Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “Eclampsia”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1975

Blood coagulation profile in Indian patients with pre-eclampsia and eclampsia.

Twelve Indian patients with pre-eclampsia, 15 with eclampsia and 15 with normal pregnancy in the third trimester were investigated. A systemic bleeding diathesis was encountered in two patients with eclampsia and in none with pre-eclampsia; two patients with pre-eclampsia, however, had excessive uterine haemorrhage. Coagulation studies showed statistically significant prolongation of thrombin time, elevation of serum fibrinogen degradation products (FDP) and hypofibrinogenaemia in patients with pre-eclampsia as well as eclampsia. In patients with eclampsia, significant thrombocytopenia also occurred. Euglobulin lysis time showed no significant change in patients with pre-eclampsia and eclampsia. There was no significant difference in the coagulation profile between patients with eclampsia and pre-eclampsia, except for more hypofibrinogenaemia in the former. The laboratory findings suggest the occurrence of intravascular coagulation in patients with pre-eclampsia and eclampsia.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Eclampsia. VII. Pregnancy outcome after eclampsia and long-term prognosis.

OBJECTIVES: Our goal was to report pregnancy outcome and long-term prognosis after eclampsia. STUDY DESIGN: Women whose pregnancies were managed at the E.H. Crump Women's Hospital between August 1977 and April 1989 were studied. A total of 223 women with eclampsia underwent follow-up for an average of 7.2 years. Thirteen had preexisting hypertension and 210 were normotensive (31 were multiparous and 179 were nulliparous). RESULTS: Among these women 23 who were multiparous and 159 who were nulliparous had 366 subsequent pregnancies: 22% of pregnancies were complicated by preeclampsia, 1.9% by eclampsia, and 2.5% by abruptio placentae; 2.7% resulted in perinatal death. Within the nulliparous group, women who had eclampsia before 37 weeks' gestation in the index pregnancy had significantly higher incidences of preeclampsia and poor perinatal outcome in subsequent pregnancies as compared with those who had eclampsia at greater than or equal to 37 weeks' gestation; the highest incidence of obstetric complications occurred in those having eclampsia at less than or equal to 30 weeks. Twenty of the 210 normotensive women (9.5%) had chronic hypertension on follow-up; the highest incidence (17.9%) being in those with eclampsia at less than or equal to 30 weeks and the lowest incidence (4.8%) in those having eclampsia at greater than or equal to 37 weeks. Women with eclampsia who had preeclampsia in subsequent pregnancies had a higher incidence of chronic hypertension as compared with those who were normotensive in subsequent pregnancies (25% vs 2%, p less than 0.0001). Long-term maternal complications included dialysis required in one patient and one case of cardiomyopathy in women with chronic hypertension; there was one maternal death in a women with chronic hypertension. None of the women had evidence of neurologic deficit or seizures during follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: These findings should be used in counseling women who have had eclampsia and are considering future pregnancies.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Management of severe pre-eclampsia and eclampsia by UK consultants.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the current management of severe pre-eclampsia and eclampsia in the United Kingdom. DESIGN: One-page postal survey to all (1007) UK consultant obstetricians with questions about use of antihypertensive and anticonvulsant drugs in severe pre-eclampsia and eclampsia, other management strategies, definition of factors determining severity, protocol development and regional review. RESULTS: 688 replies (69.6% response rate). The antihypertensive drugs used were mainly oral labetalol (35%), oral methyl dopa (23%) and parenteral hydralazine (29%); diuretics were not used. Diazepam was the preferred drug in eclampsia. Very few consultants used magnesium sulphate (2%). Anticonvulsants were also prescribed by 85% of consultants to prevent fits; the drugs then preferred were diazepam (41%), phenytoin (30%) and chlormethiazole (24%). Two-thirds of consultants felt there was a need for trials to study the effectiveness of antihypertensive and anticonvulsant drugs. In a woman with proteinuric hypertension, 15% of consultants did not regard the development of headache as indicating severe pre-eclampsia. Consistent management practices were not associated with agreement about protocols. Regional review does not appear to have occurred. CONCLUSION: Antihypertensive and anticonvulsant therapies are widely used but trials are considered necessary. Improvements in the management of women with severe pre-eclampsia or eclampsia might occur if UK obstetricians sought more collective opinion and undertook regional audit of protocols.

Anticonvulsants↗
PubMed1992

The efficacy of phenytoin in relation to serum levels in severe pre-eclampsia and eclampsia.

OBJECTIVES: To investigate the efficacy of phenytoin in relation to total and free serum levels in patients with severe pre-eclampsia and eclampsia. DESIGN: Prospective descriptive study. SETTING: Labour Ward, King Edward VIII Hospital, Durban, South Africa. Tertiary referral centre serving an underprivileged community. SUBJECTS: Eleven patients admitted with a hypertensive crisis. Four patients had eclampsia and 7 had impending eclampsia. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Free and total phenytoin levels; efficacy of phenytoin as an anticonvulsant and side-effects of therapy. RESULTS: Although total phenytoin levels were within the therapeutic range, free phenytoin levels were abnormally high in all patients. Three patients (2 with eclampsia and 1 with imminent eclampsia) each had a seizure after phenytoin treatment had been initiated. CONCLUSION: Neither total nor free phenytoin levels were good predictors of seizure control. It is postulated that the poor performance of phenytoin as an anticonvulsant in severe eclampsia may relate to inadequate distribution of the drug to the brain as a result of cerebral oedema and poor cerebral perfusion rather than paradoxical seizure activity associated with high free phenytoin levels.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Studies on plasma fibrinogen level in pre-eclampsia and eclampsia.

