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Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1978

Participating in health planning.

The implementation of the Health Planning and Resources Development Act of 1974 (P.L. 93-641) brought about the realization that occupational therapists can and should participate in a formalized manner in the health planning process. Successful attempts by District V of the Iowa Occupational Therapy Association, and by the Iowa Occupational Therapy Association, to seat an occupational therapist on the governing board of the Illowa Health Systems Agency and on the Iowa State Health Coordinating Council yielded a greater understanding of the law and of the activities of health systems agencies. This article describes the process of selecting representatives for health systems agencies governing boards as it pertains to allied health professionals.

Governing Board↗
PubMed1977

How BRH, FCC, CPSC, FDA & OSHA regulations affect you.

United States Government regulations cover industrial, medical and consumer ultrasound products for the protection of those using the equipment. There are currently five government agencies which regulate permissible power, intensity and radiation field patterns; permissible frequency and power bands; safety standards for the protection of consumers using ultrasound devices; safety and design standards for diagnosis and therapy by physicians; and standards for the protection of workers in factories using ultrasonic equipment.

Accident Prevention↗
PubMed1979

A review of recent activity in the United States.

Either an overabundance or a deficiency of trace metals in the food chain can ultimately affect adversely the health of livestock and man. Increasing interest in the United States in the distribution of metals in the environment and in metal pollutants has led to widespread interdisciplinary research sponsored by governmental, private and academic groups concerning the availability of trace elements for absorption by plants and animals, and the effects of trace elements throughout the food chain. The state of the art and the needs for research are reviewed by interdisciplinary committees in the National Academy of Sciences and in many government agencies. Research is encouraged through contracts and grants awarded by federal and state agencies and the National Science Foundation to universities for studies of specific metals, specific diseases and correlations between metals and health in specific geographic areas. Effects on the environment of coal-fired power plants, the mining and processing of metals, asbestos, and phosphate, and the disposal of industrial and nuclear wastes have also received much attention in the past few years.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Unmatured science and government regulation.

A common feature of much scientific information reflected in government regulation is its passage directly from the laboratory into government decision without benefit of review and interpretation. This pattern can be attributed to a variety of factors. One is the incentives that lead government agencies to act quickly and conservatively in the name of protection of human health. Another is the relatively lengthy process of traditional review and interpretation via professional meetings and scientific publication. Yet, the case appears very strong for preserving, if foreshortening, the stages of peer review of otherwise unmatured data used in regulation. Several schemes of this sort have been tried in the past few years-some with apparent success. These are discussed alongside the proposal for a science court-a quasi-judicial vehicle for rendering judgements about scientific findings.

Decision Making↗
PubMed1977

Private practice in the public sector: a unique relationship among local government, physicians, and health care consumers in Cincinnati.

Because of health care inequities that still persist under federal and state sponsorship plans, many local government agencies are starting to consider ways of directly providing medical services to the poor. Over 100 years' experience with direct provision programs in the City of Cincinnati, however, have been ultimately counterproductive. A unique three-way contract developed by the Board of Health, a private multispecialty physicians' group and a consumer advocate organization has recently allowed Cincinnati to implement a delivery system that integrates mechanisms for prepaid public health care into a fee-for-service private group practice, all within the context of a community-based neighborhood health care facility. While it is still too early to make a full evaluation of this public health care group practice model, there are already indications that is services will be superior to those offered in Cincinnati's traditional public clinics.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗
PubMed1978

Otolaryngological manpower III--February 1978.

The number of otolaryngologists in Canada appears to have dropped dramatically since 1975. Immigration regulations may further compound this and may also seriously threaten the viability of some of our teaching programs. A system that would allow us to continuously monitor our ability to provide optimum health care in otolaryngology should be developed by the Canadian Otolaryngological Society (COS) as a permanent "agency" of the Secretariat. Such a manpower information source backed by hard statistical data would enable the specialty itself to advise government agencies, the Royal College, provincial licensing boards, and otolaryngologists seeking placement of the present state of the nation.

Aged↗
PubMed1977

Background information on high voltage fields.

