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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1988

Gastroscopic screening for gastric carcinoids and carcinoma in pernicious anemia.

Among 196 patients examined in 1972-1985 because of pernicious anemia (PA), 105 patients under the age of 76 years were invited for gastroscopic screening, and 71 patients (68%) participated. Gastroscopy revealed carcinoid tumor(s) in 5 patients (7%) but no case of carcinoma. In addition, one patient with gastric carcinoid, 5 patients with adenocarcinomas and one with a concomitant carcinoid and carcinoma had already been diagnosed earlier in the overall PA group on the basis of clinical symptoms. Thus, within a follow-up of 0-20 years (mean 7 years) the total frequency of gastric carcinoid tumors was 4% and that of carcinoma 3%. Patients with carcinoid tumors had a long duration of PA and young age of onset; these cases were not necessarily those with the highest serum gastrin levels. Even though most gastric carcinoids are small subclinical tumors of uncertain clinical significance, their unexpectedly high frequency, combined within the risk of carcinoma in PA, might indicate the need for gastroscopic follow-up, at least in cases of juvenile onset PA.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Simple and quick gastric cancer screening method using the "Bi-Digital O-Ring Test" and its critical evaluation by standard X-ray, gastroscopic and pathological microscopic examination.

The simple, quick and non-invasive application of the "Bi-Digital O-Ring Test Cancer Screening Method" for adenocarcinoma of the stomach originally described by Y. Omura, indicated 21 out of 196 randomly selected patients who visited our hospital (114 male and 82 female with an average age of 57.2 years) to have a cancer positive response regardless of their original chief complaint. In all these 21 patients we did imaging of the outline of the stomach and localized adenocarcinoma positive area with the "Bi-Digital O-Ring Test Imaging Method." 5 out of 21 patients were confirmed to have adenocarcinoma of the stomach by microscopic examination of biopsied stomach tissue following X-ray and gastroscopic examination. Of these 5 patients with the cancer, 3 had no chief complaint indicative of stomach problems. This study indicated that simple, quick and non-invasive cancer screening method using "Bi-Digital O-Ring Test" with microscopic slide of adenocarcinoma of stomach as reference control substance, can detect stomach cancer with much greater accuracy, without giving any physical discomfort to the patient and with minimum time and expense, compared with well established standard x-ray and gastroscopic examination methods. The effectiveness and relative accuracy of mass screening of patients for gastric cancers using "Bi-Digital O-Ring Test" was well established by this study.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1991

[Comparative gastroscopic and pathologic study on "one point carcinoma" in gastric cancer--analysis of 25 cases. "One Point Carcinoma" National Cooperative Group].

Twenty-five cases of "one point carcinoma" of the stomach, collected from 14 institutes in China, diagnosed by gastroscopic biopsy and proved by regional serial sectioning of the resected specimen as having no more cancerous lesion are presented and studied. The concept, terminology and significance of "one point carcinoma" on the gastric mucosa are put forward by comparative study of the local gross findings and the histopathologic features. The gastroscopic findings showed: mucosal discoloration 3 cases; nodule-like elevation 8 cases; superficial erosion 6 cases; and superficial ulceration 8 cases. Pathologic diagnosis of mucosal biopsy material was: well and moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma 11 cases; poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma 4 cases; signet-ring cell carcinoma 1 case; cancerous change 4 cases; and carcinoma unclassifiable 3 cases. The pathologic changes in the gastric mucosa of the resected specimen were: chronic atrophic gastritis, intestinal metaplasia with superficial erosion and dysplasia 14 cases; superficial gastritis (including partial gastritis verrucosa), intestinal metaplasia with superficial erosion, superficial ulceration and dysplasia 11 cases. The concept of "one point carcinoma", its gross characteristics, biopsy technique and observations as well as other relevant problems discussed are important in the detection of micro-cancerous lesion of gastric carcinoma.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1989

Gastroscopic screening of the post-gastrectomy stomach. Relationship of dysplasia to remnant cancer.

