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Results for “Dangerous Behavior”

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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1989

Dangerous behavior and changes in treatment course.

The association of dangerous behavior with the course of subsequent treatment was examined by comparing treatment courses of 45 severely mentally disabled patients identified as dangerous after an incident of dangerous behavior was noted in their clinical records with treatment courses of 122 severely mentally disabled patients who had no recorded incidents of dangerous behavior. The correlation of dangerousness with subsequent restrictiveness of treatment is clearly present in 6 of the 9 variables examined; the relationship generalizes across two rather different CMHC sites.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

Relation between command hallucinations and dangerous behavior.

This article presents an updated review of studies on the relation between command hallucinations and dangerous behavior. The author reviewed all studies published between 1966 and 1997 according to MEDLINE and between 1974 and 1997 according to PSYCLIT. Forty-one studies were found, of which 82.9 percent dealt with the relation between command hallucinations and dangerous behavior. Of these studies, 32.3 percent were controlled, and they were grouped into three partially overlapping classes: those concerned with violent behavior, those concerned with suicidal behavior, and those concerned with mediating variables. Most of these studies agreed on the non-existence of an immediate relation between command hallucinations and dangerous (violent or suicidal) behavior. Even though the studies were divided about the existence of a relation between severity/dangerousness of command content and compliance with the commands, there was agreement about the existence of a direct relation between compliance with commands and both benevolence and familiarity of commanding voice. It seems that the research and knowledge available to date on this subject is both scant and methodologically weak. Future study should probably concentrate on mediating factors, such as appraisal and coping attitudes and behaviors.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Projective methods and dangerous behavior].

The prediction of dangerousness by projective methods deals with some specific problems related to the bound between projective material and overt behaviour.

Dangerous Behavior↗
PubMed1984

Correlates of dangerous behavior by schizophrenics in hospital.

An evaluation of correlates of inpatient dangerous behavior in a schizophrenic population is presented. Potential correlates included: neuroleptic serum levels, admission schizophrenic symptoms on the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS), act leading to admission, military experience, and childhood discipline. A multiple regression analysis indicated that the best correlate of inpatient physical assaults, verbal assaults, and total number of inpatient dangerous acts in our population was low neuroleptic serum levels. The best predictor of seclusion and restraint was severity of Vietnam combat. Additional significant correlates included degree of schizophrenic symptoms on the BPRS and history of violence prior to admission. Three factors: neuroleptic serum level, degree of schizophrenic symptoms, and violence prior to admission accounted for 49% of the sample variance for inpatient assaults.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

Alcohol intoxication, injuries, and dangerous behaviors--and the revolving emergency department door.

Suicides, homicides, motor vehicle crashes, and other violent deaths and injuries are linked inextricably to alcoholism. The association of injury and alcoholism should be particularly obvious to Emergency Department (ED) physicians. We sought to determine the extent to which intoxicated patients in an ED were properly diagnosed, counselled, and referred for substance abuse care. We reviewed the charts of 153 consecutive patients seen in a teaching hospital ED who had blood alcohol levels above 100 mg%. Most were male (70%), white (62%), young (mean age, 34 years) and severely intoxicated (mean BAL, 245; range, 109-558 mg%). Forty-six per cent of visits were for trauma; half of the patients were victims of violent assaults. The intoxicated patients received extensive medical and surgical management: an average of five tests or X-rays were performed per patient; 75% received at least one medication; at discharge 48% were referred for followup to medical or surgical clinics. In contrast, few patients were evaluated for dangerous behaviors or referred for treatment of alcoholism: only 19 patients (12.5%) were asked about depression, suicide, or homicide; 15% were advised to stop drinking; 13% received a referral to a psychiatrist, mental health worker, or alcohol rehabilitation facility. Forty-seven per cent of patients received "stat" intravenous thiamine (although the Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome is rare). In contrast, only 16% received a stat on-site psychiatric consultation (although dangerous behaviors are common in alcoholics). There was a strong, statistically significant negative association between the occurrence of an injury and the decision to initiate treatment and referrals for alcoholism.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Use of the MMPI in the prediction of dangerous behavior.

The prediction of violent behavior can be an important aspect in the diagnostic work-up of a patient. Can the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) be of any help in predicting dangerous behavior? DSM-III disorders in which violent behavior has a high probability to occur, and the corresponding MMPI profiles are discussed.

