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Results for “Dry Ice”

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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1991

Permanent marking of colored mice using dry ice.

Freeze marking, using dry ice, was successfully applied to colored mice for permanent, individual, identification. By this method, a 5-8 mm piece of dry ice is pressed against the skin of mice for 10 seconds. About 3 weeks after this treatment, spots of white hair growing at the site of treatment became recognizable to the naked eye, and allowed permanent identification of individual animals thereafter. The white spots were very clear in colored mice, and greatly facilitated animal identification as compared to conventional marking methods. Treatment of the animals with dry ice for 10 seconds has no discernible effects on the site of the treatment or the general condition of the animals.

Animal Identification Systems↗
PubMed1976

Dry ice fixation of myofibrils for scanning electron microscopy.

A rapid method of fixation of myofibrils using dry ice is reported. A glass slide or coverslip containing a drop of glutaraldehyde-fixed suspension of myofibrils is placed on dry ice causing the myofibrils to adhere to the glass surface. The specimens are then dehydrated through the alcohols, air dried and metal coated. This technique gives the myofibrils a corrugated appearance under the scanning electron microscope corresponding to the sarcomere banding.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Pilot surveys for proficiency testing of semen analysis. Comparison of dry-ice vs liquid nitrogen shipments.

Two pilot surveys involving routine semen analysis were provided to eight and nine selected laboratories. The laboratories were selected for expertise and geographic diversity. Manual and computer-assisted semen analysis were performed by the participating laboratories on pooled cryopreserved human semen samples following shipment either on dry-ice pellets or in liquid nitrogen (dry shippers). Coefficient of variation values obtained were 13% to 39% for concentration, 19% to 127% for motility, and 42% to 90% for viability. Motility was impaired for sperm shipped on dry ice. However, variances and performance criteria can be established for all analyses. A semen analysis survey is feasible but expensive owing to the shipping costs of cryopreserved semen.

Cell Survival↗
PubMed1991

Compression of foods during freeze-drying: water plasticization at the ice-dry layer interface.

The compressive mechanical properties of freeze-dried green beans show a pronounced decrease in rigidity when moisture content and/or temperature are increased. There exist several temperature and moisture combinations which give common values for mechanical properties. These combinations also give a common compressive behavior. Using this information on mechanical properties, it is possible to predict a stress-strain relationship, if given either a temperature, a moisture content, or the value of a pertinent mechanical property. It is shown that the moisture contents and temperatures that exist in the dry layer during freeze-drying result in mechanical properties that are suitable for compression of the dry layer. From studies on compression behavior during freeze-drying, it is shown that applied compressive pressure is the main determinant of final degree of compression. Increasing the compressive pressure gave a higher compression effect and gave a more rapid drying, presumably due to improved heat transfer in the compressed dry layer. From the above information, a simple method to predict compression behavior during freeze-drying was developed.

Fabaceae↗
PubMed1990

Ocular trauma caused by exploding glass bottles containing dry ice and water.

We treated three patients with severe ocular injuries caused by exploding glass bottles containing a mixture of dry ice chips and water. One patient had a corneal laceration and traumatic cataract with several retained intraocular glass fragments. The second had a scleral laceration without corneal or lenticular involvement. The third suffered a corneal-scleral laceration, with a total retinal detachment. Following surgery, two patients recovered 20/20 vision; the third patient regained only light perception.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Pulp testers and pulp testing with particular reference to the use of dry ice.

Pulp testing is mandatory before any operative procedures, invaluable in the diagnosis of pain and is an essential adjunct in the interpretation of radiolucent areas. Methods of pulp testing are reviewed and the use of dry ice for this purpose is discussed in detail. Limitations of pulp testing are considered. Vitality tests are of only limited use in traumatized teeth. The results are only qualitative and not quantitative.

Dental Pulp Diseases↗
PubMed1991

Comparison of dry ice baited light traps with human bait collections for surveillance of mosquitoes in northern Queensland, Australia.

Adult mosquitoes were collected from April 1984 to September 1985, at 3 sites at or adjacent to the Ross River Dam, north Queensland. The numbers attracted to dry ice baited encephalitis virus surveillance (EVS) light traps and to human bait were similar. Both methods sampled 18 taxa and ranked the abundances of Culex annulirostris, Anopheles annulipes s.l., Aedes vigilax, Mansonia uniformis and Ma. septempunctata similarly at each locality. Significant correlations between the 2 methods were found for all 5 of the dominant species, but were stronger for Ae. vigilax, Ma. uniformis and Ma. septempunctata than for Cx. annulirostris or An. annulipes. Human bait attracted more Cx. annulirostris, Ae. vigilax and Ma. uniformis than the EVS traps. The relative effectiveness of the 2 methods varied significantly with time for Cx. annulirostris and An. annulipes, but both methods revealed similar long term population trends. These data suggest that EVS surveillance may be better suited for sampling Ae. vigilax, and human bait (or alternatively animal bait) or a combination of both methods would be more appropriate for sampling Cx. annulirostris at the dam.

