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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2001

[Guilt and subjective feelings of guilt in the context of separation and divorce].

In this paper the vicissitudes of guilt and responsibility and development and function of guilt feelings are discussed in the context of the typical family dynamics in cases of divorce (delegation, claiming of loyalty, parentification). The "guilt" of the parents is often transformed to the feeling of guilt of the children in the sense of a traumatic feeling of guilt. This happens especially when sufficient mourning is not possible. Feelings of guilt by reason of the mere existence of the child (basic feelings of guilt) and the oedipal and other feelings of guilt out of rivalry can be reinforced (feelings of guilt out of vitality). Strivings for separation may be connected with guilt by the children (feelings of guilt regarding separation). The recognition of the adults' responsibility (especially choice of partners, functionalization of the child to facilitate the separation from the own parents, to maintain the image of an intact family or the struggle for power at the cost of the children) diminishes the feelings of guilt of the children.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Affective guilt states in women and the Perceived Guilt Index.

Two experiments were conducted to examine the determinants of affective guilt states, and to examine the interrelationships among one measure of dispositional guilt, and two measures of affective guilt. In study 1, women who were high in affective trait guilt had higher guilt states after being required to make sexual responses to sexual double-entendre words. In study 2, high affective trait guilt women had higher guilt states after being told they would be required to make sexual responses, but before they actually made any responses. The hypothesized relationship between a measure of dispositional guilt and a measure of affective state guilt was not found in either experiment.

Affect↗
PubMed1980

Hostility-guilt, guilt over aggression, and self-punishment.

48 men were randomly assigned to experimental and control groups and partitioned at the median on hostility-guilt in a 2X2 factorial design. Subjects in the experimental condition were induced to aggress verbally by severely derogating a stranger in a study of first impressions. Before and after participating in the first impressions study, the subjects participated in a pain tolerance procedure involving receiving a series of increasingly painful electric shocks. Affect adjective checklists measured guilt and other affects at four times before and after each pain tolerance procedure. As expected, high-hostility-guilt men increased in affective guilt following participation in the experimental condition in which they unfairly distressed a stranger. As expected, the affective guilt of these same high-hostility-guilt men declined after submitting to a procedure measuring pain tolerance. Contrary to expectations, low-hostility-guilt men tolerated more pain in the experimental condition than did high-hostility-guilt men.

Affect↗
PubMed1999

The meaning of guilt: a phenomenological description of employed mothers' experiences of guilt.

This article discusses the structure and content of the phenomenon of guilt based on the experience of 13 working mothers. Using a phenomenological approach, the researcher has analyzed the women's descriptions of guilt situations and presents the constituent component of the guilt phenomenon. The most salient feature of these women's descriptions of guilt is their strong, repetitive, everyday character. The phenomenon of guilt contains a general feeling of responsibility especially towards the children. Feelings of guilt arise when the women interprets a situation in terms of failure in responsibility. The sense of failure in responsibility arise in situations when she lacks real control over the demands made on her from different spheres of life or in situations where she exhibits an assertive behavior where she puts the responsibility for herself and her own needs foremost. The phenomenon of guilt contains certain elements of shame, aggression and vagueness in communication.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

[The anthropology of guilt and guilt feelings].

Considering the sociological and historical relativeness of 'objective' guilt and the relativeness of guilt feelings in the light of 'objective guilt' the authors delve into the problem of whether there exists such a thing as 'objective guilt'. This is particularly relevant after considering recent American investigations by Kohlberg et al. on children's development. They show the importance of guilt feelings that are aroused quite independently of the moral status of a society or a supposed 'super-ego'. Such feelings are the individual's response to some sort of interactional annihilation of communication. Highly dependent and variable, because of their dispositional and situative connections, guilt feelings seem to represent an anthropological, universally existing factor acting as an individual response to the destruction of communication but not necessarily being related to any kind of 'objective' guilt.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

The role of shame and guilt in traumatic events: a clinical model of shame-based and guilt-based PTSD.

Post-traumatic stress disorder is currently classified as an anxiety disorder with fear as the predominant emotion. This has led to the development of treatment techniques such as exposure aimed at alleviating fear. This article highlights the need to address other emotional responses, in particular shame and guilt, when assessing and treating PTSD. Hence, it presents two clinical models of shame-based PTSD and guilt-based PTSD. These models are offered as aids to clinicians in assessing and formulating cases of PTSD where shame and guilt are salient issues. The models highlight the importance of assessing meaning in the context of pre-existing schemas and address two pathways to the development of shame and/or guilt: schema congruence and schema incongruence. Several treatment implications are drawn from the models.

Guilt↗
PubMed2002

Defining guilt in depression: a comparison of subjects with major depression, chronic medical illness and healthy controls.

BACKGROUND: Although guilt is a widely accepted feature of depression, there is limited and inconsistent data defining the nature of this symptom. The purpose of the current study was to examine the specificity and nature of guilt in subjects with major depression as compared to patients with another chronic medical illness and healthy controls. METHODS: Outpatients with current major depressive episode (MDE; n=34), past-MDE (n=22), chronic cardiac illness (n=20) and healthy controls (n=59) were administered the following measures: The Guilt Inventory (GI), State Shame and Guilt Scale (SSGS), 17-item Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (Ham-D) and the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV. RESULTS: Overall multivariate analysis of covariance comparing mean scores for the six guilt subscales [state-guilt, trait-guilt, moral standards (from the GI); state-guilt, -pride, and -shame (from the SSGS)] across the four groups was significant (F=9.1, df=6:121, p<0.0001). Post-hoc analysis revealed the following differences (each at least p<0.01): for state-guilt (GI), current-MDE>past-MDE>cardiac=healthy controls; for trait-guilt (GI), current-MDE=past-MDE>cardiac=healthy controls; for state-shame, -guilt and -pride (SSGS), current-MDE>past-MDE, past-MDE=cardiac, past-MDE>healthy, cardiac=healthy controls. Among depressed patients, there was significant correlation between Ham-D score and all guilt sub-scales (p<0.01), except moral standards. LIMITATIONS: The cardiac group may have less illness burden than currently depressed. CONCLUSIONS: State expression of guilt, shame and low pride distinguish acutely depressed from all other groups, and are highly influenced by severity of depression. Trait-guilt does not differentiate acute from past depressed. Data suggests guilt may represent both an enduring and fluctuating feature of depressive illness over its longitudinal course.

Adult↗