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Results for “Dacryocystitis”

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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1993

Acute dacryocystitis secondary to exudative rhinitis.

This report describes the unusual occurrence of acute dacryocystitis secondary to exudative rhinitis. An 18-year-old man with no prior history of tearing or dacryocystitis presented with acute left dacryocystitis. Nasal mucosal edema, lymphoid hyperplasia, and exudate obstructed the ostium of his left nasolacrimal duct. The patient improved rapidly with systemic antibiotic and nasal decongestant drugs. Both the nasolacrimal duct obstruction and dacryocystitis resolved completely within 2 weeks. One year later, serology suggested Epstein-Barr virus as the cause of the rhinitis. Acute intranasal inflammation may obstruct the nasolacrimal duct with potential secondary dacryocystitis. This type of nasolacrimal duct obstruction resolves without sequelae when the rhinitis improves.

Acute Disease↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Treatment of acute dacryocystitis in neonates.

Twenty-five newborns with acute dacryocystitis underwent probing of the nasolacrimal duct. All had a resolution of the acute dacryocystitis. Only one continued to have epiphora and had to undergo a subsequent probing with silicone intubation at 9 months of age. All were probed without anesthesia, being mummified and held by nurses while the author performed the probing. Only five were treated with parenteral and topical antibiotics for a week prior to probing while 20 were probed without any prior antibiotic therapy. Additionally, five of six mucoceles of the lacrimal sac which did not resolve in the 1st 2 weeks of life with massage were successfully probed without anesthesia. Four of the five mucoceles had developed an acute dacryocystitis on conservative management. Probing of the nasolacrimal duct in the newborn period is a safe and successful approach for acute dacryocystitis. It is a highly successful procedure for the treatment of acute dacryocystitis with a very low morbidity rate.

Acute Disease↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Fungal flora in congenital dacryocystitis.

In this study, 86 eyes in 66 cases (20 bilateral) of congenital dacryocystitis were analysed for fungal growth. Fungi alone were isolated in 12 eyes (13.95%) and in 14 eyes (16.28%) together with bacteria--a total of 26 positive for fungus in 86 eyes (30.23%). These 26 eyes yielded on fungal culture a total of 28 isolates (in 2 eyes, another fungus was isolated on repeat culture). 11 types of fungi were cultured--C. albicans and A. niger accounted for 5 each out of 28. To the best of our knowledge this is the first report in the literature of fungal flora analysed in congenital dacryocystitis--not surprisingly, more than 30% of eyes were positive for fungus. Systemic studies of fungal flora in dacryocystitis are very few, and hardly any literature on this subject exists in congenital dacryocystitis. This study is an attempt to determine the frequency and clinical significance of fungi isolated from cases of congenital dacryocystitis.

Dacryocystitis↗
PubMed1993

Dacryocystitis associated with malignant lymphoma of the lacrimal sac.

BACKGROUND: Tumors of the lacrimal sac are unusual, and lymphomas of the lacrimal sac are quite rare. Four patients with a history of well-differentiated, small cell lymphoma or chronic lymphocytic leukemia presented with either acute or chronic dacryocystitis and epiphora due to lymphomatous infiltration of the lacrimal sac. METHODS: All four patients underwent dacryocystorhinostomy with lacrimal sac biopsy. All tissues underwent complete histopathologic evaluation including immunohistochemical studies for cell surface markers and, in addition, were compared with previous biopsies performed for the initial diagnosis of lymphoma. FINDINGS: All biopsies demonstrated small cell well-differentiated lymphoma on histologic and immunofluorescent examination. No patient demonstrated orbital involvement on computed tomography. One patient had previously diagnosed chronic lymphocytic leukemia and one patient demonstrated diffuse lymph node involvement on postoperative systemic evaluation. All four patients underwent additional chemotherapy. No recurrence of dacryocystitis or epiphora occurred. CONCLUSION: Four patients presented with dacryocystitis secondary to lacrimal sac lymphoma. Lymphomatous lacrimal sac infiltration is an unusual cause of dacryocystitis. Biopsy of the lacrimal sac plays a diagnostically important role in dacryocystorhinostomy even in the absence of obvious tumorous involvement of the lacrimal sac mucosa.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1993

Chronic dacryocystitis caused by Mycobacterium fortuitum.

PURPOSE: To characterize the clinical presentation of Mycobacterium fortuitum dacryocystitis, an unusual microbial cause of this disease. METHODS: The authors present a detailed description of a case of M. fortuitum chronic dacryocystitis and a review of the literature. FINDINGS: Although M. fortuitum is a well-recognized cause of chronic keratitis and corneal ulcer, it has only been reported once previously as a cause of dacryocystitis. Multiple factors that alter the ocular environment of the host may predispose to infection with this organism. The diagnosis requires isolation of the organism in the appropriate clinical setting. The authors' case represents the first patient successfully treated with dacryocystectomy. CONCLUSION: M. fortuitum is a rare cause of chronic dacryocystitis that may respond favorably to surgical therapy alone.

