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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2004

[Allergy to house dust mites: allergy independent symptoms dominate].

A sensitisation to allergens has not always a clinical relevance. Therefore, the history has an uppermost importance for defining the relevance of a sensitisation. In contrast to the history in seasonal rhino-conjunctivitis, which causes typical complains in a restricted time period patients with house dust mite allergy seem to have less defined complaints. To define the most relevant symptoms of this frequent allergy, we evaluated 35 patients with clearly defined house dust mite allergy by a questionnaire and evaluated the same questionnaire also in a control group of 18 patients without sensitisation or asthma. The symptoms described in the patient group confirm that symptoms of house dust mite allergy are frequently not related to a direct allergen exposure. Some patients complained about itchy red eyes in the morning, but the majority of symptoms occurred independent from allergen exposure. These are blocked nose as well as exercise induced asthma. These symptoms are present all year around and are not only restricted to mite exposed areas. They are probably related to the underling eosinophilic inflammation. Thus exercise induced asthma and blocked nose are symptoms, which may indicate a mite allergy, particular in younger patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2003

Effect of mattress and pillow encasings on children with asthma and house dust mite allergy.

BACKGROUND: House dust mite (HDM) allergy is a frequent cause of allergic asthma in children. Reduction of exposure seems to be the most logical way to treat these patients. OBJECTIVE: Our aim was to investigate whether mattress and pillow encasings resulted in an effective long-term control of HDM allergen levels, thereby reducing the need for asthma medication in children with asthma and HDM allergy. METHODS: In a prospective, double-blind, placebo-controlled study 60 children (age range, 6-15 years) with asthma and HDM allergy were randomized to active (allergy control) or placebo mattress and pillow encasings. After a 2-week baseline period, follow-up was performed every 3 months for 1 year. During the entire study period, the dose of inhaled steroids was tapered off to the lowest effective dose according to well-defined criteria. RESULTS: Fifty-two patients completed the trial, and 5 were excluded, leaving data from 47 children (26 in the active treatment group and 21 in the placebo group) for analysis. A significant perennial reduction in HDM allergen concentrations was seen only for the active treatment group. Also, a significant decrease in the dose of inhaled steroids (mean, 408 to 227 microg/d; P <.001) was found for the active treatment group only, with significant differences between groups after 9 and 12 months. After 1 year, the dose of inhaled steroids was reduced by at least 50% in significantly more children in the active treatment group than in the placebo group (73% vs 24%, P <.01). CONCLUSION: Encasing of mattresses and pillows resulted in a significant long-term reduction in HDM allergen concentrations in mattresses and in the need for inhaled steroids in children with asthma and HDM allergy.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2001

Safety evaluation of a glutaraldehyde modified tyrosine adsorbed housedust mite extract containing monophosphoryl lipid A (MPL) adjuvant: a new allergy vaccine for dust mite allergy.

A new allergy vaccine is currently under clinical evaluation for the prevention or relief of symptoms caused by specific housedust mites. It consists of a 50:50 mixture of the mite Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus and D. farinae protein derived from aqueous extracts of the mites which is chemically modified by glutaraldehyde and adsorbed onto L-tyrosine with addition of the immunostimulatory adjuvant, monophosphoryl lipid A (MPL) "Polymite". A specific preclinical safety testing strategy was developed to support clinical use and comprised single and repeat dose toxicity, reproduction toxicity and local tolerance studies. Dose levels of up to 0.5ml for the mouse and up to 1ml for both the rat and the rabbit were used. Overall, the product was shown to produce no toxicological findings of significance at levels greatly in excess to those proposed for clinical use. A not unexpected, but relatively minor, immunostimulatory effect was seen following repeated dosing (once weekly for 13 weeks) at 1ml per rat; the Polymite formulation also resulted in injection site reaction which can largely be attributed to the presence of tyrosine. No reproduction toxicity was found.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗
PubMed1983

A new strategy in the control of house dust mite allergy.

Elimination of house dust mites by chemical means has so far been disappointing. Based on recent knowledge that house dust mites depend on fungi for their growth, a fungicide, natamycin was sprayed on the mattresses of patients at regular intervals. Forty patients with residual symptoms of allergy to house dust mites under optimal treatment, including house dust-free measures, were selected for the study. Among the 28 patients who completed the study, 15 were improved, 9 remained the same and 4 were worse. These data strongly suggest a beneficial effect of natamycin on the symptoms of allergy to house dust mite. They warrant further investigation with control groups and assessment of the mite population of the bedding.

