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Results for “Donor selection”

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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2026

Donor selection in living-donor lung transplantation for familial pulmonary fibrosis: A narrative review and single-center practical approach.

In Japan, living-donor lobar lung transplantation (LDLLT) remains an important therapeutic option because of the persistent shortage of brain-dead donors. Interstitial lung diseases (ILDs) are a major indication for transplantation; however, the use of biologically related donors raises concerns regarding shared genetic susceptibility. Approximately 20% of ILD patients have a family history of ILD, referred to as familial pulmonary fibrosis (FPF). FPF is defined as fibrotic ILD occurring in at least two first- or second-degree relatives and is associated with poor prognosis regardless of the presence of identifiable genetic variants. Furthermore, interstitial lung abnormalities have been reported in 14-22% of first-degree relatives of patients with FPF, suggesting a substantial latent risk of disease development both in donors and recipients. These findings have important implications for donor selection in LDLLT. At Kyoto University Hospital, first-degree relatives from affected lineages are generally excluded as donor candidates, whereas relatives from unaffected family branches may be considered after careful individual assessment. Even in cases without a family history, biologically related donor candidates should be adequately informed of the potential future risk of ILD. Future directions include the incorporation of genetic testing and telomere length assessment and the establishment of prospective cohorts to enable risk stratification and long-term outcome evaluation. In conclusion, the selection of donors for LDLLT in patients with FPF requires a cautious and individualized approach that integrates family history, clinical evaluation, and genetic information to balance donor safety with access to transplantation.

Humans↗
PubMed1978

Platelet transfusion therapy. Optimal donor selection with a combination of lymphocytotoxicity and platelet fluorescence tests.

Although the value of HLA matching for the selection of platelet donors for patients refractory to random platelets is beyond doubt, even perfectly matched combinations sometimes fail to give a satisfactory transfusion response. With HLA typing and negative lymphocytotoxicity crossmatches, 35% of the platelet transfusions administered to 15 patients gave disappointing results (29 of 82). Additional crossmatching with the newly developed platelet fluorescence test described in this paper reduced the unexpected transfusion failures to 7% (6 of 82). Five of these failures were observed in one patient. The target of the antibodies detected with this platelet fluorescence test is not yet fully specified. It seems probable that both HLA and platelet-specific non-HLA antibodies were detected. No correlation of the results of platelet transfusions with the presence or absence of leukoagglutinating antibodies was found.

Blood Donors↗
PubMed1979

Brain-dead kidney donor: selection, care, and administration.

Over four and a half years a district general hospital provided 34 cadaveric kidneys for transplantation. All brain-dead patients were regarded as potential donors, flow charts being used to maintain circulation and urine formation and facilitate administration. With this system the time lapse between diagnosis of brain death and removal of kidneys ranged from three to six hours and ischaemia was minimised. It is concluded that adoption of the system by other hospitals of comparable size would result in enough good-quality kidneys to satisfy present needs, thus reducing the initial high failure rate and enabling more patients to be accepted for dialysis.

Brain↗
PubMed1977

Importance of donor site selection in skin grafting.

Skin grafting has been done for over 100 years, and the importance of the type of graft--split thickness, full thickness or composite--has been well established. However, the importance of selecting a donor site that is appropriate to the type of graft and to the patient's age and sex has received scant attention, despite the fact that, in many cases, the scar at the donor site may prove to be of greater long-term concern to the patient than the initial injury. Examples of malchosen donor sites are presented and a plea is made for more careful selection by all concerned with skin grafting.

Cicatrix↗
PubMed1978

Corneal donor material selection.

Histologic study of eyes used as donor material for corneal transplant revealed one instance of massive leukemic infiltration with leukemic keratic precipitates on the fellow eye. In another eye, microabscesses composed of acute and chronic inflammatory cells containing Crytococcus neoformans were present. In a third patient metastatic anaplastic cells were present in the choroid. We think donor eyes are absolutely unacceptable if death was caused by any chronic neurologic disorder, unless clearly secondary to trauma. Eyes from patients with septecimia, hepatitis, jaundice and any evidence of any active viral infection, syphilis, and positive serology are also unacceptable. Extreme caution should be used in selecting eyes of patients with ocular or systemic malignancy, long-term diseases, particularly if immunosuppressive agents were used, where a history of eye disease exists, including corneal disease or dystrophy, iritis, absolute glaucoma or acute glaucoma, and eyes with a history of previous intraocular surgery.