In July 1980, an aggressive screening program for benign disease of the stomach in 163 patients at risk for carcinomatous change of the gastric remnant was instituted. All patients were at least ten years post-gastrectomy. Three gastric remnant cancers were identified during esophago-gastroduodenostomy (EGD) on 45 patients undergoing only one screening endoscopic examination during the study. One hundred and eighteen additional patients underwent two or more screening gastroscopic studies between July 1980 and July 1985. Of this group, seven patients (5.8%) had gastric biopsies showing mild to moderate dysplasia in the gastric remnant. During the period July 1985 to July 1987, these seven patients underwent two to four additional gastroscopic examinations that revealed carcinoma of the gastric remnant in two patients (28%) with progression of the dysplastic changes in three of these seven patients (42%). The post-gastrectomy interval in these seven patients ranged from 10 to 27 years with a mean of 21.5 years. This study supports the concept of neoplastic change in the gastric remnant as a function of time from initial gastric resection. EGD and biopsy are important in identifying dysplastic changes which may be harbingers of invasive carcinoma of the gastric remnant. Aggressive endoscopic screening is recommended for patients with dysplasia in order to identify gastric remnant cancer while potentially curable.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1978

Gastroscopic reduction of afferent loop intragastric intussusception.

A case is presented of afferent loop intragastric intussusception diagnosed by gastroscopy 18 years after partial gastrectomy with retrocolic gastrojejunostomy. The intussusception was successfully reduced by means of the gastroscope. The symptoms were instantly relieved, with a symptom-free follow-up of 1/2 year. Provided that the intussuscepted segment appears viable it seems justified to aim initially to reduce jejuno-gastric intussusception with the aid of the gastroscope.

Aged↗
PubMed1987

Early detection of gastric remnant carcinoma. The role of gastroscopic screening.

Partial gastrectomy for benign ulcer disease has been associated with carcinoma in the gastric remnant. To detect formation of this cancer in patients having undergone this operation, we initiated a screening protocol using barium contrast studies, flexible gastroscopy, and biopsy. Patients were selected from a group of 233 patients who had undergone partial gastrectomy for benign disease between 1960 and 1975. In this group, operations for duodenal ulcer had been performed in 156 patients (83 Billroth I and 73 Billroth II reconstructions) and subtotal gastrectomy in 77 patients with gastric ulcer (17 Billroth I and 60 Billroth II reconstructions). From July 1980 to July 1985, 163 patients underwent gastroscopy and biopsy with a median postoperative interval of 14.6 years. Through screening, three resectable remnant carcinomas were found. We conclude that routine gastroscopy leads to earlier detection and a higher rate of resectability if gastric remnant carcinoma is found; yearly screening should be performed after a ten-year postresection interval; and gastroscopic biopsy is more accurate than upper gastrointestinal tract barium contrast studies and should be used preferentially to identify gastric remnant carcinoma.

Duodenal Ulcer↗
PubMed1987

Gastric cancer in San Marinese and their first degree relatives in San Marino and the United States. Gastroscopic biopsy as an epidemiological tool.

The Republic of San Marino, a small, 23-square mile, independent country near the Adriatic Coast within Italy, has been noted to have a high incidence of gastric cancer in its 22,000 population (9% of all deaths from 1969-1983 with 33% of all cancer deaths attributed to gastric cancer). Gastroscopic biopsy studies on 284 first degree relatives of San Marinese gastric cancer patients in the Republic of San Marino and in Detroit, where 2,000-2,500 San Marinese reside, have allowed detection of six gastric malignancies. Intestinal metaplasia of gastric mucosa was found in 16 (52%) of 31 Detroit first degree relatives and 51 (36%) of 143 San Marino first degree relatives. Gastroscopy provides an important tool not only for the early detection of gastric cancer in populations of high risk (such as that of San Marino), but also for providing clues to the genetic and environmental factors in gastric neoplasia.

Aged↗
PubMed1979

A gastroscopic and pharmacological study of the disintegration time and absorption of pivampicillin capsules and tablets.

