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Results for “Gastric Dilatation”

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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1988

Near-total gastric necrosis caused by acute gastric dilatation.

Gastric dilatation caused by psychogenic polyphagia or bulimia may, under extreme circumstances, progress to total gastric necrosis. We have described a patient in whom acute abdominal symptoms and signs developed while he was receiving psychiatric treatment. Laparotomy showed massive gastric dilatation with near-total infarction. Total gastrectomy with cervical esophagostomy, feeding and decompressing jejunostomies, and wide drainage of the gastric bed were done. After staged reconstruction, recovery was uneventful.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Acute idiopathic gastric dilation with gastric necrosis in individuals with Prader-Willi syndrome.

Individuals with Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) have excessive appetite with the ability to consume large quantities of food. Absence of vomiting and a high pain threshold are considered manifestations of the disorder. We present 6 patients with PWS with acute dramatic gastric distention. In 3 young adult women with vomiting and apparent gastroenteritis, clinical course progressed rapidly to massive gastric dilatation with subsequent gastric necrosis. One individual died of overwhelming sepsis and disseminated intravascular coagulation. In 2 children, gastric dilatation resolved spontaneously. Gastrectomy specimens--in 2 cases subtotal and distal, in the other with accompanying partial duodenectomy and pancreatectomy--showed similar changes. All cases demonstrated signs of ischaemic gastroenteritis. All specimens showed diffuse mucosal infarction with multifocal transmural necrosis. Vascular dilatation and small bifrin thrombi were apparent within the infarcted areas. These 6 women with PWS had acute idiopathic gastric dilatation. It is possible that a predisposition to acute gastric dilatation may be related to abnormal gastric homeostasis on a genetic basis. Understanding the mechanisms responsible for this event could increase the understanding of gastrointestinal and appetite regulation in individuals with PWS.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

Effect of acute gastric dilatation on gastric myoelectic and motor activity in dogs.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of experimentally induced acute gastric dilatation on electrical and mechanical activities of the stomach in dogs. ANIMALS: 7 healthy dogs. PROCEDURE: Electrodes and strain-gauge force transducers were implanted on the serosal surface of the antrum and pylorus. Eight days later, baseline gastric electrical and contractile activities were recorded. The dogs were anesthetized and mechanically ventilated to maintain normocapnia while the stomach was distended (intragastric pressure, 30 mm Hg) for 180 minutes, using a thin compliant bag. Gastric electrical and contractile activities were recorded again on days 1 and 10 after dilatation. Recordings were analyzed to determine gastric slow-wave frequency, slow-wave dysrhythmia, propagation velocity of slow-waves, coupling of contractions to slow waves, motility index on the basis of relative contractile amplitudes, and onset of contractions after a standardized meal. RESULTS: Electrical or contractile activities were not significantly different 18 hours after acute gastric dilatation (day 1). Arrhythmias were evident before and after gastric dilatation in dogs from which food was withheld and in dogs after consumption of a meal. CONCLUSIONS: Variables for assessing gastric electrical and contractile activities were unaffected 18 hours after acute gastric dilatation. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Analysis of results of this study indicated that altered electrical and contractile activities in dogs with short-term gastric dilatation are not likely to be secondary to the process of acute gastric dilatation.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Influence of dietary composition on gastric emptying and motility in dogs: potential involvement in acute gastric dilatation.

Gastric dilatation-volvulus is a dramatic and life-threatening disease of large-breed dogs. The cause is unknown, but ingestion of dry cereal-based food is frequently incriminated as a predisposing factor. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of commercial diets on gastric motility and emptying in the dog. Four large-breed dogs were fed 3 different diets (diet A = canned meat-based; B = cereal-based with 77% added water; and C = dry cereal-based) in a randomized block design. Each experiment was done in triplicate. Motility was assessed, using 5 AgAgCl electrodes and 2 strain gauges sutured along the serosa of the stomach and proximal duodenum. Dogs were fed at the same time each day and the time to change from the fed to the fasted pattern of gastrointestinal motility (changeover) was measured. Gastric emptying was assessed by recording gastric radioactivity. After feeding a meal mixed with 99mTc-labeled resin, the log of activity was plotted against time, and the half-time of gastric emptying (t1/2 GE) was calculated. Mean (+/- SEM) times from feeding to changeover for the 3 diets were: diet A, 9.7 +/- 0.9; B, 10.5 +/- 0.4; and C, 11.0 +/- 0.8 hours. Diet had minimal influence on the half time of gastric emptying (diet A, 2.2 +/- 0.3; B, 2.6 +/- 0.4; and C, 2.9 +/- 0.3 hours; P greater than 0.05). The data indicate that gastric motility and emptying in healthy large-breed dogs were not affected by dietary composition. Because most large dogs are fed cereal-based food for reasons of cost and ease of use, these diets may have been wrongly incriminated as a predisposing factor in gastric dilatation-volvulus.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Acute gastric dilatation associated with gastric volvulus in the guinea pig.

During an 18-month period, gastric dilatation was recognized in six guinea pigs from a colony with a monthly average of 253 animals. All of the affected guinea pigs were breeders and ranged in age from 8 to 26 months. Clinical signs were tachycardia, dyspnea, cyanosis, and marked abdominal distention. Macroscopic lesions included gastric volvulus, gastric dilatation, and splenic congestion.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Gastrin levels and gastric emptying times in rhesus monkeys with a history of acute gastric dilatation.