Antisocial Personality Disorder↗
PubMed1989

Dangerous behavior in a demented patient. Preserving autonomy in a patient with diminished competence.

When a cognitively-impaired elderly man nearly caused a serious fire at home through his inappropriate use of a gas oven, the incident raised questions about his capacity to live alone. Although he clearly wanted to preserve his independence, the health care team felt obligated to assure his safety. The following discussion of dangerous behavior in a demented elderly man elicits and portrays these conflicting values, and highlights the physician's obligations in such ethically and legally complex situations.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMed1989

Urban psychiatric commitments: disability and dangerous behavior of black and white recent admissions.

Nationally black patients are overrepresented in public psychiatric institutions and are more likely than white patients to be committed involuntarily. This study of patients from 12 treatment units in the Chicago area, where these patterns were also true, compared the functioning of 227 acute admissions grouped by race (white or black) and admission status (voluntary or involuntary). Patients were assessed by highly trained independent observers using objective measures of dangerous behavior and disability levels, the relevant classes of functioning based on common principles underlying commitment statutes. No evidence was found that racial bias and discrimination in commitment and retention decisions would account for the overrepresentation of blacks among involuntary commitments to public institutions. Rather, the same factors that account for the overrepresentation of blacks compared with whites among all admissions may also explain their overrepresentation among the involuntarily confined. Changes in treatment programming and assessment practices are suggested.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

Factors associated with dangerous behavior in forensic inpatients: results from a pilot study.

This study was designed to identify risk factors associated with violence within a forensic inpatient hospital setting. The primary purpose was to develop a screening tool to aid in the rapid identification of patients requiring high versus low security ward placement. Subjects included 232 consecutive admissions during a five-month period to a 300-bed forensic division within a public-sector psychiatric hospital. Demographic, historical, and current clinical variables were collected, and dangerous behaviors were documented by nursing staff on a daily basis. The associations between dangerous outcomes and various risk factors were examined using chi-square or t tests, as appropriate. Stepwise logistic regression analysis was performed to assess the contribution of each risk factor significantly associated with violent behavior. A strong association was found between 10 risk factors and the incidence of violence in our forensic population. These factors included current clinical factors (grossly inappropriate behavior observed on the ward, an assessment of current escape risk); historical factors (psychiatric hospitalization history, criminal history variables, and a self-report of prior violence); and one demographic variable (length of stay). Of the 10 risk factors then included in the stepwise regression analysis, four contributed significantly to the final predictive model. Grossly inappropriate behavior, patient self-report of prior violence, history of psychiatric hospitalization, and a history of 10 or more prior psychiatric hospitalizations were most predictive of a violent outcome. Although situational and environmental variables also must be incorporated into final assessments and decisions, the identified significant variables can provide an additional tool in the rapid assessment of violence potential.

Dangerous Behavior↗
PubMed2004

Acting on command hallucinations and dangerous behavior: a critique of the major findings in the last decade.

Command hallucinations (CH) have recently become the focus of research into positive symptoms of schizophrenia. The importance of CH has become clear for theoretical and practical reasons, because CH are regarded as potentially the most dangerous symptoms of schizophrenia. The aim is to critically review research that has attempted to better understand CH and develop theories that may predict behavior and shape psychological treatments. This review draws together, presents, and critically discusses the current disparate body of literature produced (1990-2000) considering compliance with CH. The literature can be grouped broadly into three overlapping classes. (1) Studies testing for a relationship between CH and compliance. (2) Studies considering factors associated with acting on CH (mediating variables). (3) Studies that look for a relationship between CH and dangerous behavior. The body of literature is in its infancy and marred by methodological difficulties. Researchers have asked differing questions about different samples while hoping to provide similar answers. While acknowledging difficulties in interpreting the literature, themes do emerge. The weight of the evidence is that some individuals who hear commands will act on them. However, some studies show no link or only a weak link and although methodological errors account for some of the inconsistent results, there are also clearly individual differences. The relationship between command and action is more complex than many researchers have assumed. One conjecture is that the relationship is established via psychological processes or mediating variables which include beliefs about the voice and content of instruction. Prediction of compliance with commands is of further interest when dangerous behavior results. It is postulated that the issue of dangerousness is subject to the same mediating variables as other commands. It is clear however, that CH are not sufficient to produce action in isolation and that psychological processes mediate the process.

Acting Out↗