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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1984

The low prevalence of hypertension in Falkland Islands men.

A morbidity survey in the Falkland Islands, conducted in 1979, showed that Falkland Islands men had a lower prevalence of hypertension than their counterparts in the United Kingdon. Such a difference was not found in women.As a migrant population, Falkland Islanders are unusual in that they moved from a developed society to a more traditional setting. In men, but not in women, the change in environment led to a greater proportion of the population engaging in a high level of habitual physical activity and to a low prevalence of obesity.These findings (based on ICD codes rather than BP measurements) are consistent with the hypothesis that such a change in lifestyle may have resulted in the lower population prevalence of hypertension observed in the morbidity survey, and the implications could be important for public health.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2001

Cancer incidence in the Falkland Islands.

Cancer incidence in the Falkland Islands, 1989-2000, was compared with rates in England and Wales, from which most Islanders originate. Colon and rectum cancer incidence was significantly raised 1989-93 but greatly reduced after 1994, when colonoscopic screening in high-risk families and sigmoidoscopic screening in the general population were introduced.

Colonic Neoplasms↗
PubMed2006

Variations in the parasite fauna of the Patagonian toothfish (Dissostichus eleginoides Smitt, 1898), with length, season, and depth of habitat around the Falkland Islands.

The parasite fauna of Dissostichus eleginoides was examined from locations around the Falkland Islands. In total, of 11,362 individual parasites of 27 taxa were recovered from 105 fish. Two species, Ceratomyxa dissostichi and Sphaerospora dissostichi, represent new host records. The nematode Ascarophis nototheniae and the larval acanothocephalan Corynosoma bullosum were found to be new locality records and add to the knowledge of the biogeography and host specificity of parasites on the Patagonian Shelf. There were no significant differences in the mean abundance and prevalence of parasites recovered between sexes. Therefore, sex was not considered in further analysis and the data were pooled. Cysts of unknown etiology (CUE), the monogenean Neopavlovskioides georgianus, the larval acanthocephalan Corynosoma bullosum, and the digenean Neolepidapedon magnatestis had significant positive correlations with increasing host length. The larval Trypanorhynch cestode Grillotia erinaceus and the digenean Elytrophalloides oatesi showed significant negative correlations with increasing host length. CUEs, N. georgianus, the digenean Gonocerca physidis and E. oatesi showed statistically significant prevalence between summer, winter, and spring. The effect of depth on parasite communities was also examined, initially using a linear discriminant function analysis. The prevalence of individual parasites was then compared between depth strata using the chi-square test. The parasite communities on the shelf and deep water (> 1,000 m) were found to be different, whereas those caught at intermediate depths on the shelf slope were found to have parasite communities that were intermediate, containing a mixture of shelf and deeper-water parasites. The causes of the variations in parasite faunas in association with these intrinsic and extrinsic factors are discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed2003

Infection of Sphyrion laevigatum (Copepoda: Sphyriidae) on Genypterus blacodes (Pisces: Ophidiidae) from the Falkland Islands, South Atlantic.

The degree of parasitism by the parasitic copepod Sphyrion laevigatum on kingclip Genypterus blacodes in the Falkland Islands was investigated. In a sample of 719 kingclip, ranging in size from 35 to 145 cm total length, the prevalence of infection was 49%. The number of parasites per fish ranged from 0 to 24, with only 2% of the sample having more than 5 parasites. There was a significant increase in mean abundance of parasites with increasing fish age and length (P < 0.01 and P < 0.05, respectively). In addition, there was a significant difference in the prevalence in 1 of 3 geographical areas for the largest size class.

Age Distribution↗
PubMed1982

The Falkland Islands morbidity survey.

A 12-month retrospective morbidity survey of the Falkland Islands in 1979 is described. A larger proportion of the population appear to have sought medical attention in this time than would be expected on the basis of comparable British figures. In general, cause-specific morbidity was similar in the two countries, although there were several discrepancies identified which may have been of environmental origin. The low prevalence of essential hypertension in males was particularly notable.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

Biological studies of Bolax gummifera, a plant of the Falkland Islands used as a treatment of wounds.

