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Results for “HEPATIC VEINS”

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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1993

Hepatic vein, hepatic parenchymal, and inferior vena caval mechanoreceptors with phrenic afferents.

Dogs were anesthetized with pentobarbital sodium and placed on positive-pressure ventilation. The right phrenic nerve and/or its C5 branch were prepared for afferent recording. The hepatic veins, hepatic parenchyma, diaphragm, and inferior vena cava were studied for mechanoreceptors using light pressure and stroking as the stimuli. Mechanosensitive areas were found in the hepatic veins, hepatic parenchyma of the right medial lobe, and inferior vena cava. The hepatic vein and inferior vena caval receptors are located in the same 1- to 2-cm region as the sphincters that are found in these vessels. This study presents the first experimental evidence for the existence of hepatic vein receptors, hepatic parenchymal receptors, and inferior vena caval mechanoreceptors with phrenic afferents in the dog. These sensory areas of the circulation may be involved in the neural control of venous return as well as mediating changes in intrahepatic and portal venous blood pressure during normal respiration.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

[Portal vein and hepatic vein thrombosis in occult myeloproliferative syndrome. Progression of thrombosis under heparin therapy].

In a 45-year-old woman presenting with subacute liver failure and portal hypertension the diagnostic workup revealed portal vein thrombosis and occlusion of small hepatic veins. An occult myeloproliferative syndrome was assumed. During full-dose heparin therapy the thrombotic process progressed to segmental venous small bowel infarctions, liver failure and death. In-vitro culture of mononuclear blood cells showed spontaneous growth of erythroid precursor cells. Necropsy demonstrated acute hemorrhagic necrosis of the liver, thrombotic material within the portal and mesenteric veins, thrombosis, dilatation, sclerosis, and partial obliteration of small portal vein branches, and obliterative fibrosis and thrombosis of small intrahepatic veins. The bone marrow and spleen findings support the diagnosis of a myeloproliferative disorder.

Fatal Outcome↗
PubMed1975

[Reversal of portal flow by obstruction of the hepatic veins by hepatic tumours (author's transl)].

Hepatic tumours may, in the course of their development, compress or invade the hepatic veins, causing in a certain way a secondary Budd-Chiari syndrome of neoplastic origin. This results in reversal of the intrahepatic portal flow in the corresponding area, easily seen at arteriography. Hepatic arteriography shows retrograde opacification of intra-hepatic portal branches (arterio-portal reflux) which is the direct sign. Return ileoportography shows the functional absence of those portal branches in which current is reversed which is the indirect sign. This haemodynamic anomaly seen at arteriography is particularly interesting when the responsible tumour is an invasive and avascular carcinoma of the liver, as was the case with our two patients, since it represents the only angiographic sign from which the diagnosis may be made, there being neither hypervascularisation nor evidence of a mass.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Portal vein or hepatic vein? A curious aberrant vasculature in the liver with idiopathic portal hypertension.

The existence of aberrant vasculatures has been described as one of the characteristic findings in the liver with idiopathic portal hypertension (IPH). In this paper, the morphological features and the genesis of aberrant vasculatures were studied on the basis of autopsy and biopsy materials of IPH and animal experiments. Aberrant vasculatures in IPH livers are characterized as thin-walled vessels located mainly adjacent to the portal tracts and at times in the hepatic lobules. Although some of them are morphologically very similar to hepatic vein branches, they are portal in nature. These aberrant vessels develop in order to compensate for portal circulatory insufficiency due to obliteration of portal vein branches, and play an important role in maintaining an adequate blood supply to the parenchyma. It is predicted that decrease of these intrahepatic collateral vessels is responsible for or related to parenchymal atrophy and deterioration of liver function in the advanced stage of this disease. We regard these vasculatures as characteristic of the intrahepatic portal venous obstruction, particularly with portal hypertension accompanied by increased portal blood flow.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Mixed hepatocellular carcinoma and cholangiocarcinoma treated by extended left hepatic lobectomy with resection of the right hepatic vein and preservation of the inferior right hepatic vein after hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy.

We herein describe a patient with a giant mixed hepatocellular carcinoma and cholangiocarcinoma (MHC) surrounding the inferior vena cava (IVC). The patient was treated by extended left hepatic lobectomy with resection of the main right, left and middle hepatic veins and preservation of the inferior right hepatic vein (IRHV) after hepatic arterial infusion (HAI) chemotherapy. The patient died of distant metastases 4 years after initial HAI chemotherapy. As there is no hope of cure with HAI alone in the patients with MHC, this operative procedure even after HAI is recommended for patients with reduced liver function, tumor involving the RHV and surrounding the IVC.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

A simple method of obtaining multiple blood samples from the portal vein and the hepatic vein in the rat in vivo.

A very simple and rapid technique for inserting a catheter in the portal vein and the hepatic vein in the anesthesized rat in vivo is described. The pointed, saline-containing PE tubing is frozen in liquid nitrogen, whereupon it is used as a 'needle' to insert the catheter into the blood vessel. Multiple blood samples can be obtained from the portal and the hepatic vein at the same time, so that in situ extraction of drugs by the liver can be measured in vivo, since hepatic blood flow is uninterrupted.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Four new hepatectomy procedures for resection of the right hepatic vein and preservation of the inferior right hepatic vein.

Among the accessory hepatic veins, the thickest one is the IRHV and is a significant vessel in 20 to 24 per cent of the patients. In these patients, if the right hepatic vein is totally resected, the right posteroinferior area can be preserved with the IRHV. Four types of hepatectomies n which the IRHV was preserved were proposed and three of the four procedures were performed upon five patients. In these five operations, the hepatectomies were successfully performed and blood losses were from 1,020 to 3,200 milliliters. These operative procedures, which have not been described before, could widen the indication of hepatectomy in patients with reduced liver function and tumor involving the right hepatic vein. In order to perform these operative procedures successfully, intraoperative sonography is indispensable.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Portal vein replacement by hepatic vein transposition.

