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Results for “Genistein”

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7 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2026

Targeted expression of Glycine max isoflavone synthase enhances daidzein and genistein content in soybean.

Isoflavonoids are key secondary metabolites in leguminous plants that play essential roles in plant physiology and provide significant health benefits to humans. In the isoflavone biosynthetic pathway, isoflavone synthase (IFS) catalyzes the conversion of naringenin and liquiritigenin into the bioactive isoflavones genistein and daidzein. This study aimed to enhance genistein and daidzein accumulation in soybean seeds through genetic engineering. Agrobacterium tumefaciens strain EHA105 harboring the binary vector pCAMBIA1301 containing GmIFS under the control of a seed-specific promoter (Gmβ-conglycinin) was used to transform modified half-seed explants of soybean cv. JS335. Hygromycin-B-resistant plants were regenerated, hardened, and confirmed by histochemical GUS assay. Molecular analysis by PCR validated the presence of the GmIFS transgene, yielding a 700 bp amplicon. Biochemical analysis revealed that seeds of T₀ transgenic plants showed a 1.53-fold increase in total phenolic content and a 3.67-fold increase in flavonoid content compared to non-transformed controls. Antioxidant assays demonstrated significantly higher DPPH radical-scavenging activity and ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) in GmIFS-overexpressing plants. HPLC analysis further indicated that transgenic seeds accumulated, on average, 4.07-fold higher daidzein and 1.75-fold higher genistein levels relative to control plants. qRT-PCR analysis showed significantly elevated GmIFS expression in immature cotyledons, mature cotyledons, and seeds of transgenic plants. Overall, these results demonstrate that GmIFS overexpression effectively enhances isoflavone production in soybean seeds, highlighting the potential of metabolic engineering of biosynthetic pathway genes to improve nutritional quality.

Glycine max↗
PubMed1979

beta-Galactosidase-inhibiting new isoflavonoids produced by actinomycetes.

Six isoflavonoids having beta-galactosidase inhibiting activity were isolated from the culture filtrate of Streptomyces xanthophaeus. Their structures were determined by spectral analyses to be daidzein, daidzein 7-alpha-L-rhamnoside, daidzein 4',7-di-alpha-L-rhamnoside, genistein, genistein 7-alpha-L-rhamnoside and genistein 4',7-di-alpha-L-rhamnoside.

Actinomycetales↗
PubMed1978

Phytoestrogen interaction with estrogen receptors in human breast cancer cells.

The interactions of phytoestrogens with estrogen receptors were studied in the human breast cancer cell line, MCF-7. The compounds tested were coumestrol, genistein, and formononetin and the mycotoxins, zearalenone and its reduced derivative, zearalenol. All but formononetin compete for binding of [3H]-estradiol to unfilled cytoplasmic estrogen receptor or unfilled nuclear estrogen receptor sites. Relative binding affinities are zearalenol HMP (high melting point isomer) greater than zearalenol LMP (low melting point isomer) greater than zearalenone = coumestrol greater than genistein greater than formononetin. Dissociation constants estimated from competition curves show that binding affinities are high. In contrast to estradiol, phytoestrogens bind only weakly to sex steroid-binding globulin; they also do not bind to corticosteroid-binding globulin. These compounds translocate the cytoplasmic estrogen receptor and bind to unfilled nuclear estrogen receptors in whole cells. Bound nuclear receptors are then processed in a manner similar to estradiol in a step which rapidly decreases total cellular estrogen receptors. The phytoestrogens are also biologically active; they can markedly enhance tumor cell proliferation. In sum, phytoestrogens interact with the estrogen receptors of human breast cancer cells in culture and, therefore, may affect estrogen-mediated events in these cells.

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMed2026

DNA methylation profiles of quail blood cells by whole-genome bisulfite and Oxford Nanopore sequencing.

Whole Genome Bisulfite Sequencing (WGBS) has been the gold standard DNA methylation mapping and quantification for over a decade. Oxford Nanopore Technologies (ONT) sequencing directly measures nucleotide modifications. In this study, we have compared DNA methylation levels (5-methylcytosine) at CpG sites in the quail genome using WGBS and ONT. Samples were collected to investigate transgenerational DNA methylation changes in Japanese quail following ancestral exposure to a phytoestrogen. Blood samples from 24 third-generation (G3) individuals-descendants of either treated or untreated ancestors-were sequenced after bisulfite conversion. Both methods revealed broadly consistent methylation patterns. ONT reads covered more CpG sites and detected a higher number of differentially methylated cytosines (DMCs). Principal component analyses showed that both sex and ancestral treatment groups accounted for a portion of the observed epigenetic variation, for both technologies. Strong concordance between WGBS and ONT results supports the reliability of ONT sequencing for epigenomic research, including in quails. These data pave the way for further investigation into whether genistein induces epigenetic changes for several generations.

Animals↗
PubMed2026

Genomic and Molecular Interaction Analysis of NodD1 in a Novel Bradyrhizobium yuanmingense sp. B64 Isolate for Nodulation and Symbiosis of Legume Plants.

Rhizobial bacteria are known for their ability to fix nitrogen for leguminous plants and their essential function for sustainable agriculture. This study characterizes the taxonomic status and functional potential of the Bradyrhizobium B64 isolate using integrated genomic and molecular approaches. The whole genome of the B64 isolate was sequenced via Illumina paired-end technology. Species delimitation was performed using average nucleotide identity (ANI) and digital DNA-DNA Hybridization (dDDH). The NodD1 protein structure was modeled using AlphaFold3 and validated by Ramachandran plot analysis. Molecular docking was then conducted to evaluate interactions between NodD1 and four signaling flavonoids: Apigenin, Daidzein, Genistein, and Naringenin. Genomic analysis revealed a maximum ANI of 94.4% and dDDH values between 51.4 and 62.4%. Since these values fall below the standard prokaryotic thresholds (ANI&#x2009;<&#x2009;95%; dDDH&#x2009;<&#x2009;70%), the B64 isolate is identified as a novel species. Physiological assays confirmed nitrogen fixation (1.97 ppm), IAA production (3.67 ppm), and phosphate solubilization (26.10 ppm). Structural validation showed 100% of NodD1 residues in allowed regions, ensuring high model reliability. Docking simulations demonstrated strong binding affinities across all flavonoids, with binding free energies ranging from -&#x2009;8.8 to -&#x2009;9.0&#xa0;kcal/mol. Daidzein exhibited the highest thermodynamic stability (-&#x2009;9.0&#xa0;kcal/mol), whereas apigenin showed the most extensive residue interaction network. The B64 isolate is a novel Bradyrhizobium species with a high symbiotic capacity. The stable NodD1-flavonoid interactions provide a molecular basis for efficient nodulation, positioning B64 as a promising candidate for developing lipo-chitooligosaccharide (LCO)-based biofertilizers.

Bradyrhizobium↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Forage plant estrogens.

Forage plant estrogens occur at high levels in certain forage species. Such levels are responsible for reproductive and other effects in animals. Current progress regarding the chemical, metabolic, and biological effects, as well as occurrence of the several naturally occurring forage estrogens, is described. Forage estrogens occur as natural plant responses to foliar and other plant diseases. Their potency in animals is approximately 1/1000 to 1/10,000 that of the principal animal hormones such as estradiol. Coumestans and isoflavones comprise the two principal classes of forage estrogens, with coumestrol and genistein being the most potent and predominant of each class. Only very low levels of the coumestans occurred in alfalfa leaf protein concentrates prepared at alkaline pH.

Animal Feed↗