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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources

Voluntary coordination as a strategy of plan implementation for health systems agencies.

Health planning agencies are faced with the difficult mission of guiding change within a large complex social system whose power is dispersed. Initial short- and long-range plans have been established as frameworks, and now the major focus is implementation. Regulation (non-voluntary coordination) and voluntary coordination are the major means of implementation. Voluntary coordination is a significant strategy for consideration by Health Systems Agencies (HSAs). It may interact with regulation as a competitor, substitute, or complement. Because of limited regulatory powers, HSAs are dependent upon voluntary coordination as a major means of influencing behavior. Conflict, a major feature of voluntary coordination, has the potential of being used as a constructive means for dialogue; negotiation and bargaining may become positive approaches to arriving at decisions. Legitimized community authority is the primary source of authority in a strategy dominated by voluntary coordination as contrasted to state or federal mandates in a regulatory strategy. Knowledge of the environment within which the HSA operates will assist HSA staff and board to arrive at rational and realistic decisions.

Cooperative Behavior

Industrial hygiene and national health objectives for the year 2000.

Industrial hygiene can have a powerful effect on family, community, and environmental health in addition to its effect on occupational health. Contemporary industrial hygiene begins in the workplace, but its impact can spread and improve the health status of the nation in several ways. Thirteen objectives for industrial hygiene are presented in this report. Industrial hygienists should know what the objectives are, how the objectives are useful to their practice, and how they can help to achieve them to improve the health of Americans.

Forecasting

The President's Committee on Health Education: a 20-year retrospective on its politics and policy impact.

The President's Committee on Health Education was created by Richard M. Nixon in September 1971 and submitted its final report in September 1973. The committee resulted from the convergence of (1) a perceived national domestic policy need in response to escalating medical costs, (2) Nixon's personal and political ambitions, and (3) the dynamic political context of the late 1960s and early 1970s. Its work led to both private and public initiatives designed to influence the public's health through education; its findings and recommendations also laid the foundation for the National Consumer Health Information and Health Promotion Act of 1976 and thus contributed significantly to the development of subsequent national policy in health promotion and disease prevention. This paper places the work and contributions of the committee into historical perspective by analyzing the committee's origins and methods and the underlying politics that shaped its work and final report. The impact of the President's Committee is traced from the emergence of health education in the early 1970s as a potentially cost-effective alternative to medical care to the pivotal role health education now plays in health promotion and disease prevention efforts.

Consumer Advocacy

Participating in health planning.

The implementation of the Health Planning and Resources Development Act of 1974 (P.L. 93-641) brought about the realization that occupational therapists can and should participate in a formalized manner in the health planning process. Successful attempts by District V of the Iowa Occupational Therapy Association, and by the Iowa Occupational Therapy Association, to seat an occupational therapist on the governing board of the Illowa Health Systems Agency and on the Iowa State Health Coordinating Council yielded a greater understanding of the law and of the activities of health systems agencies. This article describes the process of selecting representatives for health systems agencies governing boards as it pertains to allied health professionals.

Governing Board

Implementing formative health planning under PL 93-641.

The National Health Planning and Resources Development Act of 1974 (PL 93-641) melds the Hill-Burton program, Regional Medical Program and Comprehensive Health Planning into a new network for health planning and resources development. Health-systems agencies will possess broader powers than predecessor agencies, particularly in the areas of regulation, control of federal funds, resources development and implementation. PL 93-641 thus offers the possibility of transforming the basic concept of health planning from reactive to "proactive." Successful legislative implementaion will require each health-systems agency to build local legitimacy, ensure constructive consumer/provider dialogue, and respond to state and national managerial requirements. Many questions about planning implementation, the role of subarea councils, agency co-ordination and local governance remain unresolved. The new health-planning network has the potential to assume the function of active system transformation, but will be critically dependent on adequate program budgeting to fulfill this promise. (N Engl J Med 295:698-703, 1976).

Delivery of Health Care

The role of the cancer registry in cancer control.

It has been accepted generally that the cancer registry has more of a 'back room' than a 'front line' role in cancer control, its particular responsibilities lying in description of cancer patterns, care, and outcome, in monitoring these variables in relation to control activities, and in providing a research database--often, for others to utilize. While readily justifiable, this prevailing concept of the cancer registry's role may not be sustainable in times of economic restraint. A survey of members of the International Association of Cancer Registries showed that most registries fit the accepted mold. Some, however, extend beyond it, particularly in the direct conduct of epidemiologic research and in the implementation of control programs, particularly screening. Sixteen percent appeared only to be collecting incidence statistics and may be at risk of economic rationalization. It would be consonant with their basic role and skills, and promote more rational cancer control, if cancer registries were to take on an expanded role, including direct participation in epidemiologic research, evaluation of interventions against cancer at the population level, situation analysis and cancer control planning, and implementation of aspects of cancer control--particularly coordination of screening--and monitoring the performance of cancer control programs. This expanded role could become the responsibility of specialized cancer control units of which cancer registration would be the central function.

Cancer Care Facilities

Building community-based service systems for children with special needs: the Michigan Locally Based Services program.

The philosophy of the Michigan Department of Public Health, Division of Children's Special Health Care Services (DCSHCS) program holds that children with special health care needs have a right to every opportunity for self-support and self-fulfillment. To assist families, the program historically has provided support with medical care and treatment payments. Likewise, local health departments have shared in the process of supporting families of children with special health care needs. A growing awareness that these families experience a variety of other needs not directly attended to by these mechanisms led the Division to respond further to those needs. The response was aimed toward increasing the capacity to locate clients and provide family assessments, and, where necessary, case management services at the local community level. The implementation, on-going program development, stabilization, and future trends of the Locally Based Services program are described from the varying perspectives of the state and a local health department.

Child