Aqueous and dichloromethane extracts of Bolax gummifera (Lam.) Sprengel (Apiaceae), a plant of the Falkland Islands used as a treatment of wounds, were studied in order to support the ethnopharmacological information related to the medicinal use of this plant. The antimicrobial, antioxidant and red blood cells membrane stabilizing activities were analyzed. The antimicrobial bioassay was carried out using the test turbidity method (OD 620 nm), the aqueous extract showing an 82% inhibition of Staphylococcus aureus but no activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The dichloromethane extract inhibited both microorganisms: S. aureus in 94% and P. aeruginosa in 32%. No antioxidant activity could be observed using hydroperoxide-initiated chemiluminescence in rat liver homogenates. Investigations into the membrane stabilizing activity of the extracts were carried out using human red blood cells subjected to hypotonic- and heat-induced lyses. The aqueous extract showed an important stabilizing activity of the red blood cell membrane.

Animals↗
PubMed2003

Marine debris surveys at Volunteer Beach, Falkland Islands, during the summer of 2001/02.

This survey evaluated the monthly accumulation rate of marine debris and the types of objects washed ashore at Volunteer Beach on East Falkland between October 2001 and March 2002. The mean (+/-SD) accumulation rate of marine debris was 77+/-25 items/km/month, of a mean weight of 17.3+/-12 kg. Forty different objects were collected and the five most frequent items were cotton fabric, string, polystyrene packing sheet, plastic packing tape and broken plastic pieces. The debris on Volunteer Beach was dominated by fishing debris; 42% of the items were discarded fishing equipment, while 39% of the items were of a packaging or associated nature. The mostly likely source of this household waste was fishing vessels, with Falkland Islands Government (FIG) fisheries observers seeing 27 of the 40 items of debris collected from Volunteer Beach being discarded from fishing vessels. It is suggested that, although further marine debris research is warranted, more effective at-sea ship waste disposal regulations are required in Falkland waters to reduce environmental and economic threats both at the local and international level.

Atlantic Ocean↗
PubMed1994

Eradication of Brucella ovis from the Falkland Islands 1977-1993.

A campaign to eradicate Brucella ovis from sheep in the Falkland Islands, using a combination of serological tests and culling, was initiated in 1977 and continued until 1993 when, after a total of 65,266 tests had been carried out, the organism had been eradicated from the national flock. The paper discusses the relative values of the serological tests and suggests guidelines for maintaining the flock free of the infection.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

The basal cell naevus syndrome: a case in the Falkland Islands.

A case of basal cell naevus syndrome is presented. The jaw cysts were proved histopathologically to be odontogenic keratocysts. The multiple naevoid lesions on the skin were identified as basal cell carcinoma. Intracranial calcification is illustrated to a degree not previously reported in a case with this syndrome. The importance of identifying this syndrome is discussed and its presentation in the Falkland Islands is reported.

Basal Cell Nevus Syndrome↗
PubMed1984

Military cold injury during the war in the Falkland Islands 1982: an evaluation of possible risk factors.

Throughout the history of war, there have been many instances when the cold has ravaged armies more effectively than their enemies. Delineated risk factors are restricted to negro origins, previous cod injury, moderate but not heavy cigarette smoking and the possession of blood group O. No attention has been directed to the possibility that abnormal blood constituents could feasibly predispose to the development of local cold injury. This study considers this possibility and investigates the potential contribution of certain components of the circulating blood which might do so. Three groups of soldiers from two of the battalions who served during the war in the Falkland Islands in 1982 were investigated. The risk factors which were sought included the presence or absence of asymptomatic cryoglobulinaemia, abnormal total protein, albumin, individual gamma globulin or complement C3 or C4 levels, plasma hyperviscosity or evidence of chronic alcoholism manifesting as high haemoglobin, PCV, RBC, MCV or gamma glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT). No cases of cryoglobulinaemia were isolated and there was no haematological evidence to suggest that any of those men who had developed cold injury, one year before this study was performed, had abnormal circulating proteins, plasma hyperviscosity or indicators of alcohol abuse. Individual blood groups were not incriminated as a predisposing factor although the small numbers of negroes in this series fared badly. Although this investigation has excluded a range of potential risk factors which could contribute to the development of cold injury, the problem persists.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