Abnormal gastric motility has been suggested as a possible causative factor for acute gastric dilatation observed in nonhuman primates. To evaluate gastric motility in a colony, fasting serum gastrin immunoreactivity and gastric emptying times were assessed in rhesus monkeys that had survived single episodes of acute gastric dilatation. These were paired with age- and weight-matched control monkeys from the same colony. Neither gastric emptying times nor gastrin assays were significantly different between the acute gastric dilatation and control groups.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed2005

Acute massive gastric dilatation: severe ischemia and gastric necrosis without perforation.

Acute massive gastric dilatation is a rare event and though it can occur in a multitude of medical conditions, its pathogenesis is still debated. It leads almost invariably to gastric necrosis with or without perforation which calls for emergency surgical treatment. We present the case of a 22 year-old male patient of normal weight with acute massive gastric dilatation due to a binge eating episode leading to gastric parietal ischemia with mucosal necrosis. Abdominal computed tomography established the diagnosis of acute massive gastric dilatation. After partial decompression of the stomach, the patient emptied his stomach by vomiting. Eight hours after gastric decompression, an upper endoscopy was performed showing ischemia with areas of necrotic gastric mucosa in the fundus and along the greater curvature. Despite presence of ischemia and gastric necrosis, conservative treatment was successful. Psychiatric assessment revealed a borderline mentally retarded young man, but no current diagnosis of a typical eating disorder. Physicians should be aware that binge eating habits may cause acute massive gastric dilatation in patients of normal weight who are not diagnosed as having a typical eating disorder. Prompt diagnosis of acute gastric dilatation and decompression of the stomach even when gastric ischemia and mucosal necrosis is present, may avoid unnecessary laparotomy.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1989

[Gastric necrosis secondary to acute gastric dilatation in children].

We present a new case of acute dilatation gastric with fundus, in a three years old girl with Beckwith Syndrome and infection respiratory disease. The diagnosis and treatment were done early we performed a Friederich of necrosis wall and simple suture. The evolution postoperative was satisfactory.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed2001

Conversion of Lap-Band to gastric bypass for dilated gastric pouch.

An 18-year-old female who had undergone a laparoscopic adjustable gastic banding developed several episodes of gastric pouch dilatation (GPD), treated conservatively. The last GPD (31 months after Lap-Band placement) involved the lesser curvature of the stomach and was refractory to medical treatment. Conversion to an open gastric bypass was performed. Gastric bypass is an option in the case of Lap-Band failure.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2003

Gastric necrosis associated with acute gastric dilatation and small bowel obstruction.

BACKGROUND: While acute gastric dilation is a postoperative complication familiar to most surgeons, massive dilatation with necrosis and rupture is a very rare event. We performed a computer search in the MEDLINE database for the years 1966-2001 for articles published in any language using the key words gastric dilation, gastric necrosis, intestinal obstruction, and gynecologic surgery. Our search yielded no reports of massive gastric dilation and ischemic necrosis from a small bowel obstruction following gynecologic surgery. CASE: A 76-year-old woman developed massive gastric dilatation with ischemic necrosis associated with small bowel obstruction following gynecologic surgery for benign disease. CONCLUSION: Gynecologists should be aware of the entity. Early diagnosis and treatment are essential to minimize morbidity and mortality.

Aged↗
PubMed1987

Visceral ischemia secondary to gastric dilatation: a rare complication of Nissen fundoplication.

Antireflux operations are now commonly performed for severe gastroesophageal reflux with life-threatening presentations like recurrent aspiration pneumonia and apnea. We report a child who presented 2 years after Nissen fundoplication with jejunal volvulus resulting in massive gastric dilatation, gastric rupture, pneumoretroperitoneum, pneumomediastinum, and severely compromised circulation to the lower extremities. Because of the intense intraabdominal pressure from the gastric dilatation, there was severe ischemia of the pancreas, duodenum, small bowel, colon, and gallbladder. We suggest that gastrointestinal symptoms in a child who has had Nissen fundoplication should be promptly evaluated to avoid delay in recognition of acute gastric dilatation and to prevent a fatal outcome.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1980

Acute gastric dilatation in monkeys: a microbiologic study of gastric contents, blood and feed.

Twenty-one of 24 simian primates with acute gastric dilatation had Clostridium perfringens in their gastric contents. Only 2 of 18 normal animals contained this organism in their gastric contents. Clostridium perfringens was isolated from monkey biscuits taken from the cages of five affected animals and from five of 11 incoming lots of feed. After these biscuits were fed to normal animals, this organism could be isolated from the gastric contents. There were no other organisms isolated which could account for the voluminous gas production in this condition.

Animal Feed↗
PubMed2006

Severe acute gastric dilatation causing respiratory failure.

Severe acute gastric dilatation occurring in the absence of bowel obstruction is uncommon. We report acute gastric dilatation developing postoperatively in a 79-year-old man, culminating in respiratory failure. On the third postoperative day following bilateral inguinal hernia repair, he developed abdominal distension with absent bowel sounds. Abdominal radiograph showed a grossly distended gastric shadow and small bowel dilatation. The patient's oxygen saturation then deteriorated suddenly and severely, necessitating intubation. He recovered well with conservative measures.

Acute Disease↗