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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2002

Hereditary cancer syndromes of the gastrointestinal system.

Gastrointestinal (GI) malignancies account for a large percentage of the cancer burden in the United States. Although the majority of cancer cases are sporadic, approximately 5% to 10% of cancer results from inherited genetic mutations. There are several hereditary cancer syndromes of the GI tract that have been identified. To date, the genetics of colorectal cancer and its associated hereditary cancer syndromes have been characterized in detail, and effective screening modalities and recommendations have been incorporated into standards of care. Today, scientists are beginning to understand the genetic basis of pancreatic and gastric cancer, and in some cases have identified a number of their associated inherited cancer syndromes. Information about cancer genetics and hereditary cancer syndromes not only will provide advanced practice nurses with knowledge of these diseases but also, more importantly, will provide opportunities to improve patient care by providing patients with treatment options and opportunities for the early detection and prevention of cancer.

Gastrointestinal Neoplasms↗
PubMed2001

Congenital gastrointestinal system malformations in a 5-year post mortem series.

The aim of this study was to determine the types and frequencies of congenital gastroinstestinal (G-I) tract malformations on post mortem in the period from 1996 to 2000. Autopsy protocols of aborted fetuses, stillborn infants and infants that died within 7 days after delivery were retrieved from the archive and studied. Cases of cleft lip and/or palate, biliary tract, pancreatic and diaphragmal malformations were not included in the study. During the mentioned period, 1251 autopsy was performed with 127 showing some malformation. G-I tract malformation was diagnosed in 37 cases (2.9% and 29.1%, respectively). Most frequent malformations were atresias at the different level of the G-I tract (56.75%), followed by omphalocoele (35.13%) and gastroschisis (8.1%). Of atresias, the most frequent were oesophageal and anorectal (38.1% of atresias, each). A striking male preponderance (2.36:1) in the frequency of G-I malformations was noticed. Isolated G-I malformations were found in 32.4%, different but simultaneous G-I malformations in 5.4% and association with other organ system(s) malformations in 62.2%. Omphalocoele and anorectal atresia were associated with other organ system malformation(s) in 34.8%, each. Other organ systems affected by malformation besides the G-I tract were cardiovascular system (65.21%), urogenital system (also 65.2%), gastrointestinal system with the malformation of another kind or atresia at the different level (17.4%), CNS (17.4%), skeletal system (26.1%) and other organs or systems (30.7%).

Autopsy↗
PubMed1977

Genetics and cancer of the gastrointestinal system. Annual oration in honor of Herbert M. Stauffer, M.D., 1914-1970.

Familial aggregations of tumors may occur in virtually all organ systems. The gastrointestinal tract is a frequent site for the development of cancers having an hereditary basis. Their recognition has important relevance to cancer control and prevention. In addition, detailed clinical and laboratory studies of inherited tumors may throw light upon the cause of the more common forms of gastrointestinal neoplasms. Radiologists must have a working knowledge of the genetic and diagnostic elements of each in order to fulfill their responsibilities to the patient, the patient's family and the referring physician.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed2000

[Estimation of adverse drug reactions by the evaluation scores of subjective symptoms (complaints) and background of patients. V. Drug-induced gastrointestinal system disorders].

OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to develop, implement, and assess an estimation procedure for preventing adverse drug reaction by subjective symptoms (complaints) of patients. This time, we focused and studied on drug-induced gastrointestinal system disorders. METHODS: We have built a database for CARPIS (Case Reports of Adverse Drug Reaction and Poisoning Information System) since 1987. We studied 224 cases of drug-induced Gastrointestinal System Disorders (stomach or colon disorders: 148, esophagus disorders: 31, pancreas disorders: 45) cumulated in the CARPIS database. The evaluation scores were created based on the subjective symptoms and backgrounds of the patients. We estimated 224 cases using these evaluation scores. RESULTS: We could estimate 137 cases (92.6%) in 148 cases to be stomach or colon disorders by the use of these evaluation scores. The validity of this evaluation scores was estimated to be as follows: Sensitivity = 92.6%, Specificity = 95.0% and Predictive Value of Positive Test (PVP) = 96.5%. The positive likelihood ratio (LR) was 18.5 and negative likelihood ratio was 0.08. On the other hand, in the case of esophagus disorders, PVP was 84.8% and LR was 18.1. In the case of pancreas disorders, PVP was 90.7% and LR was 21.7. CONCLUSIONS: In this study, PVP and LR values were good. We thought that these evaluation scores could pick up the drug-induced gastrointestinal system disorders efficiently. We reported previously the evaluation scores about drug-induced liver disorders, extra-pyramidal symptoms, leukopenia and eruption before. In order to apply these evaluation scores onto the clinical practice, we prepared an evaluation form for subjective symptoms and backgrounds of the patients with adverse drug reactions. As a result, the adverse reactions symptoms of each one defined more.

Adverse Drug Reaction Reporting Systems↗