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Results for “Family Reconstitution”

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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Altered parenting and the reconstituted family.

Reconstituted families are a high incidence phenomena in contemporary society. Because the family continues to be a focus for the delivery of nursing care, nurses must now address the special needs of individuals who are members of reconstituted families. Studies in this area provide important background information regarding behavioral patterns in reconstituted families that can be used for assessment and intervention with these families. Through the use of focused assessment parameters, nurses can collect data that will indicate the special needs of members of reconstituted families. In general, nursing interventions with clients who are a part of a reconstituted family fall into two major categories: (a) developing positive parenting behaviors, and (b) protecting the development of the stepchild.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

Season of birth and reproductive performance: an analysis of family reconstitutions of 800 women born in The Netherlands at the end of the 19th century.

BACKGROUND: Several studies have reported associations between season of birth and reproductive characteristics such as menarcheal age, fecundability, and twinning, but the results are inconsistent with respect to the location of high- and low-risk seasons. To assess whether this disagreement could be due to the use of populations from different geographic areas and time frames instead of different etiologic pathways, we investigated the season-of-birth dependency of a variety of reproductive outcomes within one time- and area-limited population. METHODS: In a historic follow-up study, the reconstituted families of 800 women born between 1873 and 1887 in or near Rotterdam, The Netherlands, were used to determine eight types of reproductive outcome: childlessness, interval to first pregnancy, pregnancy interval, stillbirth, neonatal death, postneonatal death, multiple birth, and gender of offspring. The relation of these outcomes with season of birth was modeled using cosinor functions with periods of 1 year or a half year. Data were analyzed by use of logistic regression or general estimation equations (GEE), dependent on whether outcomes could occur more than once per woman. RESULTS: Peaks in the model-based risks of reproductive failure were found within two small temporal ranges, January 1 to February 11 and July 1 to August 11 for all outcomes except gender. The picture did not change after controlling for known and possible risk factors, including age, offspring's birth cohort, and some social variables. CONCLUSIONS: This study reconfirms the idea that seasonal factors around conception or birth influence later reproductive characteristics. Observing the consistency of the location of high-risk seasons across a variety of outcomes, the explanation of season-of-birth dependency of different reproductive outcomes need not involve multiple etiological pathways.

Female↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Computerized family reconstitution on a large data-base: the SOREP system].

This article outlines a new system for computerized family reconstitution. It has been developed in the last 10 years by a multidisciplinary team of Quebec researchers belonging to the Inter-University Research Center on Populations (SOREP). Basically, this system is characterized by 1) an attempt to computerize as much as possible every step involved in the process of reconstitution, 2) a set of tools devised for identifying and measuring all forms and degrees of similarity between names and surnames, 3) a technique to process cases of ambiguous links, 4) a set of programs used to assess the quality of the data and the strength of the links created, and 5) an attempt to maximize the performance of the linkage work in terms of both efficiency and accuracy. The system has been designed to support several kinds of analyses, from social history and demography to population genetics. The paper contains a brief overview of the current state of research in the field record linkage, an introduction to the Saguenay population register, and a description of the system itself which has utilized sucessfully in the last year on the 660,000 Saguenay parish records, covering the period 1842-1971.

Americas↗
PubMed2006

Does the sex of firstborn children influence subsequent fertility behavior? evidence from family reconstitution.

According to recent studies in evolutionary anthropology, firstborn daughters influence both parity progression and sibling survival by acting as so-called helpers at the nest. Based on 534 sets of household data from family reconstitution, the current analysis fails to show that offspring sex had any direct impact on maternal fertility, sibling survivorship, birth spacing, or reproductive span. Instead, the results indicate that fertility decisions were heavily affected by proximate factors such as child mortality and gender preferences. Families who had experienced child death were swift to substitute the loss with another pregnancy--a phenomenon known as replacement strategy. Similarly, a surplus of daughters acted as a strong impulse for parity progression, not because of potential helping effects but in an attempt to conceive additional sons. This is particularly apparent when the odds of grandmultiparity are considered.

Birth Order↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Fecundity of daughters born after short, intermediate, or long birth intervals. An analysis of family reconstitutions from The Netherlands, late 19th-early 20th century.