The increased demand for power has led to higher voltages for overhead transmission lines. Environmentalists, governmental agencies, and some members of the scientific community have questioned if past biological effects research and experience with lower voltage lines provide adequate bases for predicting the possible health and environmental effects of the higher voltage lines. Only a small amount of work has been done to explore the possible effects, especially long term effects, of the exposure of biological systems to electric fields from transmission lines. Research in Western Europe and the United States has not identified any prompt or acute effects other than spark and electric discharge and no permanent effects. Contrasted with this are the studies of workers in Soviet and Spanish high voltage switchyards that report effects, such as excitability, headaches, drowsiness, fatique, and nausea, that are not found in Soviet line maintenance workers. The results of current and planned research, supported by both U.S. Government agencies and the private sector, should resolve a number of the present uncertanties and provide answers for the many questions concerning potential effects.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Reorganizations of health agencies by local government in American urban centers: what do they portend for "public health"?

The major health agencies of local urban governments--public health department and public hospital--are often dismissed as "irrelevant" or attacked as "unresponsive". The rush to reform through reorganization hasn't often addressed the underlying problems of an eroded tax base, an indifferent federal policy, and intra-professional disputes. Newer corrective steps are called for if complex demands for public and personal service are to be met.

Delivery of Health Care↗
PubMed1979

Individualizing gentamicin dosage regimens in burn patients with gram-negative septicemia: a cost--benefit analysis.

Services provided by a clinical pharmacokinetics laboratory were evaluated in terms of an accepted cost--benefit model, and a model to evaluate clinical services provided by the pharmacist is presented. A retrospective study was conducted to evaluate the impact, in terms of patient outcomes, of individualizing gentamicin dosage regimens in severely burned patients. Analysis was conducted using multivariate statistical techniques and appropriate nonparametric and parametric tests to determine significant differences. This analysis provided the necessary data to quantify the impact of the pharmacokinetic service. The findings suggest that significant differences do exist in comparing individually dosed patients against those who were not, based upon discriminant and multiple regression analyses and/or nonparametric tests. Furthermore, the results will be useful for insurance companies, third-party payers, and government agencies in deciding which innovative clinical services should be reimbursed.

Burns↗
PubMed1977

Social and ethical implications of claims for cancer hazards.

Current data show that about 80% of human cancers can be traced to environmental causes. The majority of human cancers are associated with two main etiologic factors: smoking of cigarettes and diet, which account for most of the cancers in the respiratory tract, in the digestive tract, and in the endocrine sensitive and reproductive organs. The evidence for these multifactorial causes is both ipidemiologic and experimental. In recent years a number of lay and professional groups have expressed concern that the microcontaminants in our environment are responsible for cancer in man. Agitation, press releases, and statements before legislative and excutive government departments have made claims for cancer hazards which do not appear to rest on sound epidemiologic or experimental bases, yet these claims hav alarmed and indeed scared the public. Government agencies and industry have spent funds to investigate such claims. It appears that such actions not only divert valuable research funds and efforts into lines which do not seem to be fruitful in leading to a reduction in cancer risk for the main human cancers, but by falsely alarming the public, dilute serious efforts of cancer prevention with respect to the experimentally and epidemiologically established cancer risk.

Amaranth Dye↗
PubMed1978

Organization development: a new modality for community mental health.

Organization development (OD) is discussed as being a valid tool for advancing mental health and for promoting the present goals of community mental health centers, as well as for accomplishing organization development's traditional objectives of increasing organizational effectiveness in business, industry, and government agencies. A comparison is made between the main objectives of the community mental health movement in the United States and the major thrusts of current OD practice, showing how the foci of the two fields are essentially similar. The psychological aspects of OD are presented in their relation to mental health. Organization development is demonstrated to be both a legitimate and an effective modality for the community mental health practitioner to use in reaching large numbers of people in promoting positive mental health, primary prevention, improved interpersonal relations, and personal growth activities in the community.

Community Mental Health Services↗
PubMed1978

A systems approach to planning large-scale, integrated health care facilities.

This paper presents an overview of a systems approach being implemented within the Kaiser-Permanente Medical Care Program (KPMCP) for the planning of large-scale, integrated health care facilities. This approach was motivated by the increasing change and complexity of factors, both external and internal to KPMCP, that now require more systematic treatment and that before were handled by more intuitive approaches. Among others, these factors include dealing with increasing regulation from government agencies and accommodating the active participation of knowledgeable personnel to ensure the continuation of a progressive and innovative system. Described within, along with more general issues, are various computer models, based upon Kaiser concepts and data that have been developed to facilitate the effective allocation of resources.

California↗