1 An in vitro investigation showed that pivampicillin tablets disintegrated more rapidly than pivampicillin capsules. This result was demonstrated and confirmed by gastroscopy in a cross-over study in healthy volunteers. 2 There were no differences in serum levels of ampicillin obtained with the two preparations, but compared with non-gastroscoped volunteers, there was delay of 0.5--1.5 h in the appearance of peak serum ampicillin concentrations after gastroscopy. 3 Half of the volunteers receiving pivampicillin capsules developed hyperaemia, interstitial bleeding or erosions of the gastric mucous membrane. No such reactions were seen after pivampicillin tablets. 4 In one volunteer, a pivampicillin capsule was trapped in a not previously noticed hiatus hernia and local changes and pain occurred.

Adult↗
PubMed1972

The histological diagnosis of chronic gastritis in fibreoptic gastroscope biopsy specimens.

The advent of the fibreoptic gastroscope with biopsy facilities has provided the means of obtaining biopsy specimens under direct vision from any part of the stomach. This creates new opportunities for the study of chronic gastritis, and, in particular, its evolution, topographical location, and causal relationships. On the basis of an experience with more than 2,500 biopsy specimens we have outlined a method for their systematic examination and have proposed a classification of chronic gastritis. This classification includes the type of mucosa, the type and stage of activity of the gastritis, and the presence and type of metaplasia. The classification is sufficiently flexible to allow within it quantitative assessment of individual histological features.

Biopsy↗
PubMed1988

Time-course study of gastric damages in rats by anti-inflammatory drugs using a gastroscope and its quantification.

Time-course studies on gastric damages in rats caused by nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) were performed using a gastroscope, and the readings were quantified to obtain the Congestion-Hemorrhage Index (CHI) for evaluating the potencies of the damaging properties of NSAID. The correlation between CHI and Ulcer Index (UI), the quantified value obtained by the conventional methods, was highly significant at 6 and 24 hr after forced oral administration of NSAID. The peak CHIs of aspirin (300 mg/kg), indomethacin (60 mg/kg), mefenamic acid (300 mg/kg) and fenoprofen calcium (300 mg/kg) appeared approximately 24 hr after a single forced oral administration of drugs. Thus, it was suggested that an observation at 24 hr in addition to one at 6 to 7 hr might be necessary for the examination of damaged gastric mucosa. Under the present experimental conditions, fenoprofen calcium caused the greatest damages on gastric mucosa among the four NSAIDs. Mefenamic acid showed the least damaging potency on gastric mucosa, having a smaller CHI than that of aspirin. Indomethacin possessed a stronger damaging property than aspirin.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Epidemiologic, clinicopathologic, and economic aspects of gastroscopic screening of patients with pernicious anemia.

In a well-defined population with a known prevalence of pernicious anemia (PA), gastroscopic screening was performed in 123 patients with PA, of whom 61 were rescreened after a mean time interval of 32 months. At the primary screening the prevalence of gastric neoplasia was 8.1% and that of gastric malignancy 4.1%. No neoplasias or malignancies were diagnosed at re-screening. The estimated cost per gastric neoplasia diagnosed during primary screening was USD 850 and that per diagnosed malignancy USD 1700. Adenoma, one with early adenocarcinoma, was diagnosed in two patients, primary early adenocarcinoma in two patients, and advanced adenocarcinoma in one patient. Five patients had gastric fundic mucosal carcinoid, of which one was multicentric with a regional metastasis. Gastric carcinoids most probably are underdiagnosed in atrophic gastritis, and, when small and solitary, their clinical relevance is uncertain. Fundic mucosal endocrine cell hyperplasia and hypergastrinemia seem to be important factors in their development.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1978

The effect of metoclopramide (Primperan) on the pyloric sphincter during gastroscopic examination. A double blind investigation versus placebo.

The effect of metoclopramide and placebo on relaxation of a spasmodic pylorus during gastroscopy have been compared using a double blind technique. Metoclopramide showed a better result and the difference between its effect and the effect of placebo is statistically significant (p less than 0.01). Metoclopramide is a useful agent during gastroscopic examination in cases of spasmodic pylorus. It facilitates the passage of the gestroscope through the spasmodic pyloric sphincter. The reported relaxation and dilatation of the pyloric sphincter clarifies the amelioration of symptoms in different gastrointestinal troubles.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Gastroscopic observations related to bioptical histology in healthy medical students.

