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Results for “Decalcification, Pathologic”

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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1991

[Status of tissue mineralization and the periodontium in women with impaired ovarian function].

Examinations of 87 women with various disorders of ovarian function (amenorrhea, ovariectomy, climacteric period) and 26 healthy women with normal ovarian function have revealed reduced mineral content of the osseous tissue and a lowered ultrasound velocity propagation in the mandible and ulnar bones in women with hypoestrogenemia. Periodontal disorders grew in severity in the patients with ovarian dysfunction, being the least severe in those with secondary amenorrhea, augmenting in those with a history of ovariectomy, and the most severe in those in the climacteric period. These findings evidence a correlation between ovarian dysfunction, mineral content of the forearm bone tissue, and severity of the pathologic shifts in periodontal tissue.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1976

A comparative study of some dental cements used in orthodontics.

It is suggested that decalcification occurring beneath orthodontic bands is, among other factors, related to the tensile bond strength of the cement to the enamel surface, its marginal leakage at the enamel-cement interface, and its solubility and and disintegration. Under the laboratory conditions described in this study the composite cement exhibited the greatest tensile bond strength to both enamel and band material. The composite cement also displayed no marginal leakage at the enamel-cement interface and showed no solubility or disintegration under the experimental conditions. It could therefore be anticipated that, of the four cements evaluated in this study, the composite cement would have the greatest potential for eliminating pathologic enamel decalcification occurring beneath orthodontic bands.

Composite Resins↗
PubMed1986

[Partial algodystrophy].

Two patients are described with parcellar algodystrophy, a special form of algodystrophy. Bone biopsy in one patient revealed increased bone resorption and irregular new bone formation. Parcellar algodystrophy is characterized by the very localized pathological changes in the region of a joint. Only a small area of demineralization may be visible on X-ray. Skeletal scintigraphy shows hyperfixation of technetium-99m already in an early stage. Although the inflammatory signs are clinically impressive, the ESR may be normal. History may reveal previous involved joints. Parcellar algodystrophy normally runs a benign course. The difficulty of correct diagnosis is discussed. The changes are compared to those of partial algodystrophy and algodystrophy with no radiological abnormality throughout the course of the disease.

Bone Resorption↗
PubMed1978

[Histopathology of bone lesions in 9 cases of algodystrophy of the hip].

The authors present the results of histo-pathological observations made in 9 cases of sympatic algodystrophy reflex of the hip, subjected to a punch biopsy of the head and neck of the femur. The punch biopsy was decided upon, either because of difficult diagnosis, or because of the abnormally long duration of the pain syndrome. In all cases, there were bone lesions. The most common were in the marrow tissue, with stasis (9 cases), fibrosis (7 cases) and necrosis at small, isolated points (5 cases). There was osteoclastic resorption in the bones in 3 cases, and rapid osteogenesis in 6 cases. The latter anomaly revealed the rapid reconstruction characterizing the syndrome. Finally, the authors comment on the relationship between algodystrophy and necrosis of the hip, and the advantages of punch biopsy.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Evaluation of factors associated with glucocorticoid-induced osteopenia in patients with rheumatic diseases.

In 161 ambulatory rheumatic disease patients receiving long-term prednisone therapy, diaphyseal mass (DM) and metaphyseal mass (MM) of the forearm were measured by single photon absorptiometry, and bone radiographs were reviewed when available. Multivariate analysis of treatment and patient characteristics demonstrated that glucocorticoid-induced osteopenia (defined as an elevated DM:MM ratio) and bone fractures occurred with similar frequency in patients of each sex, in whites and blacks, in patients with various rheumatic diseases, and in patients receiving different regimens of prednisone therapy. However, large cumulative doses of prednisone were associated with elevated DM:MM ratios as well as with bone fractures, and menopause or age greater than or equal to 50 years (males or females) was associated with bone fractures. We conclude that long-term therapy with various prednisone regimens results in glucocorticoid-induced osteopenia and fractures. This affect is cumulative, occurs in all patient groups, and results in more bone fractures in certain groups.

Bone and Bones↗
PubMed1975

[Vascular degeneration in otosclerosis and its influence on the mesenchymal reaction of the mucoperiost].

