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Results for “Golgi-Mazzoni Corpuscles”

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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1990

On the collateral sesamoidean (suspensory navicular) ligament of equines: topographic relations and sensitive innervation.

The origin and course of the collateral sesamoidean (suspensory navicular) ligament of the horse and ass and its attachment to the distal sesamoid bone were studied by means of dissection. Particular attention was given to the topographic relations between this ligament and the deep digital flexor tendon. Numerous sensitive nerve endings are present in this anatomical district. The free and encapsulated nerve endings, displayed by impregnating techniques, are mostly concentrated in the ligament tract connected to the above-named tendon and close to its attachment to the distal sesamoid angle. The nerve endings are identified as typical Pacini, Pacini-like and Golgi-Mazzoni corpuscles on account of their morphological features and are found isolated, grouped to form flower-sprays, lined up along the course of a single nerve fibre or grouped to originate poikilomorphous fibres.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Neural elements in the human temporomandibular articular disc.

The purpose of this study was to determine the presence and describe the location of neural elements in the articular disc of the human temporomandibular joint. Six articular discs were obtained from three adult human subjects at autopsy. Four discs were cut into segments of known anterior-posterior orientation. The remaining two were processed intact. All tissues were stained in bulk with gold chloride, and frozen, sectioned on a sliding microtome at 70 to 100 microns, mounted on slides, dehydrated, and coverslipped. Nerve fibers were seen penetrating the discs from the pericapsular connective tissue. Structures resembling Ruffini endings, Pacinian corpuscles, and Golgi tendon organs were identified in the pericapsular connective tissue and within the disc. The population density of neural elements was the greatest at the periphery of the disc and progressively decreased towards the center, which was essentially devoid of them. The concentration of neural elements appeared to be greater at the anterior and posterior margins of the disc, with the greatest concentration being posteriorly. These findings support the theory that afferent nerves may arise from neural elements within the disc.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

The fine structure of the cervical spinal cord, ventral root and brachial nerves in the wobbler (wr) mouse.

Much indirect evidence supports the prevailing concept that the wobbler mouse represents an inherited form of lower motor neuron degeneration, with resultant neurogenic muscular atrophy, due to an autosomal recessive gene (wr). This report, which emphasizes the fine structural changes in the wobbler mouse cervical spinal cord, ventral root and brachial nerves, both extends and modifies previously published data concerning the ultrastructural changes in this disorder. In addition to the more obvious neuronal cytoplasmic vacuolization known to occur, studies extended to a broader age range of wobbler mice have revealed neuronal alterations such as nonvacuolar dissolution of granular endoplasmic reticulum, proliferation of cytoplasmic microtubules and neurofilaments, proliferation of branched tubules resembling smooth endoplasmic reticulum, development of lipid droplets, and increased numbers of pleomorphic dense and lamellar cytoplasmic bodies. The spectrum of pathological changes in this murine form of motor neuron disease thus appears more complex and varied than has hitherto been appreciated, and may be relevant to the formulation of pathogenetic hypotheses.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Neural elements in human cervical intervertebral discs.

This study attempted to characterize neural elements within the human cervical intervertebral disc. Cervical intervertebral discs were obtained from four adult human subjects at autopsy. Discs were stained in bulk with gold chloride, sectioned, and viewed with the light microscope. Nerve fibers appeared to enter the disc in the posterolateral direction and course both parallel and perpendicular to the bundles of the anulus fibrosus. Nerves were seen throughout the anulus but were most numerous in the middle third of the disc. Receptors resembling Pacinian corpuscles and Golgi tendon organs were seen in the posterolateral region of the upper third of the disc. These results provide further evidence that human cervical intervertebral discs are supplied with both nerve fibers and mechanoreceptors.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Innervation of the temporomandibular joint.

The human temporomandibular joint in transverse and longitudinal section was found to have two types of mechanoreceptors. One of capsular form approximately 40 times 200 mum innervated by myelinated nerve fibres 8 mum in diameter and the other corresponding to the Golgi tendon organ was innervated by myelinated nerve fibers 15 mum in diameter which on entering the tendon organ lost their myelin sheaths.

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMed1976

Analysis of muscle receptor connections by spike-triggered averaging. 1. Spindle primary and tendon organ afferents.