Bacterial Infections↗
PubMed1977

Mixed leukocyte culture incompatibility index for donor-recipient selection in kidney transplantation.

The mixed leukocyte culture test has been applied to selection of histocompatibility non-identical donor-recipient pairs for renal transplantation. The clinical course of transplant recipients who have histocompatibility mismatches but low mixed leukocyte culture stimulation is similar to that of mixed leukocyte culture and histocompatibility identical recipients. Living donor-recipient pairs with high mixed leukocyte culture stimulation had no better graft survival than cadaver recipients. An incompatibility index derived from mixed leukocyte culture may aid in the selection of satisfactory non-identical living related donors and may help avoid use of immunologically unsatisfactory living donors.

Cadaver↗
PubMed2026

Metagenome-scale modeling to assess microbiome metabolic complementarity for precision microbiota transplantation therapies.

Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) holds therapeutic promise beyond recurrent Clostridioides difficile infection, but clinical outcomes remain unpredictable and donor-selection strategies remain limited, in part because the role of donor‒recipient metabolic interactions in shaping the post-FMT community remains poorly understood. Here, we leverage metagenome-scale metabolic modeling to quantify metabolic niche complementarity between donor and recipient microbiomes and predict post-FMT community composition. Using MICOM-derived metabolic models, we show that donor genomes whose metabolic flux profiles are more dissimilar from the recipient community colonize at significantly higher rates in a murine FMT model. In a human IBS trial, the same metric predicted post-FMT community composition via leave-one-out cross-validation and captured known disease-associated alterations in short-chain fatty acid, sulfur, and gas metabolism. We then performed 2,548 in silico FMT simulations between IBS-D/M patients and donors from the OpenBiome biobank to evaluate personalized donor screening, identifying super-donors characterized by high taxonomic diversity, broad metabolic niche coverage, and community interaction networks dominated by cross-feeding rather than competition. Together, these results support metabolic niche complementarity as a potential determinant of post-FMT community composition and provide a mechanistic basis for evaluating donor-recipient metabolic compatibility. This framework offers a scalable approach for generating testable hypotheses for personalized donor selection.

Fecal Microbiota Transplantation↗
PubMed1978

Role of the H-2 complex in induction of T helper cells in vivo. I. Antigen-specific selection of donor T cells to sheep erythrocytes in irradiated mice dependent upon sharing of H-2 determinants between donor and host.

When purified CBA lymph node T cells were mixed with sheep erythrocytes (SRC) and filtered from blood to lymph through irradiated syngeneic mice for 1-2 days, the donor cells lost their capacity to stimulate anti-SRC responses by CBA B cells; the response to a third-party antigen (horse erythrocytes) was unaffected and active suppression was not involved. This process of specific negative selection to SRC also occurred when semiallogeneic mice were used as filtration hosts. By contrast, when allogeneic hosts were used the helper function of the donor cells was not reduced; this applied to both primed and unprimed T cells. Studied with congeneic resistant strains indicated that negative selection to SRC occurred only when the donor and host shared H-2 determinants. Studies with T cells depleted of alloreactive lymphocytes showed that negative selection to SRC in irradiated F1 hybrid mice was followed by a stage of positive selection where the donor cells gave greatly increased responses to the injected antigen. Positive selection did not occur in H-2-different mice, however, and the helper function of the donor cells remained unchanged. By these parameters it was concluded that homozygous T helper cells have no detectable capacity to recognize antigen in an H-2-different environment.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Platelet transfusion therapy.

Platelet transfusions are of unquestionably proven benefit for the correction of thrombocytopenia or functional platelet disorders, and they have allowed for more intensive antineoplastic therapy. With the advent of blood component therapy most modern blood banks now have the capabilities for supplying at least limited quantities of platelets. Refinements in procurement methods will inevitably lead to a greater supply of platelets and the establishment of larger transfusion programs. These programs will need to incorporate facilities for platelet storage, recruitment of suitable donors, selection of special donors for refractory patients, and methods for quality control. As antineoplastic therapy becomes more aggressive, such transfusion programs will become an integral part of the operation of cancer treatment centers.

Blood Cell Count↗