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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1997

[Psychosomatic disorders in the area of environmental medicine. Environmental medicine--environmental psychology].

In environmental medicine, we frequently see patients who have a very firm, sometimes fixated view of the nature of their disease, and they do not except the correction by the physician but only confirmation. Therefore, we face the task to undertake these patients a careful medical and psychological differential diagnosis. In a major number of cases, the symptoms are caused not by supported environmental effects but by an unknown diagnosis, and recognition and treatment would be impossible in case of an uncritical adoption of the patient's illness theory. Further, psychosomatic syndromes, which are well accessible by treatment procedures of psychosomatic medicine, can be diagnosed in many of those patients. This article demonstrates the different kinds of psychosomatic diseases in the area of environmental medicine and its appropriate therapeutic consequences.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

[Epidemiology, social medicine, environmental medicine--a plea for a difficult but necessary integration].

The origins of environmental medicine date back more than 2000 years. The increasing incidence of environmental disease together with successful research into their etiology and pathogenesis have caused an impetus for this discipline in quantitative terms. A growing interest of patients, but also of politicians and parts of the industry in actual or suspected environmental risk factors for health have given rise to controversies--rendering the development of a rational, quality-oriented environmental medicine difficult, if not impossible. Given these controversies surrounding environmental health issues formal demarcations between the traditional disciplines (environmental) epidemiology, social medicine, occupational medicine, and environmental medicine become obsolete. Instead, a common agenda with respect to research, quality assurance, risk communication, and prevention as well as patient counselling and policy advising calls for a conceptual and institutional integration of these disciplines.

Environmental Medicine↗
PubMed1999

[Problem-based learning (POL) in environmental medicine].

"Environmental medicine" is a new sub-discipline in the spectrum of medical specialization in Germany. The Berlin Academy of Occupational Medicine and Health Protection, now a branch of the Berlin Chamber of Physicians, developed a 200-lesson curriculum for physicians who want to specialize in this field. Coincidentally during the initial courses, the attendants were already highly qualified ("Facharzt"-level) and experts in various occupational fields, and hence the composition of the classes was highly heterogeneous on the levels of practical experience as well as theoretical knowledge. The Academy therefore decided to change the teaching method to Problem-Oriented Learning (POL). This required training tutors for small learning groups, supervision for these tutors and supplying adequate teaching materials and a stimulating environment for the student. The "Arbeitsgruppe Reformstudiengang Medizin" (Medicine Curriculum Reform Project) at the Berlin Humboldt University as well as the Dutch Rijksuniversiteit Limburg in Maastricht helped in the process of conceptualization. Participants worked in groups of up to 8 persons under non-directive tutors. A new "case" was presented every day, and the students developed individual learning goals according to the Seven Steps-method, which were then researched individually and with the help of outside experts. The findings were reported back and discussed in the group. Initially there was irritation, but after two or three days participants got used to not being lectured. Instead of being passive recipients of expert knowledge they felt that the POL method of learning enhanced their competence to act independently.

Curriculum↗
PubMed1992

Problem-management questionnaires as a student learning tool in environmental medicine.

Environmental medicine can be defined as the science and art of medicine applied to the interaction between environment and health. In support of the WHO Health for All strategy, the educational programmes encourage closer links between epidemiology, clinical practice and environmental protection, and utilize problem-based learning. For tuition, problem-management questionnaires are a worthwhile tool to assist student learning. Examples are given and a model answer for one of these is appended. Their development, use and evaluation are described. They can be readily prepared from different clinical and environmental problems, and they help to meet identified needs in community-oriented medical education.

Education, Medical↗
PubMed1997

[Risk perception and risk communication in environmental medicine].

Environmental medicine requires special communicative talents in order to inform about risks, to change risk-related behavior or to reassure people with excessive risk-related anxieties. We provide some guidance on how to accomplish these communication tasks. First, the results of psychological risk perception research are outlined, and the cognitive and affective factors, which determine laypeople's risk appraisal, are explained. Then, the basic problems of risk communication are described and the tasks and duties of medical risk communication are specified: How can risk information be indicated in an appropriate way? Which risk comparisons can be provided to enhance understanding? What are the advantages and drawbacks of risk comparisons? What criteria can be used to evaluate the quality of risk assessment studies? What are the Do's and Dont's of risk communication? And, how should anxieties about risks be approached?

