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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2004

Development of the Korean version of Short-Form 36-Item Health Survey: health related QOL of healthy elderly people and elderly patients in Korea.

The health-related QOL (HRQOL) has been used extensively in clinical and epidemiological research and health service studies. Especially, the Medical Outcome Study Short-form 36-Item Health Survey (SF-36) is a widely used health status measure. However, a Korean version has not been developed and tested yet. The purpose of this study was to develop a Korean version of the Short-form Health Survey (SF-36) for use in health related quality of life measurements for Korean elderly people. SF-36 data from 90 healthy elderly people using Social Education Service and 120 elderly patients using a day care service in Seoul, Korea, were examined. We translated SF-36 version 2.0 into Korean and assessed its reliability and validity. In the results, the content validity and discriminant validity were found to be satisfactory. Cronbach's alpha coefficients ranged from 0.9298 to 0.9383. The test-retest reliability coefficients ranged from 0.710 to 0.895. In addition, the utility was examined by testing the correlation between the health-related QOL and related factors (sex, age, motor function, ability of daily life) among the elderly people. The present findings suggested that the Korean version of SF-36 would be useful as a measure of the health related QOL in Korean elderly people.

Age Factors↗
PubMed2000

The relation between hip fracture and alzheimer's disease in the canadian national population health survey health institutions data, 1994-1995. A cross-sectional study.

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study is to examine the relation between hip fractures and Alzheimer's disease in institutionalized men and women who participated in the 1994-1995 Canadian National Population Health Survey (NPHS).METHODS: Participants in the institutional component of NPHS were randomly chosen from selected health care institutions from all provinces in Canada. A questionnaire, which assessed health, demographic and socio-economic status, risk factors, medication use, and falls, was administered by an interviewer. Proxy respondents were sought for residents who were ill or incapacitated. Logistic regression was used to examine the association between hip fractures and Alzheimer's disease in 408 men and 1105 women >/=65 years. Models were examined with either hip fracture or Alzheimer's disease as the dependent variable. Covariates that were assessed included osteoporosis, age group, sex, medications, reported falls and comorbid conditions.RESULTS: All hip fractures reported in this survey were the result of a fall, however only 3.7% of falls resulted in a hip fracture. Those who had sustained a hip fracture were more likely to have Alzheimer's disease (OR 2.0, 95% CI 1.1-3.5), osteoporosis (OR 4.3, 95% CI 2.5-7.4) and heart disease (OR 2.4, 95% CI 1.1-5.0). Respondents who had Alzheimer's disease were more likely to have sustained a hip fracture (OR 2.1 95% CI 1.2-3.6), to have osteoporosis (OR 1.9, 95% CI 1.5-2.5), and to have fallen (OR 1.4, 95% CI 1.1-1.8) and were less likely to be taking anti-psychotic medication (OR 0.4, 95% CI 0.3-0.6) than those with no diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease.CONCLUSIONS: There is an association between Alzheimer's disease and hip fractures that is independent of other covariates in this representative sample of institutionalized elderly Canadians.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1996

Modelling the sampling design in the analysis of health surveys.

Health surveys typically have stratified multistage clustered designs in which individuals are sampled with differing probabilities. The sampling design is taken into account in a classical survey analysis by using sample-weighted estimators and variance estimators calculated at the primary-sampling-unit level. In this paper we investigate the possibility of modelling the sampling design using fixed and random effects to redefine target parameters, improve estimators of standard target parameters and improve standard variance estimators. References in which this type of additional modelling was used in health surveys are given. The problem of estimating population variance components is discussed in some detail, with an application involving estimation of between- and within-family variance components in the Hispanic Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMed2003

Comparison of health estimates between Victorian Population Health Surveys and National Health Surveys.