1. The synaptic connections of 44 single identified muscle spindle Ia afferents and of 21 Golgi tendon organ (Ib) afferents from medial gastrocnemius (MG) were studied in 46 cats by the spike-triggered averaging of synaptic noise in 803 motoneurons of various types. 2. The well-known monosynaptic Ia excitatory connections were confirmed and their characteristics examined in 113 cells. The method was used at greater sensitivity than before and revealed that, in addition to the larger EPSPs of the order of 300 muV, there were many below the previously reported lower 17-muV limit. 3. By studying the Ia disynaptic inhibitory pathway with quick stretch-evoked Ia volleys and by spike-triggered averaging (STA), it was shown that the latter method can reveal disynaptic and possibly trisynaptic excitatory connections. This is believed to depend on having continuous activity in the relevant interneurons. 4. Latencies of individual connections showed broad distributions and arguments are advanced for setting working limits to mono- and disynaptic paths for Ia excitation and inhibition. Monosynaptic EPSP latency from cord entry was 0.4-1.1 ms and disynaptic inhibition was 1.2-2.4 ms. It was recognized that the boundaries are not rigid and monosynaptic Ia EPSPs may have latencies up to 1.5 ms. 5. Rise times of disynaptic PSPs were, on average, significantly longer than monosynaptic, but individual disynaptic responses could have values within the monosynaptic range. 6. A small diphasic wave shortly preceding the monosynaptic EPSPs was interpreted as a presynaptic spike. Its timing was consistent with this and, as such, permitted estimates to be made of central conduction time. 7. An early negative wave (latency less than or equal 1.1 ms) of small emplitude was sometimes detected in antagonist motoneurons when triggering from Ia afferents. It was found tha extracellular fields could be detected due to single Ia afferent excitations and efforts were made to see if the early negative wave could be explained by this. In a few cases there was evidence that a very short-latency IPSP might be occuring. This evidence and its implications are discussed with attention to the new factors which have to be considered in using the spike-triggered averaging method at very high sensitivity. 8. Ib effect were di- or trisynaptic. They were excitatory to 18% of synergists and to 28% of antagonists. They were inhibitory to 41% of synergists and to 19% of antagonists. The Ib IPSPs were larger than the EPSPs.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Mechanical transduction in the Golgi tendon organ: a hypothesis.

Morphological evidence, gained from light and electron microscopy, has shown that the unmyelinated terminal branches of the Ib afferent fiber innervating the Golgi tendon organ (GTO) lie within the spaces between braids of collagen. Based on empirical data it is proposed that force applied to a muscle's tendon will straighten these collagen braids and cause compressional deformation of the axon branches trapped between them. The mechanical events, which are presumed to occur within the GTO, appear to explain how it may function as a biological force transducer under static loading conditions. The mechanical principal described for the GTO may be a primitive and wide-spread biological mechanism employed by certain types of sensory receptors that function as position (and force) detectors.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

[Electromyographic silent period in the masseter and temporal muscles].

For some years, many authors have studied the silent periods (S.P.) in masticatory human muscles, during voluntary clenching, biting or mastication as well as during electrical or mechanical stimulation of various parts of the mouth. This S.P. appears as a flattening in the electromyograph tracing taken from masseter and temporalis anterior muscles simultaneously. After an analysis of the methods and results of previous authors, we give and discuss our result, obtained from records on masseter and temporalis anterior muscles, on right and left sides, on healthy subjects. They tapped first their teeth, then masticated pea-nuts, pieces of apple and soft bread. We obtained 571 S.P. after recording 1 745 cycles, and in contrary to the opinion of most of the authors, we were not able to obtain simultaneous S.P. in all four muscles at every cycle, except on 26 occasions. To conclude, we discuss our observations and suggest pathways for the inhibiting reflex of masticatory muscles during functions.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

[Functional dependence of single muscle receptors on muscle activity].

In experiments on chloraloso-urethane anesthetized cats changes in spontaneous and induced spike activity of single muscle spindles and Golgi's receptors following a direct and/or indirect electrical stimulation of the muscle were studied. It was found that contractile activity of the plantar (phase) and heel (tonic) muscles decreased the spike activity of both muscle spindle and Golgi's receptors, the decrease in the phase muscle spindle activity being more considerable than in the tonic one.

Animals↗