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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

[Status of day care treatment of elderly psychiatric patients in West Germany and West Berlin].

The possibilities as well as the limits of day-hospital treatment for elderly mentally ill patients are described, using as a basis a general survey on the situation of psychiatric day-hospitals in the Federal Republic of Germany and West Berlin. As of July 1, 1982, there were at least seven day-hospitals specializing in psychogeriatric patients, whereas a further eight institutions admitted elderly mentally ill patients as well as the usual patients. For all these day-hospitals a review of the current status is given regarding funds, size of program, integration into the existing network of psychiatric services, referral sources, the individual programs perceived mission, clientele, exclusionary criteria, duration of stay, therapeutic activities and staffing. Finally problems such as indication, clientele and delimitation of other ways of treatment are discussed. Questions are asked with regard to the purpose and the necessity of specialized psycho-geriatric partial hospitalization programs.

Aged↗
PubMed1987

[Prevalence of HIV antibodies in blood donors in the West Germany and West Berlin].

Since 1985 all donor blood in the Federal Republic of Germany (FRG) and West Berlin (WB) have been routinely tested for HIV antibodies. The blood donor services of the German and Bavarian Red Cross have pooled their anti-HIV test data for the first year of operation (July 1985-June 1986) to obtain information on the prevalence of HIV antibodies in blood donors and in donated blood. Of 2.27 million units of blood, donated by 1.33 million donors, 218 were anti-HIV positive in the Western Blot Test, i.e. a prevalence rate of 10 per 100,000 donors. The prevalence was, as expected, higher in males than females. During the test period the anti-HIV prevalence fell, both as a total and in all subpopulations. In the second quarter of 1986 it had decreased to 6 per 100,000 donated units.

Antibodies, Viral↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Models of gerontologic/geriatric education in West Germany and West European countries].

In the years 1978-1983, a total of 2200 students came into contact with Gerontology/Geriatrics in the course of their university education in the Federal Republic of Germany. The largest group is that of students in the field of Social Work/Pedagogy/Adult Education. The number of students of medicine who come into contact with Geriatrics/Gerontology is minimal as yet. Concepts of education have been furthest developed by the WHO. These concepts take into consideration the interdisciplinary character of the discipline and the necessity of a broad foundation of knowledge applied by the practicing geriatrician. However, only very few universities follow along these lines. As far as geriatrics is encompassed into the curricula of medicine, the teaching follows the concept of examplary learning, with due attention paid to the interdisciplinary character of the subject. Teaching primarily aims at sensitising the student. The most encompassing curricula in social gerontology are offered by the University of Nijmegen in its courses of Psychological Gerontology. In general, the subject tends to be treated at random and by no means systematically. Gerontological courses in the field of Social Work follow the concept of exemplary learning. It is in this field that the first broad post-graduate training is offered. Courses bearing the character of a studium generale are experimented with. In part, they address themselves to older students and practicing physicians as well as to other professions engaged in practical work for the elderly. The gerontologist/geriatrician with all-encompassing knowledge will not come into being. What can be aimed at is a specialist in his own field and right, equipped with qualified general knowledge in Gerontology/Geriatrics.

Curriculum↗
PubMed1989

[Coding of cause of death for mortality statistics--a comparison with results of coding by various statistical offices of West Germany and West Berlin].

1.136 death certificates representing all 1985 Bremen cardiovascular deaths and a 50%-sample of non-cardiovascular deaths in the age group 25-69 years were analyzed for reliability of nosologists' coding according to ICD-coding rules (9th revision). The 1.136 photocopied death certificates were used to assess intra-observer-variation in Bremen and to determine inter-observer-variation among 7 nosologists from 6 different State Statistical Offices and the Federal Statistical Office. Intra-observer-agreement in Bremen was found to be similar to the results presented in a comparable US-study: Bremen: 92.1%; Curb et al. 1983: 94.8%-96.1%; 3-digit-ICD-Code. Inter-observer-agreement was found to be much lower in Germany than in two US-studies: 3 coders agreeing on 3-digit-ICD-Code: Bremen: 67.7% (average, 3 coders out of 7); Curb et al.: 90.2% (3 coders); 3 coders agreeing on 4-digit-ICD-Code: Bremen: 61.5%; NCHS 1980: 90.3%. Agreement-rates were also much lower in Germany than in the USA (Curb et al.) when particular disease groups were analysed: Ischaemic heart disease (ICD 410-414): Bremen: 82.7% (average); USA: 97.2%; cerebrovascular disease (ICD 430-438): Bremen 65.6% (average); USA: 93.2%; neoplasms (ICD 140-239): Bremen: 94.0% (average); USA: 97.8%. We conclude that training, individual characteristics of nosologists, and other factors may cause important artifacts when comparing German mortality statistics on a regional level or during different time intervals.