OBJECTIVE: The computer-assisted telephone interviewing (CATI) method has grown rapidly in recent years as an epidemiological tool for obtaining data on health issues. However, it is still argued that coverage, methods and lower response rates from CATI surveys compared with face-to-face interviewing may have an impact on the validity of the health estimates obtained. This paper compares demographic and health estimates from the Victorian Population Health Survey (VPHS) 2001, using CATI, with the National Health Survey (NHS) 2001 that is based on face-to-face interviews. METHODS: The profiles of the VPHS (2001) and NHS (2001) respondents were compared, specifically demographic characteristics (age, gender, marital status, country of birth, and employment status) and health-related estimates such as self-reported health status, prevalence of diabetes and asthma, smoking status, daily intake of fruit, categories of psychological distress and private health insurance status. RESULTS: In both surveys, the demographic characteristics and health-related estimates of the adult population were remarkably similar as shown by the similarity of weighted estimates and overlapping confidence intervals. CONCLUSIONS: The degree to which derived estimates correspond in the two independent surveys lends support to the reliability of the CATI method used for collection of routine population health related data.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2005

The Canadian Community Health Survey: mental health and well-being.

As part of the Canadian Community Health Survey (CCHS) biennial strategy, the provincial survey component of the first CCHS cycle (Cycle 1.2) focused on different aspects of the mental health and well-being of Canadians living in private dwellings. Moreover, the survey collected data on prevalences of specific mental disorders and problems, use of mental health services, and economic and personal costs of having a mental illness. Data collection began in May 2002 and extended over 8 months. More than 85% of all interviews were conducted face-to-face and used a computer-assisted application. The survey obtained a national response rate of 77%. This paper describes several key aspects of the questionnaire content, the sample design, interviewer training, and data collection procedures. A brief overview of the CCHS regional component (Cycle 1.1) is also given.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

Methodological issues in adolescent health surveys: the case of the Swiss Multicenter-adolescent Survey on Health.

In many countries, health care and prevention professionals face serious lack of data regarding health status, health care utilisation and lifestyles of adolescents. With reference to a survey on health and lifestyles of Swiss teenagers 15-20 years old, this paper reviews the different methodological issues linked with the conception and the realization of such a study. The main objective of the so-called "SMASH" project (Swiss Multicentric Adolescent Survey on Health) is, like other similar researches, to gather health indicators; that is, to measure attitudes and behaviour regarding different aspects of health and lifestyles, to identify the perceived health needs of the respondents and to describe their utilisation of health care services. The main issues which are addressed in the paper are related to: 1) the choice of the channel and the instrument to be used (telephone, vs. face-to-face interview vs. self-administered questionnaire; 2) the sampling procedures (pure random vs. cluster school-based samples; size of the sample); 3) the design and the content of the questionnaire (choice of the areas to be covered, selection and wording of the questions); 4) the ethical considerations linked with the collection of data. One of the specificities of SMASH is the inclusion of youth participation at various steps and levels: the design of the questionnaire, the strategies used to gather the data, and the analysis of the results. Two important issues emerge from this review. First, the importance in the future of being able to rely on common indicators that could be used in different countries and settings through the construction of a validated instrument. Second, the fact that most of the surveys conducted in this field neglect several sub-populations of adolescents with special and important needs: handicapped adolescents, drop-outs and recent immigrants coming either as unskilled workers or as refugees. Surveys in such special in-need groups will have to be planned with specific designs, both in terms of content and of approach.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1999

Short Form 36 (SF-36) Health Survey questionnaire: which normative data should be used? Comparisons between the norms provided by the Omnibus Survey in Britain, the Health Survey for England and the Oxford Healthy Life Survey.

