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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1977

[Thoughts on the Future of Gastroenterology (author's transl)].

The rapid growth of knowledge and and the multiplicity of new diagnostic and therapeutic methods are forcing the internal medical specialty apart and compelling us to specialize. One exponent of this development is gastroenterology. With the introduction of fiberoptics, gastroenterological diagnosis was revolutionized. Endoscopic biopsy methods are dominating diagnosis, radiological examination of the digestive tract is mainly used for supplementation. Operative endoscopy with its diagnostic and therapeutic importance forces us to closer cooperation with pathologists and surgeons. The immediate objective most likely to do justice to the development is the gastroenterological department or center which permits optimal cooperation. The gastroenterologist of the future must be trained in pathological anatomy, surgery and internist gastroenterology.

Abdomen↗
PubMed1978

Incidence and significance of different types of connective tissue antibodies in adult and pediatric gastroenterological disorders.

The incidence of connective tissue antibodies was assessed in 3,000 adults and in 388 pediatric patients with gastroenterological disorders. Following a previous classification, connective tissue antibodies were distinguished in 5 different types, R1 and R2 reacting with reticulin components, KC with Kupffer cells, AC and Rs with intra- and extracellular mesenchymal antigens. R1 predominated in children and was observed only in patients with malabsorption; the great majority of them had celiac disease and an abnormal small bowel mucosa. Ac was rarely seen in children and occurred in several unrelated gastrointestinal diseases of the adult; its incidence, however, was significantly higher in disorders with idiopathic and secondary malabsorption. R2, KC and Rs were seen only occasionally in unrelated gastroenterological disorders without malabsorption. R1, therefore, seems to be strongly suggestive of a malabsorption syndrome with abnormal small bowel mucosa and AC is a nonspecific reaction occuring predominantly in primary and secondary malabsorption; the other connective tissue antibodies have no clinical significance in gastroenterological disorders.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

[Intensive care in gastroenterology. 1st experiences and verification].

The history of intensive care in gastroenterology is briefly discussed. The insertion of intensive care units in the hospital scene is also examined and illustrative examples of emergency cases treated in recent years at the Rome United Hospitals gastroenterology division are presented. It is felt that centres tailored to hospital dimensions should be formed, though their cost is likely to prove a bar to their early institution. Intensive care can, it is urged, be furnished by specialist departments, provided they manage to find a new dimension in keeping with the more difficult tasks involved.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1975

[Tumor antigens in the diagnosis of gastroenterological diseases (author's transl)].

History, biochemical properties, techniques and normal range of carcino-embryonic proteins and their applications in clinical diagnosis are reviewed in detail. The importance of alpha1-fetoprotein, colon embryonic antigen, fetal sulfoglycoprotein, alpha2H-globulin and Regan-isoenzyme of alkaline phosphatase is discussed for carcinomas of the gastrointestinal tract, other malignant tumors and benign gastroenterological diseases. The results of prospective studies in cancer high risk patients and the indications for the determination of carcino-embryonic proteins in gastroenterology were described.

Alkaline Phosphatase↗
PubMed2026

Brief Review: Rethinking Colonic Redundancy in Gastroenterology.

BACKGROUND: Dolichocolon (DC), or colonic redundancy, is an elongated and tortuous colon described as early as 1820, yet it remains underrecognized in clinical gastroenterology. Advances in imaging and motility assessment offer new insights into its prevalence, mechanisms, and clinical implications. AIMS: To summarize current evidence on the anatomy, epidemiology, and potential clinical significance of DC and to explore possible pathophysiological mechanisms linking this variant to gastrointestinal disorders. METHODS: A targeted literature review of studies published between 1900 and 2024 was conducted using PubMed and Scopus with search terms including dolichocolon, colonic redundancy, and redundant colon. Publications addressing anatomy, motility, symptom associations, and disease relevance were included. RESULTS: Though epidemiological data are limited, it has been estimated that DC affects 10-20% of the population and is associated with constipation, volvulus, and, possibly, inflammatory bowel disease. Proposed mechanisms include segmental stasis and ischemia in redundant loops, altered neuromuscular signaling, and increased mucosal surface area promoting immune-microbiota interactions. Despite its potential importance, DC is rarely noted in modern radiology reports, contributing to under-recognition in clinical practice. CONCLUSIONS: Colonic redundancy represents a common anatomic variant with potentially overlooked clinical implications. Standardized radiologic characterization and prospective studies are needed to clarify its role in gastrointestinal disorders and to guide future diagnostic and therapeutic approaches.

