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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1978

Observations of globular membranes and apparent elementary particles in rat mitochondria, in situ.

Ultrastructural details of rat skeletal muscle, fixed in a PIPES-buffered glutaraldehyde solution, included the globular configuration of the outer and inner mitochondrial membranes as well as small transparent particles (80--100A diameter) distributed throughout the matrix of these organelles. The size of these particles and their intimate relationship with the innermost surface of the cristae suggests that they may represent an in situ visualization of the elementary particles once reported in intact cells and frequently observed in negatively stained mitochondrial preparations. The membrane configurations and particles were not discernable in these tissues when a phosphate buffer system was used in the fixation regimen.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Elementary particles in isolated rat liver and spleen nuclear membranes.

Elementary spherical particles similar to those described in the mitochondria are found in isolated rat liver and spleen nuclear membranes. The particles are characterized by electron microscopy of sections and preparations negatively stained with phosphotungstic acid or with the ATPase histochemical reaction product. The particles exhibit adenosine triphosphatase activity and have a mushroom-like shape with a sphere about 85-90 angstrom in diameter attached to inner face of the inner nuclear membrane by a stalk about 50 angstrom in length and 35 angstrom in diameter. It is supposed that these particles, just as analogous particles localized at the inner mitochondrial membrane, are involved in the coupling of oxidation and phosphorylation in the nuclear envelope.

Adenosine Triphosphatases↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The non-conservation of parity in the domain of elementary particles and a possible mechanism for the delivery of energy from the ATP molecule.

A model is presented for the delivery of energy from the ATP molecule. The mode indicates the development of the following stages: a) A water molecule is fixed at the level of the high energy bond, b) The electronic cloud of the (PIII----OII) covalent bond turns around the nucleus of the oxygen (OII) atom. Subsequently, the phosphorus atom is left out from the covalent bond and the proton of the water molecule is included in a new covalent bond. c) The proton moves from 1.76 A to 0.97 A internuclear distances. The internuclear energy diminishes and the difference in energy is transmitted to an electron of the covalent bond, which presents a suitable spin and direction of motion to receive it. The symmetry in mirror is not conserved in this process. The symmetrical in the mirror corresponding to this process can exist only in antimatter.

Adenosine Triphosphate↗
PubMed1975

The formation of a complex between the membrane structures of the mitochondria and DNA of nonmitochondrial origin.

The ability of decomposed rat liver mitochondria, stripped of their outer membrane (fracton C) to bind 14C-DNA of phage T4 was demonstrated. The bound phage DNA is 10-15% resistant to treatment of fraction C with DNAase I. Treatment of fraction C with sarcosyl (final concentration 0.1%) and centrifugation in a linear sucrose gradient (20-50%) permits the detection of a label in the Mt-DNA-membrane complex, isolated at 35% sucrose. Further fractionation of the membrane complex on sepharose 4 B promotes the detection of the label in "elementary particles of transcription" [1], structural units of the inner membrane, containing specific centers for binding to DNA. The centers of binding of the elementary particles of transcription possess greatest affinity for Mt-DNA; however, they are also capable of binding DNA of various origin (both the DNA of eucaryotes and that of procaryotes). The significance of fixation of DNA of nonmitochondrial origin by the membrane structures of the mitochondria is discussed.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Participation of species specific and group specific ornithosis antigens in immune reactions].

The immunogenic properties of the species-specific antigen localized in the elementary particle membrane and group-specific or inner antigen of the causative agent of ornithosis were studied. The species specific antigen was shown to induce the antibody neutralizing the infectious properties of the agent as well as those agglutinating elementary bodies, inhibiting hemagglutination, and complement-fixing antibody detectable in the direct and indirect complement-fixation tests. The results indicate that the antigens most clearly defining the species-specific properties of the causative agent of ornithosis are localized in the elementary particle membrane. These antigens may be used for differential diagnosis studies employing not only CFT but also other antibody tests.

Agglutination Tests↗
PubMed1975

On the origin of molecular "handedness" in living systems.

Elementary particle effects (beta-decay) provide at best only a weakly handed radiation in the biologically effective energy ranges. Global magnetic effects coupled to sunlight are randomized by paleomagnetic reversals. Hence a persistent terrestrial handed bias at possible local biopoetic sites offers a more promising explanation for the origin of the "handedness" of the molecules found among living systems on earth. Magnetite in lava flows maintains a handed bias for surface catalysis through many magnetic reversals. Magnetite contaminated with sulfur has already been proposed by Granick as a biopoetic site because it provides a weak source of chemical energy derived by photochemical conversion. Indirect evidence for this hypothesis has been provided by the molecular structure of ferredoxin - a single strand of the 14 primordial amino acids wrapped around an FeS core. Lava flows have been suggested as biopoetic sites by Fox, since their temperature and chemical composition might allow for the rapid synthesis of prebiotic compounds at the surface of the primitive earth. The additional fact that magnetite in lave flows also provides a persistent handed site for surface catalysis offers a further argument for the experimental investigation of this specific biopoetic environment.

Biological Evolution↗
PubMed1976

Polarized bremsstrahlung not the source of optical activity.