BACKGROUND: Population norms for the attributes included in measurement scales are required to provide a standard with which scores from other study populations can be compared. This study aimed to obtain population norms for the Short Form 36 (SF-36) Health Survey Questionnaire, derived from a random sample of the population in Britain who were interviewed at home, and to make comparisons with other commonly used norms. METHODS: The method was a face-to-face interview survey of a random sample of 2056 adults living at home in Britain (response rate 78 per cent). Comparisons of the SF-36 scores derived from this sample were made with the Health Survey for England and the Oxford Healthy Life Survey. RESULTS: Controlling for age and sex, many of mean scores on the SF-36 dimensions differed between the three datasets. The British interview sample had better total means for Physical Functioning, Social Functioning, Mental Health, Energy/Vitality, and General Health Perceptions. The Health (interview) Survey for England had the lowest (worst) total mean scores for Physical Functioning, Social Functioning, Role Limitations (physical), Bodily Pain, and Health Perceptions. The postal sample in central England had the lowest (worst) total mean scores for Role Limitations (emotional), Mental Health and Energy/Vitality. CONCLUSION: Responses obtained from interview methods may suffer more from social desirability bias (resulting in inflated SF-36 scores) than postal surveys. Differences in SF-36 means between surveys are also likely to reflect question order and contextual effects of the questionnaires. This indicates the importance of providing mode-specific population norms for the various methods of questionnaire administration.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

Leisure-time physical activity patterns in the U.S. diabetic population. Findings from the 1990 National Health Interview Survey--Health Promotion and Disease Prevention Supplement.

OBJECTIVE: Despite the scientific community's recognition of the importance of exercise, little is known about the epidemiology of exercise among persons with diabetes in the U.S. Our goals were to examine whether people with diabetes were more sedentary than people without diabetes, to examine the effect of activity limitations on the prevalence of exercise, and to examine whether the choice of activities differs among people with and without diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: We examined the 1990 Health Promotion and Disease Prevention Supplement of the National Health Interview Survey to describe leisure-time physical activity patterns in a representative sample of the U.S. population with diabetes. RESULTS: People with diabetes were less likely to report exercising regularly than people without this disease (34.3 +/- 2.2% vs. 40.9 +/- 0.5%, P < 0.05). When the data were stratified by activity limitation status, no significant differences were observed. People with diabetes were equally likely to have engaged in exercise in the preceding 2 weeks and to have expended > or = 2,000 kcal/week as people without diabetes. Walking was the activity of choice for both groups: 49.2 +/- 2.1% of people with diabetes reported walking during the previous 2 weeks compared with 44.2 +/- 0.5% of people without diabetes (P < 0.05). People with diabetes were less likely to engage in jogging, aerobics, dancing, calisthenics, bicycling, weight lifting, several ball sports, and skiing than people without diabetes. CONCLUSIONS: After adjusting for activity limitations and age, people with and without diabetes are equally likely to exercise. The majority of people with diabetes, like their nondiabetic counterparts, are not meeting national physical activity goals. Individuals with diabetes should be encouraged to exercise regularly in accordance with their capabilities, physical limitations, and personal interests.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

The contribution of community health surveys to aboriginal health in the 1990s.

Community health surveys take place in many Aboriginal communities. We considered these surveys to determine their potential to contribute to Aboriginal health in the 1990s. Community health surveys--also known as health audits, community health screenings or check-ups--usually consist of a team of health professionals travelling to an Aboriginal community to measure a wide variety of parameters on as many of the people in the community as possible. For the individual participant, community health surveys represent a sporadic screening program which should meet the World Health Organization's criteria for screening. From the population health perspective, these surveys represent prevalence surveys which may contribute little new knowledge regarding Aboriginal health and do not, of themselves, change the urgent need for preventive health programs. Community health surveys should meet minimum scientific standards (i.e. have a clearly stated aim and use valid measurements and statistical techniques) and should incorporate practically feasible protocols and services for the follow-up of individuals with screen-detected abnormalities. They must have ethical and community approval and incorporate genuine consultation and feedback of results to the Aboriginal communities involved, in order for them to be justified.

Australia↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Comparison of preference-based utilities of the Short-Form 36 Health Survey and Health Utilities Index before and after treatment of patients with intermittent claudication.

