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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1979

Desoxycorticosterone in normal pregnancy. II. Cortisol-dependent fluctuations in free plasma desoxycorticosterone.

Desoxycorticosterone (DOC) secretion increases during pregnancy. Administration of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) to women during the third trimester of pregnancy was noted previously to result in marked sodium retention, while aldosterone excretion declined. Since urinary tetrahydrodesoxycorticosterone increased substantially, sodium retention resulting from ACTH was ascribed to enhanced DOC secretion. Surprisingly, the elevated plasma DOC in late pregnancy failed to respond consistently to ACTH. Effects of ACTH upon total plasma concentrations and free indexes of DOC and cortisol were studied in pregnant women in the third trimester. As a result of ACTH, plasma cortisol and the free cortisol index increased strikingly; the plasma free DOC index rose markedly in those subjects in whom the total plasma DOC level was not altered appreciably and was unchanged or even increased slightly in the few subjects in whom the total DOC level decreased. The results support the proposition that the plasma free DOC fraction is increased because of displacement from corticosteroid-binding globulin by the ACTH-induced increment in cortisol. Resultant elevations of free DOC would not be evident from customary measurements of the total DOC concentration but, nonetheless, could contribute to sodium retention and also would be available for hepatic metabolism.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Desoxycorticosterone in normal pregnancy. III. Evidence of a fetal source of desoxycorticosterone.

The source of the markedly increased secretion of desoxycorticosterone (DOC) in pregnancy has not been precisely defined. Earlier studies indicated that elevated DOC does not arise from the maternal adrenal glands. The previously observed steep gradient between fetal and maternal DOC and DOC sulfate concentrations seemed to point to a fetal source. A recent study suggests that Doc may also be derived from extra-adrenal conversion of maternal progesterone. The present investigation documents a lack of synchrony between maternal diurnal plasma cortisol and DOC patterns. Not only were the previous observations of steep gradients of DOC and DOC sulfate between fetal and maternal circulations confirmed, but also the finding of extremely high urinary excretion of DOC sulfate indicated that the sulfurylated steroid passes across the placenta. A direct linear correlation was noticed between cortisol and DOC in amniotic fluid. These observations suggest that the increased DOC arises from within the fetoplacental unit but do not rule out a maternal source.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Desoxycorticosterone in normal pregnancy. I. Sequential studies of the secretory patterns of desoxycorticosterone, aldosterone, and cortisol.

Plasma concentrations of desoxycorticosterone (DOC) and aldosterone are markedly elevated in pregnancy. Although DOC secretion in nongravid women has been assumed to be dependent mainly on adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), in a previous study of women in the third trimester of pregnancy it was found to be unresponsive to ACTH, dexamethasone, and variations in salt intake. In this study plasma DOC, aldosterone, and cortisol levels, as well as their responses to ACTH stimulation and overnight dexamethasone suppression, were observed sequentially in seven normal women during the course of pregnancy and at three months post partum. Plasma DOC, aldosterone, and cortisol levels rose substantially during gestation, but increments in DOC did not necessarily coincide with those of the other two. Responses of all three corticosteroids to ACTH were enhanced during the first two trimesters compared to the nongravid state; DOC became unresponsive in the third trimester, while aldosterone and cortisol rose to an even greater extent. Elevated maternal DOC was not decreased significantly by dexamethasone at any stage of pregnancy, while plasma cortisol was suppressed. Nonsuppressibility of DOC with dexamethasone and also the lack of correlation of the rise in DOC with the increase in cortisol during the course of pregnancy suggest that increased DOC secretion in pregnancy does not arise from ACTH-dependent pathways of the maternal adrenal. The loss of responsiveness of DOC to ACTH in the third trimester suggests that the maternal adrenals have undergone an alteration in their steroidogenic response to ACTH, but also may indicate that their output of DOC has reached a maximal rate.

Adrenocorticotropic Hormone↗
PubMed1979

Liquid chromatographic determination of desoxycorticosterone acetate in oil injections.

To determine desoxycorticosterone acetate in oil injections, reverse phase partition chromatography on silanized, purified siliceous earth was used to separate the corticosteroid ester from the bulk of the oil vehicle. The latter was retained on the column while the steroid and the sterol and triterpenoid fractions of the oil were eluted. An internal standard was added to this eluate, which was then subjected to reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The desoxycorticosterone acetate was quantitatively separated in the HPLC procedure from any free desoxycorticosterone, preservatives, and minor components of the oil. The suitability of the HPLC procedure was verified with a number of C18 packing materials, both pellicular and microparticular. The desoxycorticosterone acetate was adequately resolved from the internal standard, progesterone, with most C18 packing materials evaluated. The proposed procedure provides a suitable stability-indicating assay for desoxycorticosterone acetate in oil injections.

Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid↗
PubMed1979

[Influence of desoxycorticosterone on the reaction of isolated segments of coronary arteries to noradrenaline in the presence of pyrogallol].

The effect of the desoxycorticosterone on the noradrenaline-induced relaxation of coronary arteries waw studied in vitro, after a known inhibitor of COMT, pyrogallol. Relaxation induced by noradrenaline was enhanced by desoxycorticosterone. Relaxation in response to noradrenaline was increased by desoxycorticosterone. Pyrogallol potentiated the responses of coronary strips to noradrenaline and also reduced or abolished the enhancing effects of desoxycorticosterone. It is concluded that desoxycorticosterone enhances the reponse of coronary smooth muscle to noradrenaline by inhibiting and enzymatic pathway for the inactivation of catecolamines.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Enzyme-inhibiting action of hydrocortisone and desoxycorticosterone of mixed function oxidases.

Comparative studies have been carried out on the action of two corticosteroids: the mineralocorticoid desoxycorticosterone and the glucocorticoid hydrocortisone, upon single administration in male albino rats, on the hexobarbital sleeping time and the activity of the mixed function oxidases. Applied in equimolar doses, the two steroids prolong the hexobarbital sleeping time, the effect of desoxycorticosterone being stronger. The potentiation of hexobarbital sleeping time by hydrocortisone differs in degree in animals from the different age groups, being most pronounced in mature animals compared with two-week-old immature and old animals. Unlike hydrocortisone, the potentiating effect Of desoxycorticosterone is close in intensity for all age groups studied. Both corticosteroids in single doses (50 mg/kg) inhibit the activity of mixed function oxidases, metabolizing type I substrates--hexobarbital and morphine, the inhibitory effect of desoxycorticosterone being stronger. Hydrocortisone does not influence the metabolism of type II substrates (aniline), while desoxycorticosterone inhibits it considerably. The reasons for the differences observed in the effects of the two compounds are sought in the different involvement of the enzyme systems studied in their metabolism.

Age Factors↗