An evaluation is made of the previously proposed scheme (polarized beta-particles leads to circularly polarized bremsstrahlung leads to optically active molecules) by which dissymmetry at the elementary particle level may be transmitted to the molecular level. The calculations suggest that much too small a fraction of the total energy of the electron appears as light, capable of causing photochemical resolution, to explain results obtained in the laboratory on the preferential radiation-induced decomposition one enantiomer of chiral amino acids.

Amino Acids↗
PubMed1989

High-resolution low-temperature scanning electron microscopy for observing intracellular structures of quick frozen biological specimens.

Intracellular structures of rapidly frozen biological tissues were observed in 3-D under a low-temperature scanning electron microscope using a newly developed side-entry type cryo-holder. The present low-temperature SEM is simple, easy to operate and effective for observing biological materials at high magnification. Biological tissues (the pancreas, small intestine, brown adipose tissue and Harderian gland) freshly removed from the mouse were immediately frozen in liquid propane cooled with liquid nitrogen, and their surfaces were manually fractured using a precooled razor blade in liquid nitrogen before introducing the cryo-holder into the SEM. When intracellular structures were revealed after appropriate sublimation, the specimens were coated with gold using a metal evaporator fitted to the side of the microscope column at one of the specimen chamber ports. The cryo-holder was connected to a copper braid coming from a liquid nitrogen reservoir to maintain a low temperature. Using this method, intracellular structures such as the mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum were demonstrated at high magnifications. Ribosomal granules were discerned on the rough endoplasmic reticulum of the pancreatic acinar cells. Granular substances, presumably elementary particles, were also recognized on the mitochondrial cristae of the brown adipose tissue. The method was particularly effective for studying the 3-D configuration of lipid droplets which had been difficult to preserve by chemical fixation.

Adipose Tissue, Brown↗
PubMed1988

Deafferentation pain in man.

Pains of various etiologies are described in so many overlapping ways that verbal descriptions alone do not permit a valid distinction between those pains associated with neurological injury (with or without sensory loss) and those associated with neurological compression. Nor does the fact of some sensory loss plus pain constitute a useful classification to determine either the mechanism of the pain or its treatment. Progress is more likely to ensue if we seek to characterize in detail each type of painful lesion. Evidence for these conclusions is drawn from cases of brachial plexus injury, trigeminal rhizotomy and tractotomy, postcordotomy dysesthesia and central pain treated by regional guanethidine block. Examples of the value of totally innovative approaches are drawn from the physics of elementary particles.

Afferent Pathways↗
PubMed1986

Physical bases for a triad of biological similarity theories.

The dimensional analysis of physics, based on the MLT-system (M = mass, L = length, T = time), can be applied to the living world, from mycoplasmas (10(-13) g) to the blue whales (10(8) g). Body mass (M), or body weight (W), are utilized as convenient reference systems, since they represent the integrated masses of all elementary particles--at the atomic level--which conform an organism. A triad of biological similarities (mechanical, biological, transport) have been previously described. Each similarity was based on two postulates, of which the first was common to all three, i.e., the constancy of body density; whereas the second postulates were specific for each of the three theories. In this study a physical foundation for these second postulates, based on three universal constants of nature, is presented, these are: 1) the acceleration of gravity (g = LT-2); 2) the velocity of light (c = LT-1); and 3) the mass-specific quantum (h/m = L2T-1). The realm of each of these biological similarities is the following: 1) the gravitational or mechanical similarity (where g = constant), deals mainly with the relationship between a whole organism and its environment, particularly with locomotion. The acceleration of gravity (g) is also one of the determining factors of the "potential" energy (E = m.g.H), where m is the mass, and H is the height above the reference level; 2) the electrodynamic similarity (formerly biological similarity), (c = constant), is able to quantitatively define the internal organization of an organism from both a morphological and a physiological point of view.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Biological Transport↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Molecular computer. Biological physics and physics of the real world].

Any mind (man or computer) using Physical laws is a part of physical world, and thus it is necessary to correct physical laws for taking into account influence of the work of real limited computer on the predicted result. If we suppose that univerce was constructed to be supreme regular for mind, then this correction is negligible and on principle there is possibility to calculate relation between fundamental physical and biophysical constants. Two main principle are proposed: 1. The principle of minimum action and uncontrole influence of mind. 2. The maximum asymmetry of elementary particles, which are allowed by first principle. The first principle requires the upper and the lower limits for all physical values, and first of all the upper limit for velocity (c) and the lower limit for action (h). The second principle allows to construct the minimal physical elements for mind.

Biophysical Phenomena↗
PubMed1976

[Basic changes in neurons in the peripheral regions of the human nervous system during pathologic processes (electron microscopic study)].

Compensatory-adaptational and reparative reactions were studied in bodies, processes, receptors and synapses of the human peripheral nervous system and in the innervated substrate (myocardium, kidney, liver) by means of electron microscopy. An extreme increase of the electron density of macromolecular protein formations of specific elementary particles was revealed, in particular, in the outer layers of the hypertrophid mitochondria cryst membranes at 50000.000 magnification. These particles are considered as mitochondria precursors.

Cell Nucleus↗