Bedding and Linens↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Epidemiology, diagnosis and treatment of the house-dust-mite allergy in asthmatic children].

Authors introduced as the first in Yugoslavia the method of isolation and classifying Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus out of house dust using the first the help of Spieksma, Cunnington and Araujo, later on by themselves in new established laboratory. In house dust of 290 houses of asthmatic children in 88 (30,8%) through of cases mites were found, mostly Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus. 212 asthmati children who did not react well to specific hyposensitisation with standard house dust extract showed an allergy to house dust mites in 76 (35,8%), who were successful treated with allergen extract Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus with the cutaneous method of hyposensitisation. House dust mites allergy has clinical importance in asthmatic children for pathogenesis of asthma bronchiale in childhood as well in adults. IgE values in the serum after the radioimmunological method in asthmatic and healthy children has been estimated. In asthmatic children we found statistical significant higher of IgE values in the serum as in healthy children, this is probably caused by the infestation from Ascaris lumbricoides. Asthmatic children were significant stengher infesteds the healthy children.

Asthma↗
PubMedDate not supplied

House dust mite allergy in Florida. Mite survey in households of mite-sensitive individuals in Tampa, Florida.

This study evaluated the prevalence of positive house dust mite skin tests in a population of atopic individuals and identified the mite species present in mattress and house dust samples in homes of the Tampa Bay area. Four hundred consecutive individuals were evaluated for respiratory complaints and skin tested with standardized extracts of Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (Dp) and Dermatophagoides farinae (Df). Two hundred forty individuals (60%) had a positive skin test to the mite extracts. Dust samples were collected in 40 homes of mite-allergic individuals and analyzed by light microscopy. Mite species were found in 53 of the 60 dust samples (20 mattresses and 40 carpets). Mite numbers ranged from 110-6200 mites/g of mattress dust and from 120-5500 mites/g of carpet dust. Eleven different mite species were identified and Blomia tropicalis (Bt), not previously identified in the United States, was found in 30% of the samples. Dp and Df wee the predominant species. These observations suggest that house dust mite allergy is common in the Tampa Bay area and that the house dust mite fauna comprises several mite species besides Dp and Df. Prospective studies in progress are designed to confirm the role of different mite species in house dust mite allergy.

Air Pollutants↗
PubMed1992

Allergen avoidance in the treatment of dust-mite allergy and asthma.

House-dust-mite allergen is one of the primary causes of asthma. In many instances, asthma is an immunoglobulin gamma E mediated atopy (i.e., allergen-specific hypersensitivity) that leads to non-specific bronchial hyper-reactivity and subsequent symptom manifestations. These symptoms may range from an annoying cough to full-blown respiratory failure. Allergen-avoidance measures should be a primary mode of treatment for atopic asthmatics. This article focuses on the dust-mite allergen and its relationship to asthma. It details specific avoidance measures that should be implemented by the majority of asthmatics. Studies are cited that support the aggressive use of these measures to decrease allergen exposure, and to subsequently prevent or significantly reduce asthma symptoms. When health care providers have a better understanding of avoidance measures and the rationale underlying their use, these measures are more likely to be valued and given greater emphasis in education and treatment plans. Renewed emphasis on an immunomodulatory approach to asthma treatment may help to reverse the rise in asthma morbidity and mortality rates.

Allergens↗
PubMed1991

Diagnosis of house dust mite allergy.

The medical history may be conclusively descriptive in house dust mite allergy in patients with asthma and rhinoconjunctivitis. Often the patients have both diseases. Sensibilization to D. pteronyssinus and D. farinae can be demonstrated by skin prick testing. If the diagnosis is still doubtful, the next step will be to perform a RAST test or a histamine release test. It is also important to investigate for mite exposure at the patient's residence, if the patient is suspected to be mite-allergic. Allergen challenge test in the shock organ should be performed, if hyposensitization is considered, or if, in a few cases, the mite diagnosis is still doubtful.

Allergens↗
PubMed1983

Diagnosis of house dust mite allergy in asthmatic children: what constitutes a positive history?