38 samples of middle ear mucosa were taken from different patients during stapes surgery in otosclerosis. The samples were studied light-and electronmicroscopically without decalcification. Considerable pathologic changes in the organisation of the capillaries (endothelial hydrops, proliferation of the intima and of the adventitia, total obliteration o the vessels) cause pathologic reactions on the mesenchymal elements of the submucosa. Next to fibrolysis or hyalinosis of the collagen fibers the fibrocyts show features of undergoing lysis. Free and cellular bound calcium deposits are located in these lytic areas. The epithelial lining also shows unusual inclusions as glycogen and acid mucopolysaccharides and an alterated basement membrane. We belive that the changes of the connective tissue and of the epithelium are secundary to the capillary obstruction.

Apatites↗
PubMed1975

Colour television image analysis of carious lesions.

The new technique of colour television image analysis has been used to produce seven-colour contour maps of the radiodensity of micro-radiographs of enamel caries. This method permits the detailed measurement of the mineral content of enamel carious lesions to a sensitivity of +/-3% of the level of complete mineralisation. By selection of appropriate aluminium step-wedges, exposed simultaneously with the tooth section, the whole range of mineral content can be assessed.

Calcium↗
PubMed1976

Preventing enamel decalcification during orthodontic treatment.

One hundred thirty-two extracted premolar teeth were selected and divided into four equal groups. The first group of thirty-three teeth received a topical application of acidulated phosphate fluoride; the second group, a topical application of stannous fluoride; the third group, an application of a polymeric adhesive coating; the fourth group was left untreated to serve as a control. On each tooth a loosely fitted orthodontic band was cemented to place. After cementation, the band was broken to simulate a loose orthodontic band in vivo. The four groups of teeth were simultaneously immersed in a decalcifying gelatin and were left undisturbed for 11 weeks. The teeth were then removed and a record was made of the decalcification produced. A chi-square test was used to compare the teeth in each group to those in every other group. Compared to a control group of teeth, those teeth treated with polymeric adhesive coating, acidulated phosphate fluoride, or stannous fluoride produced a statistically significant reduction in decalcification of the tooth surfaces beneath loose orthodontic bands. For a one-application technique, the polymeric adhesive coating provided more protection against decalcification of teeth under loose orthondontic bands than did either acidulated phosphate fluoride or stannous flouride.

Calcium Metabolism Disorders↗
PubMed1979

Enamel decalcification in orthodontic treatment.

One hundred twenty previously extracted premolar teeth were used in this study. Teeth were divided into five groups of twenty-four each. The first group was treated with Copalite, the second with Portrait Veneer, the third with a polymeric adhesive coating material (Protecto), the fourth group with Nuva-Seal, and the fifth group served as a control. Orthodontic bands were selected and cemented to each tooth. The cement seal was then broken and teeth were thermocycled to simulate an in vivo condition. All teeth were then submerged in a decalcifying gelatin for 21 weeks. Every group was further broken into three equal subdivisions. Division A was to be submerged for 7 weeks, Division B in each group was to be submerged for 14 weeks, and Division C was to be submerged for 21 weeks. At each time interval, teeth were cleaned and examined for decalcification. Data were recorded and analyzed by means of the chi-square test. It was found that acid-etching materials protect the teeth against decalcification best. Among the acid-etching materials used, Nuva-Seal proved to be the best at protecting the teeth against decalcification for 21 weeks with this experimental design.

Acid Etching, Dental↗
PubMed1977

Oral manifestations of secondary hyperparathyroidism related to long-term hemodialysis therapy.

Patients on long-term hemodialysis therapy may develop secondary hyperparathyroidism with oral symptoms. As the life expectancy of the dialysis patient increases, the dentist is seeing these manifestations with increasing frequency. A review of the subject is presented along with a case illustrating dramatic roentgenographic changes in a patient who was placed on hemodialysis when the technique was in its infancy.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Dental management for children with chronic renal failure undergoing hemodialysis therapy.

Patients with chronic renal failure who are undergoing hemodialysis therapy demonstrate problems of significant importance for dental treatment. A case is presented in which secondard hyperparathyroidism, resulting from renal failure and hemodialysis, was noted in a child. Other relationships between renal failure, hemodialysis, and dental care were also presented.

Child↗
PubMed1991

Evaluation of fluoride release from an orthodontic bonding system.

Decalcification around brackets is sometimes observed after orthodontic treatment. Fluoride-releasing orthodontic adhesives have been developed in an attempt to reduce the frequency and severity of decalcification. This study evaluated, in vitro, a light-activated, fluoride-releasing composite resin adhesive, FluorEver OBA. The findings indicate that FluorEver OBA released small concentrations of fluoride ions over time. A mean of 2.6 ppm was released on day 1, decreasing to a mean of 0.42 ppm by day 2 and to 0.04 ppm by day 43. The clinical implications of these findings are discussed.

Acrylic Resins↗