In an historical cohort study, we compared the reproductive performances of women born after short (< 14 completed months), intermediate (21-32 completed months), and long (> 39 completed months) birth intervals. Of the initial study base, comprising family reconstitutions of 1,425 women born between 1873 and 1902 in or around Rotterdam (The Netherlands) and married before age 45, a large portion (data of 1,001 women born between 1888 and 1902) was uninformative because of (unintended) selection on birth control behavior. Among the remaining 424 women, those born after very short birth intervals (less than 1 year) showed higher likelihood of childlessness and stillbirth in the offspring than those born after intermediate intervals (adjusted odds ratios (OR) and 95%-confidence intervals: 7.7 [1.8-33.0] and 3.3 [1.3-8.3], respectively). The latter association, however, nearly disappeared after restriction to women whose preceding sibling lived at least 1 year. Women born after modestly short intervals (12-13 months) exhibited longer interpregnancy intervals. So did women born after long birth intervals, but this might well be attributable to intergenerational transmission of reproductive behavior. These results indicate that fecundability is reduced in women born after short birth intervals.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

Mother's age and daughter's fecundity. An epidemiological analysis of late 19th to early 20th century family reconstitutions.

BACKGROUND: At both ends of the female reproductive span, the risk of reproductive problems is increased. We hypothesize that this is partly explained by inadequate maturation of oocytes ('pre-ovulatory overripeness'). As this phenomenon has been shown to lead to gonadal anomalies in the offspring of animals, we tested the prediction that daughters of older and very young mothers more often suffer reproductive problems due to ovarian maldevelopment. METHODS: We analysed family reconstitutions of 1907 women born in Rotterdam, the Netherlands, between 1873 and 1902. We defined several measures of fecundity based on numbers, birth rates and fates of offspring. We made use of general estimating equations (GEE), a statistical technique that allowed simultaneous analysis of different births per woman while controlling for various time-dependent or time-independent co-variables. RESULTS: The results indicated an increased risk of childlessness (adjusted odds ratio (aOR = 2.6, 95% CI : 1.1-7.4), stillbirth (aOR = 2.5, 95% CI : 1.1-5.6) and multiple birth (aOR = 2.1, 95% CI : 0.8-5.4) for daughters of mothers of >or=40 years as compared to daughters born to mothers of intermediate age (24-30 years). Daughters of mothers of <or=20 years, on the other hand, did not appear to have reduced fecundity. CONCLUSION: The results point to a decreased fecundity of daughters of older mothers, but not of daughters of younger mothers. The inconsistency of the results with respect to the oocytal-maturation hypothesis points to the action of other causal or non-causal mechanisms.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

Family dissolution, family reconstitution, and children's educational careers: recent evidence for Sweden.

Both longitudinal and cross-sectional analyses on a large and recent Swedish data set demonstrate that, compared to children in intact families, children who have experienced family dissolution or reconstitution show lower educational attainment at age 16. Time constraints do not seem to be an important mechanism behind the negative effect of separation. Economic deprivation affects children's attainment negatively, but downward social mobility appears to be an even more important causal mechanism: Losing the parent with the higher social position probably reduces social capital and aspirations. When we control for socioeconomic characteristics, a small net effect of separation and reconstitution remains.

Child↗
PubMed1999

The association of birth interval, maternal age and season of birth with the fertility of daughters: a retrospective cohort study based on family reconstitutions from nineteenth and early twentieth century Quebec.

In a historical follow-up study, we evaluated the association of the fertility of daughters with five perinatal factors: short (< 15 months) or long (> or = 45 months) preceding birth interval, low (< or = 20 years) or advanced (> or = 40 years) maternal age and season of birth. We used data concerning 2062 women married before the age of 31 and born in the Saguenay region of Quebec, Canada, between 1850 and 1899. Time between the wedding and first birth was used for the estimation of differences in fertility. Using logistic regression and controlling for several potential confounders, we found a slightly increased risk of monthly failure of conception for daughters born after a short but not for those born after a long birth interval (odds ratios [ORs] 1.09 [0.89, 1.33] and 0.87 [0.65, 1.16], respectively, with intervals between 21 and 32 months as the reference category). A slightly increased risk of conceptive failure was also seen for daughters of younger and older mothers (ORs 1.08 [0.89, 1.30] and 1.11 [0.91, 1.35], respectively, compared with maternal age between 24 and 30 years as the reference category). Fertility varied by season of birth (P = 0.02), with summer-born daughters having lowest and winter-born daughters having highest fertility. These results are consistent with the idea that maternal factors before or around birth play a role in the aetiology of reduced fertility. The data, however, do not unequivocally support the hypothesis that gave rise to the present study, namely that ovarian development may be disturbed after conception in conditions with an increased risk of maternal menstrual cycle irregularities.

Adolescent↗