Successful reconstruction after portal vein resection in extended liver surgery has been performed by end-to-end anastomosis, patch, or graft interposition. Previously described techniques to obtain venous grafts for portal replacement necessarily have either an additional incision or an unsuitable diameter. We developed a new method of portal vein replacement using the excised hepatic vein. This technique can be applied in major liver resections for tumors infiltrating the portal vein that have a safe distance from the hepatic vein.

Hepatic Veins↗
PubMed1991

Effect of left hepatic vein ligation on hepatic circulation, function, and microanatomy in dogs.

Eighteen healthy dogs were allotted to 3 groups (n = 6 dogs each). All dogs were evaluated at the beginning of the study by complete physical examination; total and differential WBC counts; serum biochemical analysis (alanine transaminase and alkaline phosphatase activities and bilirubin and albumin concentrations); sulfobromophthalein excretion, ammonia tolerance, and glucagon response testing; portal and intraparenchymal pressure determinations; operative mesenteric portography; and histologic assessment of hepatic biopsy specimens. The left hepatic vein was ligated completely in dogs of groups 1 and 2. Group-3 (control) dogs had a ligature placed loosely around the left hepatic vein. Dogs of groups 1 and 3 were reevaluated 24 hours after surgery by use of the aforementioned hematologic and biochemical tests. Group-1 dogs were reevaluated by use of portal and intraparenchymal pressure determinations, jejunal vein portography, and complete necropsy at 48 hours after surgery. At 4 weeks after surgery, dogs of groups 2 and 3 were reevaluated by use of all aforementioned tests. Results indicated transient hepatic congestion, which resolved by the fourth postoperative week. Longstanding effect on hepatic structure, circulation, or function was not found. We concluded that left hepatic vein ligation in clinically normal dogs does not cause severe or permanent liver damage.

Alanine Transaminase↗
PubMed1984

Sonography of caudal hepatic veins in children. Incidence, importance and relation to cranial hepatic veins.

In 200 unselected upper abdominal sonographies in children the hepatic venous anatomy was examined with special reference to caudal hepatic veins. In 42% of patients caudal hepatic veins could be demonstrated sonographically, while large caudal hepatic veins could be shown in 12.5% of patients. The large caudal hepatic veins always drained from the posterior-inferior or posterior-lateral parts of the liver complementing the right (cranial) hepatic vein. When the size of the right cranial hepatic vein was small the caudal hepatic vein(s) were large. Sonographic demonstration of a small right hepatic vein is a useful indicator of large caudal hepatic veins, and the relative sizes of the cranial and caudal veins are inversely proportional.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

Vascular endostapler as aid to hepatic vein control during hepatic resections.

Significant hemorrhage during hepatic resections for malignancies can result in increased mortality due to liver failure or acute blood loss. Massive hemorrhage is often related to loss of control or injury to the hepatic veins or inferior vena cava. Prevention or reduction of intraoperative blood loss, through improved surgical techniques and increased operator experience, can significantly reduce postoperative morbidity and mortality. Although the use of continuous or intermittent clamping of the portal triad structures (Pringle maneuver) has reduced the incidence of bleeding during hepatic transections, the hepatic vein ligation step of liver resections continues to be a possible source of major blood loss. Because of its safety, rapidity, and ease of application, the EndoGIA 30V vascular stapler is presented as an efficient means for controlling and dividing the major hepatic veins. In skilled hands, this stapling device can contribute to a reduction in incidence and risk of major intraoperative bleeding during hepatectomy. The critical factor to ensuring postoperative morbidity reduction, however, is the surgeon's experience in major hepatic resection procedures.

Blood Loss, Surgical↗
PubMed2001

Renal cell carcinoma invading the hepatic veins.

BACKGROUND: Hepatic vein invasion by renal cell carcinoma with inferior vena cava tumor thrombus is relatively uncommon. The Budd-Chiari syndrome that results from obstruction of the suprahepatic venous drainage by the tumor could evolve toward liver fibrosis and death. Early diagnosis and surgical treatment of this condition is of prime importance. Complete mobilization of the liver and rotation of the inferior vena cava enhances exposure of the ostium of the hepatic veins. This maneuver allows for the complete removal of tumor from the hepatic veins and decompression of the liver. METHODS: Between May 1997 and April 2000, four patients with renal cell carcinoma and inferior vena cava thrombus with hepatic vein invasion underwent surgery at the study institution. Three of the patients had Budd-Chiari syndrome. Surgical techniques were developed to handle these difficult tumors safely. RESULTS: Three patients presented with the Budd-Chiari syndrome, one of whom was found to have severe liver failure before surgery. The fourth patient presented with a hepatic vein tumor thrombus. A caval atrial thrombus and hepatic vein thrombus in one patient were removed successfully without opening the chest. Three patients required cardiopulmonary bypass. Hypothermic arrest was required in one patient. At the time of last follow-up, 2 patients were alive at 14 months and 30 months after surgery, respectively, without recurrence. One patient died 6 months after surgery due to metastatic renal carcinoma and 1 patient who had prior severe liver failure died of multiple organ failure 2 weeks after undergoing surgery. None of the four patients required reoperation. CONCLUSIONS: Prompt surgical treatment should be performed to avoid hepatic failure and disease progression. The surgical technique described in the current study allowed for removal of the tumor from the hepatic veins and the authors believe it can be used with cardiopulmonary bypass to enhance visibility of the hepatic veins.

Adult↗