The authors compared SF-36 utilities with Health Utilities Index (HUI) utilities (HUI2 and HUI3) assessed in patients with intermittent claudication. A total of 87 patients with intermittent claudication completed the SF-36 and HUI before and 1, 3, and 12 months after revascularization. Utilities were estimated using SF-36 and HUI published algorithms (i.e., both algorithms were based on standard-gamble utilities assessed in random samples of the general population). The utilities were compared using repeated-measures multivariate analysis of variance, paired t tests, and univariate linear regression analyses. Before treatment, the mean SF-36 and HUI3 utilities were the same (0.66 vs. 0.66, P = 0.92) and less than the mean HUI2 utility (0.70, P = 0.02). After treatment, all utilities showed improvement from before treatment (P < 0.05); the gain in utilities from treatment was lowest when using the SF-36 (e.g., 0.74, 0.80, 0.77 at 3 months for the SF-36, HUI2, and HUI3, respectively). The correlations of changes over time of the SF-36 with HUI2 utilities and of the SF-36 with HUI3 utilities were 0.39 and 0.49, respectively. The relationships between the SF-36 and HUI2 or HUI3 utilities were moderate to good (i.e., range-adjusted R2 = 31% to 72%). The results suggest that SF-36 data can be transformed to preference-based utilities and be used for economic evaluation in health care. The gain in utilities from treatment, however, was less for SF-36 utilities than for HUI utilities.

Algorithms↗
PubMed1998

Gender differences in accessing cardiac surgery across England: a cross-sectional analysis of the health survey for England.

OBJECTIVE: To examine gender differences in access to cardiac surgery in a nationally representative sample. DESIGN: Nationwide cross sectional household based survey (Health Survey for England). SETTING: Private households in England around 1993 and 1994. SUBJECTS: 1708 subjects reporting a history of either doctor diagnosed angina or heart attack from a stratified random sample of 32 378 people aged 16 and above. OUTCOME MEASURE: The proportion reporting having had cardiac surgery or on a waiting list. RESULTS: 13.5% reported previous (n = 206) or pending (n = 25) cardiac surgery. Men were more likely than women to have had or to be waiting for cardiac surgery (19.1% of men versus 6.8% of women, chi2 54.7, P<0.001). This finding was consistent regardless of age group and across three regional areas. The unadjusted odds ratio for cardiac surgery for men versus women was 3.3 (95% Cl 2.3, 4.5, P<0.001) and was only slightly attenuated to 2.8 (95% CI 1.9, 4.0. P<0.001), after adjustment for other factors. The gender difference remained even when analysis was restricted to subjects reporting a previous heart attack, and after statistical adjustment for disease severity. CONCLUSION: Women are less likely than men to receive cardiac surgery across all age groups and regional areas. These results include private operations and adjust for individual behavioural data. Neither disease severity or co-morbidity explains these discrepancies. Further studies are required to determine why this inequality occurs and how it can be addressed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

A survey of oral health in a population of adults with developmental disabilities: comparison with a national oral health survey of the general population.

During 1991, an oral health assessment of 101 adults with developmental disabilities aged from 21 to 53 years was undertaken as part of a broader health survey which also included medical, psychological and nutritional assessments. The study group consisted of a random sample of adults chosen from the developmentally disabled population known to be living in the lower North Shore area of Sydney. This paper describes the results of the oral health assessment and compares them with an oral health survey of the Australian population done in 1987/88. Forty-six per cent of the study group were males (mean age 33.5 years) and 54 per cent were females (mean age 33.0 years). Compared with similar age subgroups in the Australian population, the following factors were more frequently reported in the developmentally disabled group: a dental visit in the last 12 months (65 per cent vs 50 per cent; Odds Ratio (OR) 1.9:95 per cent Confidence Interval (CI): 1.3-2.8); use of public rather than private dental services (42 per cent vs 6 per cent; OR 11.3:95% CI 7.5-16.9); oral mucosal pathology requiring treatment (15 per cent vs 2 per cent; OR 8.5:95% CI 5.2-13.8); severe periodontal disease (16 per cent vs 3 per cent; OR 6.9:95% CI 4.2-11.4); and moderate to severe malocclusion (26 per cent vs 11 per cent; OR 2.1:95% CI 1.3-3.5). Fifty-eight per cent of subjects felt they needed no dental treatment but on examination of the oral mucosa, periodontal tissues and teeth, over 90 per cent were found to require some sort of dental treatment.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