Berlin↗
PubMed1990

[HIV-1 prevalence in deaths caused by drug overdose in various large cities of West Germany and West Berlin between 1985 and 1988].

The development of the HIV-1-prevalence among drug deaths (n = 753) in several German cities (West Berlin, Frankfurt, Munich, Hamburg, Bremen, Cologne and Stuttgart) from 1985 to 1988 was evaluated; in 1988 43% of 674 deceased drug addicts were examined. The regional prevalence rate was between 15 and 25%; only in Berlin 42% of the drug deaths were HIV-infected (cumulated data of all cities over the 4-year-period: 26%). There was no uniform or steady regional development of HIV-1-prevalence in the different cities. The ratio men/women among drug deaths was 3:1. The HIV-1-prevalence among males was 22%, among females 40%. HIV-infected individuals were 2-3 years older than seronegatives. Predictions concerning the trend of prevalence rates are not possible up to now. Continuous monitoring of the HIV-status of drug deaths seems to be a worthful method to evaluate the spread of this disease among the risk group of intravenous drug addicts.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1989

[The natural experiment--health systems with special reference to prevention in East germany and West Germany].

Even now, decades after the partition, the GDR and the FRG have a few things in common besides many differences in their Public Health systems. Although the roots were originally common and date back to a time long before von Bismarck was at the helm of German affairs, the differences that are now in evidence have evolved under the influence of different politicocultural systems-a natural experiment. This situation is now reviewed in the following article, although very little literature or current comparable data are available. Particular emphasis in this review is on preventive care.

Germany, East↗
PubMed1982

[Epidemiology of malignant melanoma in East Germany and West Germany].

Data are given on the incidence of the malignant melanoma in the German Democratic Republic. The latter steadily increased from 1955 to 1975, i.e., from 1.55/100,000 (male) and 1.80/100,000 (female) to 3.1/100,000 (male) and 4.3/100,000 (female). A genuine increase of the incidence can be proven by age standardization from 1968 to 1975. Between 1955 and 1975 the incidence in men and women doubled in the German Democratic Republic. The death rate from malignant melanomas is about stationary. The survival rate in men lies about 50%, that in women is higher. In the Federal Republic of Germany about 1,674 incidences in 1969, about 1,825 in 1974, and more than 2,000 incidences of malignant melanomas in 1975 were to be expected. UV radiation and chemical carcinogens influence the incidence of the malignant melanoma in our area.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

Gender differences in the decline of mortality rates of acute myocardial infarction in West Germany.

In Germany in 1994, 86,915 people died from acute myocardial infarction; 56.3% of these cases were male. The corresponding mortality rates per 100,000 were 116.1 in men and 87.9 in women. The male-female mortality ratio in 1994 was most pronounced for males aged 45-54 years with a relative risk of 5.7 (95% CI, 5.2 to 6.2). The mean age of death was 70.5 years in men and 78.6 years in women, reflecting a difference of 8.1 years. In both genders, mortality rates of acute myocardial infarction in the former Federal Republic of Germany (West Germany) started to decline in 1980. This decline summed up to -37.8% (95% CI, -38.9 to -36.8) in men and -25.7% (95% CI, -27.1 to -24.3) in women until 1994. The difference in gender-specific decline was significant. The steepest decline was achieved for men in the 25-44 year age group and for middle-aged women of 45-64 years. An increase could be observed for both genders over 85 years. The mean age of death from myocardial infarction, however, increased in the same time period by 2 years in men and 4 years in women.

Adult↗