Environmental Monitoring↗
PubMed1989

[Contributions of experimental and clinical medicine to environmental medicine].

Contributions towards the system of risk assessment and risk management are the most important topical tasks to be solved by environmental medicine. This covers the whole range of hazard evaluation for chemicals, assessment of exposure (biomonitoring), systematic development of biological markers for effects and the detection of damages on the organism-, organ-, cellular and subcellular level, the epidemiology of environmentally related diseases, and the elaboration of computer-assisted models for the conception of risk assessment and risk management in terms of a better preventive efficiency in the field of environmental medicine.

Environmental Health↗
PubMed1989

[The environment, knowledge and preventive medicine. 3. The radical approach of conservative medicine--preventive environmental medicine as the physician's responsibility].

To develop a strategy of environmental medicine it is necessary to harmonize the scientific and the holistic ways of thinking. On the basis of a holistic philosophy it is possible to set up a constructive system of values that looks ahead and the assessment of anthropogenic pollutions of the environment. It is imperative to change the way of thinking.

Environmental Pollutants↗
PubMed2002

Predictive value of human biomonitoring in environmental medicine: experiences at the outpatient unit of environmental medicine (UEM) of the University Hospital Aachen, Germany.

There is little data on the distribution of biomonitoring parameters in patients at outpatient Units of Environmental Medicine (UEM). We evaluated the biomonitoring parameters of 646 UEM outpatients from our University Hospital 1988-1998. Few patients were exposed to specific substances. Data of patients who were not obviously exposed was analysed statistically (geometric mean, standard deviation, median, 95th percentile). Results were compared with reference values in literature. Normal distribution of biomonitoring parameters was rare. 95th percentiles for arsenic, chromium, selenium, zinc, phenol and toluene were below standard, 95th percentiles for copper and mercury above, and 95th percentiles for lead, cadmium, pentachlorophenol, lindane, and beta-hexachlorocyclohexane were within the published range of reference values. Thallium as well as most volatile organic compounds analyzed were below detection levels. Aluminum and fluorine exposure was rarely analysed. In view of these results, it is concluded that the indication for biomonitoring needs to be stringent as levels of biomonitoring parameters are generally not risen in patients of the UEM.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2006

A bibliometric analysis in the fields of preventive medicine, occupational and environmental medicine, epidemiology, and public health.

BACKGROUND: Research in the fields of Preventive Medicine, Occupational/Environmental Medicine, Epidemiology and Public Health play an important role in the advancement of knowledge. In order to map the research production around the world we performed a bibliometric analysis in the above fields. METHODS: All articles published by different world regions in the above mentioned scientific fields and cited in the Journal Citation Reports (JCR) database of the Institute for Scientific Information (ISI) during the period 1995 and 2003, were evaluated. The research production of different world regions was adjusted for: a) the gross domestic product in 1995 US dollars, and b) the population size of each region. RESULTS: A total of 48,861 articles were retrieved and categorized. The USA led the research production in all three subcategories. The percentage of articles published by USA researchers was 43%, 44% and 61% in the Preventive Medicine, Epidemiology, and Public Health subcategories, respectively. Canada and Western Europe shared the second position in the first two subcategories, while Oceania researchers ranked second in the field of Public Health. CONCLUSION: USA researchers maintain a leadership position in the production of scientific articles in the fields of Preventive Medicine, Occupational/Environmental Medicine and Epidemiology, at a level similar to other scientific disciplines, while USA contribution to science in the field of Public Health is by all means outstanding. Less developed regions would need to support their researchers in the above fields in order to improve scientific production and advancement of knowledge in their countries.

Bibliometrics↗
PubMed1990

[environmental medicine and public health service].

Trying to Define "Environmental Medicine", "Environmental hygiene" and "hygienic environmental protection", the relation between Public Health service and environmental medicine are discussed. The study demonstrates that the practice of environmental medicine, in this case illustrated by the work of a Public Health Office, can be classified on the one hand according to the tasks which a Public Health Office has to perform concerning environmental medicine, and on the other hand according to the methods and resources of its work. This classification exercises, consequently, an influence on the personal and technical equipment and on the organisation of a Public Health Office. Finally, an attempt is made to outline the practice of environmental medicine peculiar to a Public Health Office.

Environmental Health↗