Obesity in bipolar disorder and major depressive disorder: results from a national community health survey on mental health and well-being.

OBJECTIVE: We aimed to ascertain the prevalence of obesity in individuals with a mood disorder (MD) (that is, bipolar disorder or major depressive disorder), compared with the general population. We further aimed to examine the likelihood of an association between obesity and MD, while controlling for the influence of sociodemographic variables. METHOD: The analysis was based on data from Statistics Canada's Canadian Community Health Survey: Mental Health and Well-Being (CCHS 1.2), conducted in 2002. The sample (n = 36 984; > or = aged 15 years) was drawn from the Canadian household-dwelling population. The CCHS used diagnostic criteria outlined in the DSM-IV to screen respondents. RESULTS: Individuals with a lifetime history of MD were more likely to be obese (body mass index [BMI] > 30) than were individuals without lifetime MD (19%, compared with 15%, respectively; P < 0.001). In sex-specific multivariate analysis, lifetime MD was associated with elevated odds of obesity in female respondents (95%CI, 1.03 to 1.46, odds ratio 1.22), but not in male respondents. Antipsychotic pharmacotherapy was also associated with obesity. CONCLUSIONS: This is the first Canadian epidemiologic investigation to specifically evaluate anthropometric indices and associated factors in people with MDs. The results herein supplement substantial clinical evidence documenting the association between MDs and stress-sensitive somatic disorders (for example, obesity). These data also underscore the metabolic consequences of some psychotropic agents.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2002

[The Child and Adolescent Health Survey: collection of health behavior data from parents and children].

The first German Health Survey for Children and Adolescents will start in 2003. During three years, a representative sample of children and adolescents between 0 and 18 years of age shall be examined and will, together with their parents, be interviewed on health-relevant issues. With this survey, health information on about 18,000 children will be gathered. The health behaviour of the parents as far as their children's health is concerned, as well as the personal health behaviour during adolescence will be assessed, since this will be highly relevant for future health. Questions on nutrition behaviour, eating disorders, alcohol consumption, smoking as well as leisure-time behaviour, with special emphasis on physical activity, will be asked. These questions were tested for feasibility in a one-year pilot study. With this survey, the occurrence of certain unhealthy behaviour characteristics may be documented and risk groups may be identified. This may help to conceptualize prevention measures.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

Usefulness of the SF-36 Health Survey in measuring health outcomes in the depressed elderly.

Longitudinal data from a clinical trial were analyzed to evaluate the usefulness of the SF-36 Health Survey in estimating the impact of depression and changes in severity over time on the functional health and well-being of 532 patients, 60 to 86 years of age, who met DSM-III-R criteria for major depressive disorder. The Hamilton Depression Rating Scale, the Clinician's Global Impression of Severity and Improvement, and the Geriatric Depression Scale were used to define clinical severity and changes in severity over a 6-week period. Answers to SF-36 questions tended to be complete and to satisfy assumptions underlying methods of scale construction and scoring. As hypothesized, the SF-36 Mental Health Scale and Mental Component Summary measure, shown in previous studies to be most valid in measuring differences in mental health, exhibited the strongest associations with severity of depression in cross-sectional analyses and were most responsive to changes in severity in longitudinal comparisons. We conclude that the SF-36 Health Survey is useful for estimating the burden of depression and in monitoring changes in functional health and well-being over time among the depressed elderly.

Activities of Daily Living↗