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Results for “Disability Evaluation”

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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2000

Disability evaluation in children with hemidecorticectomy: use of the activity scales for kids and the pediatric evaluation disability inventory.

The purpose of this study is to investigate the level of disability of children who are either candidates for or have undergone a hemidecorticectomy. The Activity Scales for Kids and the Pediatric Evaluation Disability Inventory were demonstrated to be useful measurement tools yielding comparative results between subgroups. Overall, children with congenital disease seemed less autonomous postoperatively than were preoperative patients or children with acquired disease. Age at surgery and the interval between seizure onset and surgery are potentially important predictors of disability. This could reflect the importance of timing of surgery, development, environment, and possibly brain plasticity processes in this population.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Disability evaluation.

A physician may be called upon to evaluate disability in the roles of impartial judge of impairment, expert witness in a legal case, or treating physician. Critical to these processes are discernment between disability and impairment, an understanding of legal responsibilities, and knowledge of the elements of examinations and reports.

Disability Evaluation↗
PubMed1990

The Social Security Disability Evaluation Study.

Disability has continued to gain attention as a research topic in the mental health field. Both the SSA and the National Institute of Disability and Rehabilitation Research currently fund research aimed at understanding the vocational needs of severely mentally ill adults, particularly those in supportive employment programs. The National Institute of Mental Health funds research on disability and rehabilitation, particularly research on innovative approaches to increasing the individual's level of functioning and quality of life. All of these federal agencies anticipate continued funding of research on disability. This evaluation of the SSA's 1985 medical standards and guidelines by the APA is an example of the type of disability research that seeks to address issues related to individuals as well as important policy questions. In this evaluation, both the appropriateness and utility of the standards and guidelines were assessed, and the quality of disability decisions for severely mentally impaired applicants was studied.

Disability Evaluation↗
PubMed2001

[Incidence of disability in Iceland before and after introduction of a new method of disability evaluation.].

OBJECTIVE: To assess changes in disability evaluation, since the introduction on September 1st 1999 of a new assessment method based on the British functional capacity evaluation, "All work test". Previously, the disability assessment was based on the applicant's medical, social and financial circumstances. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study includes all those having their disability assessed for the first time at the State Social Security Institute of Iceland in 1997, 1998 and 2000. Information was obtained from the disability register on degree of disability, gender, age and primary diagnoses. RESULTS: After the introduction of the new assessment method, there has been a significant increase in the number of women who have disability more then 75% (p<0.0001). This increase occurs amongst women older than 30 years, having musculoskeletal disorders (mainly soft tissue disorders). There has also been a slight (statistically insignificant) increase in more than 75% disability amongst men (p=0.25). The number of people who have had their disability evaluated as 50-65% has decreased (p<0.0001). No significant change in the total number of new disability pensioners (having their disability assessed as being more than 75% or 50-65%) was observed. CONCLUSIONS: The new method of disability assessment has resulted in a significant rise in the number of women who have had their disability assessed as being more than 75%, but there has not been a rise in the total number of new disability pensioners, as the increased number of women with the higher degree of disability has been balanced by a significant fall in the number of new disability pensioners with the lower degree of disability.

English Abstract↗
PubMed1997

[Reliability of expert assessment in disability evaluation within the scope of disability insurance].

With the introduction of the law on the statutory nursing care insurance in Germany ("Pflegeversicherung") in 1995, new benefits are provided for the most severely disabled people. Provision of benefits is contingent on a standardised examination performed by the medical service of the German statutory health insurance system (MDK). Results of the first study on the inter-rater reliability of this standardised examination are presented in this paper. The study population consisted of 218 elderly people (age range 60-99) living in 4 nursing homes in Munich. They were assessed by 2 senior medical students and 2 nurses using the standardised questionnaire of the MDK. Inter-rater reliability was assessed by means of kappa coefficients. Reliability was assessed with regard to the summary judgement of disability and the rating of single items (with regard to limitations in activities of daily living, mental status or the prognosis). Inter rater reliability was higher for the overall assessment of disability (kappa = 0.71 between medical students, kappa = 0.66 between nurses) than for most of the single items of the questionnaire such as "need of assistance with dressing" (kappa = 0.57 between medical students, kappa = 0.66 between nurses) or "ability to move" (kappa = 0.58 between medical students, kappa = 0.67 between nurses). Kappa-coefficients were particularly low for variables concerning prognosis of participants and for the mental status item "self-disorientation" (kappa = 0.19 between medical students, kappa = 0.23 between nurses). These patterns were consistently observed for the 2 rater groups (student-student, nurse-nurse). Between the 2 rater groups there was no substantial difference in reliability. However, there was a trend for higher agreement within the group of nurses. Although the overall reliability of the assessment of disability is relatively high in comparison to many other diagnostic procedures (such as x-ray readings), efforts should be made towards further improvement of this standardised examination.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMed2005

Disability assessment in mental illnesses using Indian Disability Evaluation Assessment Scale (IDEAS).

BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVE: Psychiatric disorders cause disability in individuals and pose significant burden on their families. In most of the cases residual disability and poor quality of life continue even after disability evaluation in patients with chronic mental illness in very important. The present study was undertaken to assess and compare the disability in patients with schizophrenia and obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) using Indian Disability Evaluation Assessment Scale (IDEAS). METHODS: Patients diagnosed to have schizophrenia and OCD with mild severity of illness were included in the study. Indian Disability Evaluation Assessment Scale (IDEAS) was applied. Disability was assessed in these patients on all domains of IDEAS. RESULTS: Majority of the patients with schizophrenia were from rural areas whereas most of the patients with OCD were from urban background. There was comparable disability in the patients with schizophrenia with duration of illness in the range of 2-5 yr and >5 yr. Significant disability in work and global score was seen in patients of obsessive-compulsive disorder with duration of illness >5 yr. Patients with schizophrenia had significantly higher disability in all domains than patients with OCD. INTERPRETATION & CONCLUSION: Schizophrenia causes greater disability than obsessive-compulsive disorder in patients. These illnesses affect all areas of daily functioning leading to greater disability, and thus increasing the burden on the family, pose greater challenge for the rehabilitation of patients and their inclusion in the mainstream of the family and society. Further studies on a larger sample need to be done to confirm the finding.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

Validity of neuropsychological test results in disability evaluations.

A group of 50 disability claimants referred by the Social Security Administration for neuropsychological screening were administered a 36-item, forced-choice, digit-recognition method of detecting malingering to assess effort and motivation to perform well. This abbreviated form of the 1989 Hiscock and Hiscock Forced-choice Procedure has been shown to be quite easy even for individuals with severe organic brain dysfunction. A perfect performance of 36 correct on this digit-recognition task is obtained by most individuals with moderate to severe brain damage. A performance of less than 90% correct is due more likely to poor effort or even malingering rather than brain damage. In this sample, 18% (n = 9) obtained scores of less than 90% correct, i.e., < 33, which calls into question the reliability and validity of test data obtained. An additional 20% (n = 10) obtained intermediate scores of 33 to 35 correct. These intermediate scores are more difficult to interpret although at least some proportion of those scores reflects poor motivation. The results over-all indicate that nearly one-fifth of potential disability claimants produced invalid and uninterpretable neuropsychological test protocols and an additional one-fifth obtained protocols that should be well scrutinized for evidence of poor effort as well. Neuropsychologists conducting disability evaluations are urged to use measures designed specifically to assess effort and motivation.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

Disability evaluation following traumatic brain injury.

Accurate disability evaluation of a patient with TBI is a very difficult and detailed process. It requires an excellent background concerning the evaluation of all the physical, cognitive, behavioral, and functional abnormalities associated with TBI. Texts that highlight all these abnormalities include Medical Rehabilitation of Traumatic Brain Injury by Horn and Zasler and Rehabilitation of the Adult and Child with Traumatic Brain Injury by Rosenthal et al. In addition, appropriate disability rating can only be performed by a physician with expert skills in obtaining accurate historical information and completing a detailed physical examination. Often, the historical information must be obtained from many sources because the patient may supply inaccurate information because of his or her cognitive deficits. Interviews with family members, caregivers, therapists, friends, and employers are sometimes necessary to obtain an accurate historical picture. Premorbid functioning, behavior, and personality are important because previous abnormalities are often exaggerated after the TBI. The physical examination should be tailored to provide detailed objective information concerning all deficits identified through the history. If cognitive and behavioral problems are identified through either the history or examination, a neuropsychologic assessment is necessary. All this information should be available before the disability or impairment rating. Only with detailed information can a clinician provide an accurate rating.

Adult↗