Standardized questions were put to the parents of 530 children, referred consecutively for evaluation of asthma, to determine which features in the history were associated with house-dust mite allergy. Bronchial challenge tests performed on 19 of the children confirmed that there is a highly significant association between a positive skin prick test and a positive bronchial challenge test to Dermatophagoides farinae mite antigen. One hundred and eighteen (23%) of the children had positive prick tests to the mite. There is a highly significant association between a positive prick test to mite and a history that the subject's respiratory symptoms become worse when there is exposure to domestic activity that stirs up house dust (vacuuming, dusting, sweeping, making the bed, or shaking out blankets) or that the symptoms improve when out of doors. Seasonal variation and other features in the history are of little value in distinguishing mite-sensitive from mite-insensitive asthmatics. Although the 4% whose only positive prick test reaction was to mite had significant worsening of asthma during the colder months compared with the remainder, most mite-positive subjects had multiple allergies and had no characteristic seasonal pattern. The presence of a positive prick test to mite was not associated with aggravation of asthma either at night in bed or in the morning on awakening. A history similar to that of mite-sensitive subjects was elicited in those with a positive prick test to house dust. A positive history of house dust or house-dust mite allergy in asthmatics is one in which respiratory symptoms become worse during domestic activity that stirs up house dust or improve when outdoors.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Dust-free bedrooms in the treatment of asthmatic children with house dust or house dust mite allergy: a controlled trial.

Twenty asthmatic children with prick tests positive for house dust or house dust mites were allocated to two groups that were matched for severity. One group was provided with zippered vinyl covers for pillows, mattresses, and box springs, and instructions for making the bedroom as easy to keep clean as a hospital ward; the other group was not. At the end of a 1-month study period, there was a marked and statistically significant difference in symptoms and signs of asthma between the two groups. Those with a dust-free bedroom had fewer days on which wheezing was observed, medication was given, or an abnormally low peak expiratory flow rate was recorded. Bronchial tolerance to aerosolized histamine significantly improved in the group whose bedrooms had been modified. A dust-free bedroom diminishes bronchial irritability and is a practical and effective method for decreasing asthma in children with house dust or house dust mite allergy.

Asthma↗
PubMed1994

Effects of an acaricide on asthmatic children with house dust mite allergy.

D'Allergen is a recently available acaricidal and allergen reducing agent. To study any beneficial effects of treating houses with this agent in asthmatic children with dust mite allergy, histamine bronchial responsiveness was measured in 18 children before and 6-8 weeks after their homes were treated with the agent. Comparisons were with nine similar asthmatics whose homes were not treated. The mean provocative concentration of histamine causing a 20% fall in forced expiratory volume in 1 s (PC20) increased from 1.02 mg/L to 2.07 mg/L in all 18 children who were studied (1.01 doubling doses). Bronchial responsiveness was relatively unchanged in a well matched control group of nine children studied over comparable time periods (PC20 pre was 1.25 mg/L, PC20 post was 0.67 mg/L). The results suggest that treating homes with D'Allergen reduces bronchial reactivity in asthmatic residents with house dust mite allergy.

Administration, Inhalation↗
PubMed1999

Linkage of house dust mite allergy with the HLA region.

BACKGROUND: Atopy is a multifactorial disease, the pathogenesis of which is influenced by both genetic and environmental conditions. Genes in the HLA region have been involved in the control of the IgE response. OBJECTIVE: In order to investigate whether allergy to house dust mite is associated with HLA in our population, we performed sib-pair analysis in 18 families and a case/control study of 161 non-related individuals. METHODS: Levels of total and specific IgE were determined, skin-prick tests were carried out and clinical history was reviewed for every subject in the study. HLA class II typing was performed by the polymerase chain reaction with sequence specific primers. RESULTS: We observed a significant difference from expected values in haplotypes shared by affected sibs; however, the case/control study did not reveal any association with any particular allele. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that any particular HLA-DRB1/DQA1/DQB1 allele is responsible for the development of allergy to house dust mite in the Spanish population. Some other locus in or close to the HLA region might be involved, e.g., the tumour necrosis factor gene, a possibility that would explain the significant difference from expected values in the segregation of HLA haplotypes.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

The evaluation of skin prick test in house dust mite allergy in Calcutta, India.