The plasma fibrinogen level of maternal blood has been estimated in 30 cases of pre-eclampsia, 60 cases of eclampsia and 35 cases of normal pregnancy of 3rd trimester. The plasma fibrinogen value increased by about 70% and 145% in pre-eclampsia and eclampsia, respectively. In essential hypertension, the fibrinogen level remains more or less the same as in normal pregnancy.

Eclampsia↗
PubMed1977

The management of severe pre-eclampsia and eclampsia.

With improving standards of antenatal care, severe pre-eclampsia dn eclampsia are becoming less common and experience in the management of these conditions is lessening. Co-ordinated plans for the care of patients should be established by obstetricians and anaesthetists working as a team. A suitable regime for drug therapy in severe pre-eclampsia or eclampsia is the following: Initial management Diazepam 10 mg slowly i.v. Pethidine 100-150 mg i.m. or i.v. in incremental dosage, or extradural blocks, if analgesia is also required. Hydrallazine 20 mg i.v. initially, followed by 5 mg at intervals of 20 min until the diastolic pressure is less than 110 mm Hg. Then, preferably by syringe pump in a concentration of 2 mg/ml, at a rate of 2-20 mg/h. If vomiting occurs this can be controlled by administration of atropine. Subsequent management Sedation and anticonvulsant therapy. Continue diazepam and, in severe cases, institute chlormethiazole infusion. Continue analgesia with pethidine or extradural block. Control of hypertension by adjusting the dose of hydrallazine. If tachycardia exceeds 120 beat/min give propanolol 2-4 mg i.v. Plasma protein depletion with groww oedema is treated by administration of salt-free albumin or plasma protein fraction. Diuretic therapy is indicated if there is gross oedema or signs suggestive of acute renal failure. Oliguria associated with increased blood urea may be a result of renal failure or dehydration. The latter should be evident from the patient's condition and central venous pressure, but i.v. fluids and frusemide 20-40 mg can be used as a therapeutic test. Mannitol reduces cerebral oedema and may be given if diuresis has been first produced with frusemide. Potassium chloride is given if the plasma potassium decreases to less than 3 mmol/litre. Heparin therapy is considered if there is clinical evidence of disseminated intravascular coagulation.

Chlormethiazole↗
PubMed1975

Treatment of pre-eclampsia and eclampsia as a hypoperfusion syndrome.

A therapeutical program in pre-eclampsia and eclampsia is presented. The results in 10 patients suggest that the same basic program as is used in the hypoperfusion syndrome can be used in pre-eclampsia and eclampsia: Chlorpromazin to combat vasoconstriction and dilate the vascular bed. Plasma expanders, plasma, albumin and glucose with electrolytes to fill up the dilated vascular bed and restore the tissue perfusion. Buffers to combat acidosis, oxygen to combat hypoxemia, hypertonic Mannitol to mobilize edema. Furosemide to force diuresis.

Acidosis↗
PubMed1978

[Pros and cons in the therapy of hypertensive gestoses. I. Pre-eclampsia and eclampsia].

The authors report on the modern trends and the pro and contra in treatment of pre-eclampsia and eclampsia. Ambulatory therapy is only allowed in mild preeclampsia by rest, high-protein lowcaloric diet and mild sedation. Also during the stationary therapy diuretics should be commonly avoided. As sedative drugs magnesium sulfate, diazepam, clomethiazole and barbiturates are recommended. Antihypertensive drugs are given when the blood pressure exceeds 180/110 mm Hg. Favoured drugs are hydralazine, methyldopa and beta adrenergic substances. For the treatment of eclampsia well tried standardized methods with few drugs as magnesium sulfate and when necessary barbiturates and hydralazine are mentioned, furthermore, the combination with new therapeutic managements as the osmo onco-therapy and the modern anaesthetic technics. There is agreement that in severe preeclampsia induction of labor should be performed before term. The indication for that is facilitated by the modern perinatal diagnostics.

Antihypertensive Agents↗
PubMed1977

Studies of lymphocyte populations in pre-eclampsia-eclampsia.

The possibility that the etiology of toxemia might be immunologic has been held for over 70 years. In the past decade, numerous studies have been instituted in attempts to verify the possible role of the immune system in this disease. The present study was undertaken as a probe to determine if a gross difference in the numbers of T and B cell lymphocyte populations might exist between pre-eclamptic and normally pregnant women. Twenty-five normally pregnant women in the third trimester were compared to 25 pre-eclamptic women, and significant differences were noted. If, indeed, there is an immunologic basis for pre-eclampsia, it is more subtle than the methodology used in this study is capable of detecting.

B-Lymphocytes↗