Aedes↗
PubMed1992

Techniques and instrumentation.

There are many methods used to stimulate acupuncture points to achieve therapeutic objectives. Among the most frequently employed are physical pressure or vacuum (acupressure and cupping), temperature variation (cauterization, moxibustion, electronic heat devices, infrared lamps, ultraviolet lights, ice, dry ice, and surface coolants such as ethyl chloride), ultrasound (sonapuncture), injection therapy (aquapuncture), implantation of various materials into points, laser stimulation (laserpuncture), and electrostimulation of the acupuncture points, with or without needles (electroacupuncture). This chapter describes these techniques, their uses, and place in acupuncture therapy.

Acupuncture Therapy↗
PubMed1977

Carbon dioxide hazards in general aviation.

There are numerous reports of carbon dioxide fire extinguishers or significant loads of dry ice causing actual or potential carbon dioxide intoxication leading to accidents or incidents, both in the military and in the airlines. To evaluate the significance of the problem in general aviation, dry ice sublimation reported in literature and measured sublimation was theoretically applied to general aviation aircraft, and carbon dioxide from fire extinguishers was measured, both in static and flight condition. The results indicate that the use of carbon dioxide fire extinguishers or the transportation under some conditions of dry ice could produce levels which could cause severe anxiety due to respiratory stimulation or actually produce pilot impairment and contribute to or cause accidents.

Aircraft↗
PubMed1977

The effect of freezing and the influence of isolation medium on the recovery of pathogenic fungi from sputum.

The primary objective of this study was to determine whether freezing sputa in dry ice had any effect on the recovery of pathogenic fungi. Sputa seeded with each of five fungi (Histoplasma capsulatum, Blastomyces dermatitidis, Cryptococus neoformans, Coccidioides immitis, and Aspergillus fumigatus) were frozen and stored for 24, 48, and 72 hours on dry ice. H. capsulatum was killed, and only a few colonies of B. dermatitidis and C. neoformans were isolated from these sputa. However, A. fumigatus and C. immitis withstood the effects of freezing. A second objective was to compare the recovery of all five fungi from seeded sputa stored at room temperature for 24, 48, and 72 hours, on yeast extract-phosphate agar with NH4OH and on Sabhi agar. The yeast extract-phosphate agar with NH4OH was superior to Sabhi agar, for the isolation of all fungi studied, except A. fumigatus.

Agar↗
PubMed1978

Method for maintaining viability of Clostridium perfringens in foods during shipment and storage: collaborative study.

A collaborative study was conducted in 12 laboratories to determine the effectiveness of a new method for maintaining vegetative cells of Clostridium perfringens in viable condition during storage and transport of food specimens to the laboratory. The collaborative results showed that treatment of brown gravy and roast beef samples with an equal amount by weight of sterile buffered glycerol-sodium chloride solution to give a final 10% glycerol concentration and storage with Dry Ice for 10 days at -56 degrees C resulted in plate counts of C. perfringens which were 2-4 log cycles higher with 2 different strains than counts with untreated specimens stored by the usual method at -20 degrees C. Plate counts obtained with the treated specimens stored with Dry Ice were less than 1 log cycle lower than counts made with identical specimens before freezing for storage and shipment to the collaborators. The results with treated specimens were also more uniform among the different laboratories. Because the new method for storage and shipment of food samples was so effective for maintaining viability of the organism, the official first action method for C. perfringens (46.B01) was changed to incorporate these procedures as part of the method.

Bacteriological Techniques↗
PubMed1979

[Vitamin A in irradiated foodstuffs (author's transl)].

Vitamin A losses induced by 10 MeV electrons in cream cheese, calf liver sausage, pig liver, whole egg powder and margarine continued to increase during storage for 4--8 weeks in presence of air. Thus vitamin A loss in sausage irradiated with 5 Mrad was 22% on the day after irradiation, 61% after 4 weeks. Irradiation and storage at 0 degrees C instead of at ambient temperature reduced these losses considerably. Exclusion of air (vacuum, nitrogen) or irradiation on dry ice (approx. -80 degrees C) were even more effective in preventing destruction of vitamin A. After 4 weeks of storage, cream cheese irradiated at 5 Mrad had lost 60% when irradiated and stored in air at ambient temperature, 20% in nitrogen atmosphere, 5% in vacuum package, and 5% when irradiated on dry ice and stored at ambient temperature.

Drug Stability↗