Immediate type allergy towards house dust and house dust mites was measured in 188 dust-sensitive asthmatic patients in and around Calcutta by using the skin prick test. Of the 131 positive patients, 82% reacted to Dermatophagoides mites, 80% to D. farinae, 46% to D. pteronyssinus, and 43% to both species of mites. Sixty-two per cent of the positive patients showed strong skin reaction to D. farinae as compared to 32% to D. pteronyssinus. Skin reaction (positive/strong) was highest in D. farinae as compared to other allergens tested in the present study. Skin test results were also analysed in relation to patients' age, sex and duration of disease.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

Discrepancies between in vitro and in vivo tests for house dust mite allergy: in domestic exposure a better predictor than sensitization?

We subjected seven asthmatic children to two bronchial allergen challenges, first with an extract from the house dust mite Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (Der p) and then Dermatophagoides farinae (Der f), or vice versa. All children had elevated specific serum IgE to both species as well as reactions by crossed radioimmuno/electrophoresis (CRIE) to both group I and II allergens from both species. Immunoabsorption and subsequent analysis by CRIE showed a considerable concentration of serum IgE with specificity for epitopes common to the two species of house dust mite. Home dust sampling established that all children were exposed to Der f and only two to Der p. On bronchial provocation tests, all responded to Der f with an immediate reaction and five with a late reaction, only three of seven showed an immediate response to Der p, with four of the seven showing a late reaction. Our data could indicate that the local allergic immune reaction in the respiratory tract is sustained by ongoing exposure, and may thus have a different species specificity than the response reflected in the serum. In conclusion, our data indicates a lack of association between in vitro and in vivo tests for house dust mite allergy, which supports the continuing need for monitoring current clinical sensitization by allergen provocation tests and by measuring domestic exposure to the corresponding allergen. Extended studies are needed to support our findings.

Allergens↗
PubMed2002

Clinical evaluation of the effect of anti-allergic mattress covers in patients with moderate to severe asthma and house dust mite allergy: a randomised double blind placebo controlled study.

BACKGROUND: The use of anti-allergic mattress covers in patients with asthma can result in a large reduction in the level of house dust mite allergen in dust samples. Apart from a reduction in histamine induced bronchial hyperresponsiveness, there are few data on the effect of mattress covers on clinical efficacy and quality of life in patients with moderate to severe asthma. METHODS: Thirty patients with asthma and house dust mite allergy were studied in a randomised, double blind, placebo controlled study. Before and after using anti-allergic covers for 1 year, dust was collected from the mattresses to determine concentrations of Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (Der p 1), and bronchial hyperresponsiveness and quality of life were measured. The patients scored their symptoms (lungs and nose), morning and evening peak flow values, and rescue medication for 14 days before and after the intervention period. RESULTS: There was a significant reduction in the concentration of Der p 1 in the dust collected from the mattresses in the actively treated group after 1 year compared with before treatment; no change was found in the placebo group. In both the actively treated and placebo groups there was no significant improvement in PC(20) histamine. Quality of life improved similarly in both groups. The symptom score of the lower airways did not significantly change in either group. A significant decrease in nasal symptom score was seen in the actively treated group compared with before treatment, but there was no significant difference between the groups. No changes in morning and evening peak flow values, peak flow variability, nor in the use of rescue medication were found in either group. CONCLUSION: The use of anti-allergic mattress covers results in significant reductions in Der p 1 concentrations in carpet-free bedrooms. However, in patients with moderate to severe asthma, airways hyperresponsiveness and clinical parameters are not affected by this effective allergen avoidance.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2003

Death in anaphylaxis in a man with house dust mite allergy.

Up to recently the post-mortem diagnosis of anaphylaxis has been based solely on circumstantial evidence. With the development of assays for mast cell tryptase it is now possible to verify cases of suspected anaphylaxis. Here we present one such case, which initially appeared to be due to sudden death of unknown cause. A 47-year-old farmer was found dead in his bathroom around midnight. Hospital records revealed that he had previously been diagnosed with an allergy to house dust mites. He had also had infrequent episodes of airway symptoms, nausea, hypotension and diarrhoea usually after going to bed. The forensic autopsy did not give any clue to the cause of death. Serum tryptase in post-mortem blood was found to be substantially elevated in two samples (170 and >200 microg/L). Analysis of allergen-specific IgE showed high values for Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus and farinae. High mite allergen levels were found in dust obtained from the patient's mattress. The results of the immunological tests support the assumption that he died of anaphylactic shock. The circumstances and the patient's history of previous attacks after going to bed point to the fact that exposure to mite contaminated food and/or exposure to mite allergens in bed might have caused his death.

Adult↗