The examinations were performed on 10 medical students, 22-23 years old, of whom 5 were women. Directed biopsies were taken from the antral mucosa and the mucosa of the greater and lesser curvatures, average number being 6.7. Gastroscopy showed a normal mucosal folding in all students. None had mucosal reddening or mucus covering of more than slight grades. The examination concluded with a normal gastric mucosa in 4 and probably normal in 2 students. In 4 students a superficial gastritis was supposed to be present. Bioptical histology showed a normal mucosa in the antrum in 6 students, at the lesser curvature in 7, and at the greater curvature in 8 students. In the others a slight superficial gastritis in the antral mucosa. There was a fairly good correlation between the gastroscopic observations and the findings by histology on directed biopsy in 6 of the students.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Gastroscopic mucosal biopsy and carbon ink injection marking for determination of resection line on the gastric wall in stomach cancer].

Gastroscopic mucosal biopsies and carbon ink injection marking were performed in 31 patients with gastric cancer before operation. The resection line of gastric wall was determined during operation according to the marked points. The method, dose, site, and opportunity of ink injection were studied. The results were: 1. None of these 31 patients had positive biopsies from cancer free areas. None of the resected specimens showed deep cancer infiltration beyond the site of carbon ink injection. This method is significant in recognizing the extent of intramucosal cancer infiltration; 2. None of the 31 patients marked by ink injection had residual cancer on the resected line whereas 8-10% of those unmarked had a positive margin. This result indicates that this method is significant in avoiding residual cancer on the resection line; and 3. Before surgery, the home-made carbon ink was satisfactory. The optimum dose for an ideal ink point was 0.05-0.1 ml/point which would give a marking of 0.5-1.5 cm in diameter on the serosa. The ink point was clearly shown on the anterior wall but less satisfactorily on the lesser curvature of the stomach. Injection performed as early as the fifth week before operation was valid.

Biopsy↗
PubMed1987

Hepatic tissue in gastroscopic biopsy: evidence of hepatic penetration by peptic ulcer.

We describe a patient with peptic ulcer of the stomach penetrating into the liver, in whom diagnosis was made by histological examination of the gastroscopic biopsy. The liver tissue affected by this local "peptic hepatitis" displayed marked inflammatory and regeneratory atypia that could raise suspicion of an adenocarcinoma. The possibility of finding liver cells and tissue (or pancreatic and splenic tissues) in the gastric biopsy and brushing/washing material should be kept in mind in cases of large peptic ulcers.

Gastroscopy↗
PubMed1979

[Complex x-ray, gastroscopic and cytological diagnosis of malignant gastric ulcer].

Under discussion are some aspects of the diagnosis of malignant gastric ulcers established by means of a complex gastrologic examination of patients with ulcerous pathology of the stomach. Errors, difficulties and possibilities of roentgenological, gastroscopic and cytologic methods for recognition of malignant gastric ulcers are analysed. It is emphasized that cytological assay is highly efficient in ascertaining a malignant nature of the ulcer. A careful complex investigation of patient with gastric ulcer is felt to be indispensable to recognize its early stages.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

[Correlation of gastroscopic, pathohistologic, cytologic and cytochemical analysis of ulcer lesions and other pathologic changes in the gastric mucosa. Preliminary study].

This paper concerns our first experience of correlation analysis between the gastroscopic, pathohystologic, cytologic and cytochemical findings of different organic gastric lesion on gastroscopy. The authors' experience is based on 78 patients in whom 450 biopsies were performed. For an adequate analysis, 135 samples of pathohystologic anc cytological examinations were useful and only 80 samples for cytochemical analysis. From these examinations it is possible to conclude that the cytochemical reactions of the group of patients with inflammatory lesions and intestinal metaplasia showed changes in the level of enzyme aminopolypeptidase together with the presence of acid mucopolysacharides. In the group of patients with lesions showing an ulcer, carcinoma or suspect malignancies, the changes occured in the composition of enzymes such as acid phosphatase, DNP Diaphoresis and nonspecific esterases. With such combined examinations the percentage of correct diagnoses was increased in comparison with conventional method of gastroscopy and biopsy.

Gastric Mucosa↗