizootiologic investigation of infectious bovine keratoconjunctivitis.