Humans↗
PubMed1976

[Gastroenterology yesterday and today].

In the 40 years since the foundation of the "Schweizerische Gesellschaft fur Gastroenterologie", medicine - and with it gastroenterology - have markedly changed. New diseases and syndromes have been discovered and others have disappeared. New knowledge in basic sciences influences progress in diagnosis and therapy. In diagnostic methods the most evident advances are fiberendoscopy, endophotography and biopsy, and progress in roentgenology and immunology. New drugs, new surgical methods and controlled trials have improved treatment. However, each advance has its drawbacks: the growing incidence of iatrogenic diseases, the overwhelming literature, the flood of congresses, the record-breaking mentality of many clinicians and the hunting and collecting instinct for "interesting cases". "Medical art", a notion difficult to define, is in danger of disappearing. It means a harmony of knowledge, skill experience, intuition and the predominant desire to help the patient. This means individualized medicine, which is only possible by sympathetic dialogue with the patient - not only by specialists in psychiatry or psychosomatics, but by every doctor. will be able to preserve medicine from inhumanity in spite of technology, rationalization and the computer?

Congresses as Topic↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Trace minerals in paediatric gastroenterology: zinc and copper.

A number of aspects of zinc and copper metabolism are relevant in the clinical practice of pediatric gastroenterology. Although the diagnosis of zinc and copper deficiency is problematic, deficiencies and altered metabolism of these two nutrients are seen in a host of hepatic and intestinal diseases of childhood. Several medical and surgical interventions can adversely affect zinc and copper nutriture as well. Continuing scientific research into the biology of zinc and copper will provide new insights into the pathophysiology of pediatric gastrointestinal diseases.

Child↗
PubMed1979

Mucin histochemistry and questions in gastroenterology.

A group of modern mucosubstance histochemical techniques was employed on normal and pathological specimens obtained from the gastrointestinal tract of 2212 individuals. In the light of the results, five main problems in the filed of gastroenterology are discussed; namely: 1) The nature of intestinal metaplasia and histogenesis of adenocarcinoma of the stomach, 2) Early diagnosis of small intestinal carcinoma, 3) The so called transitional colonic mucosa, 4) The diagnosis of ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease and 5) Differential diagnosis of other carcinomas growing into the large bowel.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

[Immunology and gastroenterology].

Immunology and gastroenterology are associated due to the part of the gastrointestinal tract with respect to the maturation of the immune system and because of the abundance of immunocytes within the mucosa. Therefore on the one hand a deformity is followed by immune deficiency, on the other hand contact between antigens and the immune system may cause different types of hypersensitivity. Autoimmunopathy, however, develops without known exogenous factors. It may be a primary disease of the gut but also a partial manifestation of a generalized reaction. Finally, each malignant immunoproliferative disease may strike the gut. So the diversity of interaction between the gastrointestinal tract and the immune system causes a variety of immunological disease.

Antibody Formation↗
PubMed1978

[Metabolic deficiencies in gastroenterology (author's transl)].

Metabolic disturbances are one of the main reasons for complications in gastroenterologic surgery. There is a large number of inflammatory, neoplastic, and iatrogenic illnesses that cause considerable deficiencies. The intensity of disturbances depends on localization, duration, and extension of the pathologic alterations. Important for the postoperative outcome is the preoperative compensation of caloric and protein deficiencies: 1.5 g of amino acids per kg body weight/24 h and energy 160-200 joule per kg body weight/24 h.

Blood Proteins↗