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Results for “Endocrine System”

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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1998

Cross sectional observation of the effects of carbon disulphide on the nervous system, endocrine system, and subjective symptoms in rayon manufacturing workers.

OBJECTIVES: A prospective cohort study was initiated to clarify whether the current level of exposure to carbon disulphide (CS2) is low enough to prevent occurrence of subclinical health impairments or to ameliorate health effects due to past high exposure. This paper describes the effects of exposure to CS2 on the nervous and endocrine systems, and the subjective symptoms in a baseline observation. METHODS: The effects were evaluated of CS2 on the median nerve conduction velocity, neurobehavioural and psychological tests, and subjective symptoms related to solvents in 432 male workers exposed to CS2 and 402 reference workers from 11 rayon factories in Japan. Adjustment was made for potential confounding factors such as age or alcohol drinking. Exposure to CS2 was either dichotomised or categorised into three groups by job type. RESULTS: Reductions were observed in motor (-1.9 m/s) and sensory (-0.91 m/s for orthodromic and -1.1 m/s for antidromic) nerve conduction velocities in the workers exposed to CS2 at the spinning and refining processes. Small but significant increases were found in self rated depression scale score and decrease in digit span (backward) in the workers exposed to CS2. Of 54 subjective symptoms many were increased--namely, heavy feeling in the head, light headedness, fainting after suddenly standing up, tremor, dullness, and increased sensitivity of skin in the extremities, reduced grasping power, reduced sexual desire, and increased rough skin. The endocrinological indicator--the concentration of glycosylated haemoglobin--was also increased in the workers exposed to CS2. CONCLUSIONS: Subclinical effects on the nervous system and on glucose metabolism were found in the workers exposed to CS2. One interpretation is that relatively higher exposure to CS2 in the past may induce these, but the effects are still not entirely ameliorated under the current exposure to CS2. Another possibility is that the current exposure to CS2 may cause these positive findings. A follow up observation is necessary to clarify these questions.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

Prospects for research for disorders of the endocrine system.

Endocrine disorders, primarily diseases of the thyroid, parathyroids, pituitary, gonad, and adrenal glands, constitute a major health problem in all societies. As a result of improved insight into the diagnosis, pathophysiology, and molecular bases, it is now possible to diagnose the disorders earlier in their development, and the treatment of the deficiency states for most hormones is successful. Furthermore, with recognition that many of these disorders are either the consequence of single-gene mutations or have a major genetic component, it is now possible to diagnose affected fetuses and family members at risk. Therapies for the syndromes of hormone overproduction are less successful and frequently result in destruction of the endocrine organ involved, and the treatment of hormone resistance states is similarly unsatisfactory. These disorders are candidates for the development of superagonists/antagonists and gene therapies.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

Pharmacologic management of patients with diseases of the endocrine system.

Endocrine disorders are commonly seen in the general population. This article discusses the physiology, pathogenesis, and the medical and dental management of patients with thyroid, parathyroid, and pituitary gland disorders. In addition, the pharmacologic treatment, common side effects, and dental drug interactions of concern are discussed.

Dental Care for Chronically Ill↗
PubMed2005

[Aging and the endocrine system].

Blood pressure is maintained for preventing from the progression of damage of central nervous system. Endocrine system plays important roles in the prevention from the damage through the functional deviation. Hypertension is one of the results of the endocrinological deviation. Although the hypertension induced by the endocrinological deviation is a risk for the progression of metabolic syndrome, it is important in the maintaining activity of central nervous system.

Aged↗
PubMed1998

Environmental modulation of the immune system via the endocrine system.

Numerous studies have demonstrated that a variety of hormones have receptors and exert biologic actions on tissues of the immune system. Conversely, cytokines exert biologic actions on the endocrine system. This bidirectional interaction is likely involved in maintenance of physiological and immunologic homeostasis. This paper summarizes a variety of actions of growth hormone (GH), prolactin (PRL), insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I), glucocorticoids and thyroid hormones (TH) on the immune system. It then proceeds to put these actions into a hypothetical context whereby these hormones may mediate some changes in immune system function in response to environmental stimuli such as physical and emotional stress, nutritional deprivation and environmental temperature. In the first example, it is proposed that PRL secretion in response to stress may serve an immunomodulatory role in two ways. The first is by stimulating the immune system directly and the second is by dampening or reducing the degree to which glucocorticoids are secreted in response to stress. The second example suggests that the increase in GH secretion and reduced IGF-I secretion in response to protein/energy restriction may have two potential immunomodulatory actions. One action is a direct effect of GH on several components of the immune system. The other is the partitioning of nutrient use away from skeletal muscle growth and toward tissues of higher priority such as the immune system. The third example proposes that the increased secretion of TH during cold environmental temperatures not only increases basic metabolic rate, but also directly stimulates both primary and secondary lymphoid tissues. It is suggested, therefore, that these three hormones are involved in maintaining immune system homeostasis in response to environmental change.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

AANA journal course. The endocrine system. Preoperative evaluation and physical assessment of the patients. Part III-The endocrine system.

The endocrine system is primarily concerned with governing body processes. Abnormalities of this system can lead to wide-spread pathophysiological effects. Since patients with underlying endocrine disease are frequently encountered in the operating room, an understanding of the normal gland and its pathology is essential. Because these patients are at increased risk, the identification of these patients and optimum preoperative planning are imperative.

Education, Nursing, Continuing↗
PubMed1994

The forgotten system: endocrine dysfunction during multiple system organ dysfunction.

One of the greatest challenges for critical care nurses today is managing the patient in multiple organ failure. As recently as 7 years ago, multiple organ failure was just being identified as a syndrome. Once identified, immediate prophylactic multisystem support was emphasized. Since then, there has been some measure of success in decreasing mortality, but further avenues must continue to be explored. Current research indicates that the unexplained, uncontrolled release of inflammatory mediators is a common occurrence in multiple organ failure. Because so much is yet unknown about the devastating effects of these mediators, it is even more imperative to monitor all body systems as early as possible, before irreversible damage occurs. One area that is often overlooked during multiple organ failure is the endocrine system. Normally volatile during any stressful period, the endocrine response may provide significant clues during the progression of multiple organ failure. Monitoring the endocrine response can help to control this progression. This article will heighten the critical care nurse's awareness of subtle changes in patient condition that are the result of endocrine dysfunction. Recognizing endocrine dysfunction will then help differentiate between reversible symptoms and those harmful effects of chemical mediators that are currently untreatable. This enhanced understanding of the endocrine response will promote the ability to assess and comprehensively care for patients in multiple organ failure.

Critical Care↗