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Results for “Gonadal Disorders”

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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

[Disorders of puberty and gonadal disorders in the child].

Normal puberty has a characteristic harmony or consonance between the individual modalities of sexual maturation. Thus, the objective description and detailed knowledge of physical pubertal development is the basis of the clinical analysis of pubertal disorders. An aim of the review is to provide details of the visible changes the clinician must note in order to document the normal progression of puberty. Disorders of puberty can be classified by the timing of onset of sexual characteristics into either precocious or delayed puberty. A more useful concept, however, than the abnormalities of timing of puberty is whether the pubertal development is true (consonant) or if there is a pseudo-puberty (absence of consonance). This is of greater significance in relation to the pathophysiology and, therefore, the investigations and therapies which will be required. The use of either well known or new agents that may be used for treatment of pubertal disorders are presented.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Gonadal disorders in infancy and early childhood.

Disorders of gonadal development can result from chromosomal, genetic, endocrine, or structural abnormalities. The different conditions may have similar clinical features, but behavior and management will vary depending on the particular diagnosis. Disorders that appear in infancy and early childhood are often associated with ambiguous genitalia or abnormal sexual development. Distinction is made on the basis of cytogenetic, hormonal, and, when indicated, histopathologic studies. The current review groups the different abnormalities in the following categories: chromosomal and genetic disorders; structural defects; defective endocrine function; excessive endocrine activity. The principal conditions found in these categories are discussed in terms of pathogenesis and laboratory procedures required to establish a precise diagnosis.

Endocrine System Diseases↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Testosterone level of blood in androgen-dependent gonadal disorders].

The blood plasma testosterone content was determined by radioimmunological method in patients with hirsutism, premature sexual maturation, false male hermaphroditism, true hermaphroditism, mixed gonad dysgenesis, adrenogenital syndrome, and also in some mothers of patients suffering from intersexualism and in healthy persons. The testosterone concentration proved to depend on clinical manifestations in boys with hyper- and hypogonadism and in girls with adrenogenital syndrome. In intersexual conditions in the presence of mixed gonad dysgenesis the testosterone level was found to be intermediate between the normal values in men and women of the same age. By the testosterone level patients with false male hermaphroditism were divided into two groups: with absolute androgen insufficiency and with disturbed receptor testosterone sensitivity.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Gonadal disorder as a result of adverse reaction to antineoplastic drugs--diagnosis, symptoms, prevention and treatment].

The past three decades have shown the increasing success of chemotherapy as the treatment of malignancies. This therapeutic success has focused attention on the associated gonadal toxicity. Cytotoxic agents may induce infertility and endocrine disfunction. Data for analysis were provided by studies on gonadal function after chemotherapy for: Hodgkin's disease, acute lymphocytic leukemia, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, breast cancer; renal disease, bone-marrow transplantation. The likelihood of developing chemotherapy-induced damage depended on the chemotherapeutic regimen and prescribed dose, illness, sex and degree of gonadal activity at the time of treatment. Despite of the high frequency of chemotherapy-induced gonadal damage its prevention has received a little attention. LH-RHA and oral contraceptive therapy and testosterone have been tested to a limited extent of gonadal toxicity. Usually in male endocrine disfunction of testis does not need to be treated because it is moderate and does not cause any clinical symptoms. In female hormonal substitution seems to be necessary to decrease unpleasant feelings connected with menopause induced by chemotherapy. Further investigations should considered use of new cytotoxic agents without gonadal toxicity or use of new drugs which can better protect gonadal function.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMed1988

Disorders of gonadal differentiation and congenital adrenal hyperplasia.

Ambiguity of the external genitalia may be based on disordered steroid biosynthesis or may arise from fundamental genetic and chromosomal abnormalities that produce failure of gonadogenesis. This article first discusses congenital adrenal hyperplasia and then considers the diverse abnormalities that cause disordered gonadal differentiation.

Adrenal Hyperplasia, Congenital↗
PubMed2003

Gonadal hormones in schizophrenia and mood disorders.

There are gender-related differences in the prevalence, course and treatment response characteristics of schizophrenia and mood disorders. Gonadal steroids exert potent effects on mood, cognition and behavior, and there is little doubt that androgens are crucial for differentiating to each gender. Serum level of total testosterone, free testosterone, estradiol and sex hormone binding globulin was measured in 69 medication-free men with either schizophrenia (n=29) or bipolar I disorder, manic episode (n=18) or major depressive disorder (n=22). There was a statistically significant difference in free testosterone level between mania and schizophrenia groups (p<0.05). The higher free testosterone level in the mania group compared to the schizophrenia group found in this study supports further investigation of a potential difference in the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis between patients with schizophrenia and bipolar I disorder, manic.

Adult↗