Chronic Disease↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Neonatal dacryocystitis associated with nasolacrimal duct cysts.

Neonatal dacryocystitis is a rare complication of congenital nasolacrimal duct (NLD) obstruction. Recent reports suggest that the association of neonatal dacryocystitis and NLD cysts may be more common than previously believed. The purpose of this study is to describe the nasal endoscopic findings and treatment of three patients with this disorder. In this prospective study, three consecutive patients who presented at 2 weeks of age or less with dacryocystitis were treated with NLD probing and rigid nasal endoscopy. All patients were found to have congenital NLD cysts at the time of NLD probing. The cysts were marsupialized under endoscopic visualization. The treatment was successful in all patients. Dacryocystitis in the early newborn period is commonly associated with NLD cysts. Nasal endoscopic marsupialization of the cysts is an effective adjunct to treatment of these patients.

Cysts↗
PubMed1995

[Tuberculous dacryocystitis].

BACKGROUND: Acute infection and inflammation of the nasolacrimal sac may complicate congenital obstruction of the nasolacrimal duct. Acute dacryocystitis is uncommon later and tuberculosis is exceptionally responsible for it. CASE REPORT: A 4 1/2 year-old boy was admitted because he suffered from acute left dacryocystitis with fever and cervical adenitis. Involvement of both lacrymal gland and lymph node persisted despite antibiotic and corticosteroid therapy. Needle biopsy of the lymph node showed presence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and excision revealed caseating granulomas. The tuberculin skin test was positive while pulmonary tuberculosis was discovered in the patient's father. The patient was successfully given izoniazid, rifampin for 9 months and pyrazinamide for 2. Drainage of the sac area was necessary after 1 month of treatment followed by dacryocystorhinostomy. CONCLUSION: This rare case of tuberculous dacryocystitis permits to delineate the difficulties of ophthalmologic therapy.

Acute Disease↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Results of endonasal intubation of the nasolacrimal duct in children with congenital dacryocystitis].

Results of endonasal catheterization of the naso-lacrimal canal of 74 children with congenital dacryocystitis (bilateral problem in 10 of them) are presented. Prior to this manipulation, the patients were exposed to contrast X-ray study of the lacrimal sac for diagnostic purposes. Retrograde catheterization as a method for treating congenital dacryocystitis was very good in 97.3% children of up to 2 years old, 50% children of up to 3 years old, and 33.3% children between 3-4 years old. The patency of the naso-lacrimal canal also recovered in an 8-year-old child. All this gives evidence that, irrespective of children's age, retrograde catheterization should be applied to treat congenital dacryocystitis. After the patency of the naso-lacrimal canal was restored, the external fistula of the lacrimal sac was cauterized with 7% solution of trichloroacetic acid.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[Problems of the diagnosis and differential treatment procedures in congenital dacryocystitis].

The paper analyses effectiveness of treatment for dacryocystitis in 223 children, aged from 1 months up to 15 years. In 35 children the process was bilateral. In 232 cases dacryocystitis was congenital, in 26--acquired. Complex examination of lacrimal and upper respiratory tracts has revealed pathology in 53% of cases. In these cases preliminary sanation of upper respiratory tracts was made. A scheme of a staged treatment for congenital dacryocystitis is proposed, and results after treatment by retrograde catheterization in 161 children aged to 1.5 year and by endonasal dacryorhinostomy in 62 children above 2.5 years of life are analysed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Dacryocystitis. Late complication of orbital floor fracture repair with implant.

Fifteen years after orbital floor fracture repair with a silicone implant, dacryocystitis unresponsive to medical management developed in a 66-year-old woman. On examination, the edge of the implant was palpable at the most medial aspect of the inferior orbital rim in the anatomic area of the nasolacrimal sac. Orbital computed tomography (CT) scan and intraoperative probing and irrigation of the nasolacrimal system confirmed that the implant obstructed the nasolacrimal sac at the floor of the orbit. Removal of the implant combined with dacryocystorhinostomy has led to resolution of the dacryocystitis. To the authors' knowledge, dacryocystitis as a late complication of orbital floor fracture repair with an orbital floor implant has not been previously reported. This case demonstrates that orbital floor implants should not be placed too anteriorly or too medially in the anatomic region of the lacrimal sac and that they should be fixed to prevent implant migration.

Aged↗
PubMed1996

Role of dacryocystectomy in the management of failed dacryocystorhinostomy associated with chronic dacryocystitis.

Three patients had recurrent chronic dacryocystitis but no epiphora associated with failed dacryocystorhinostomies. Dacryocystectomy was performed on all three patients. These patients were cured of dacryocystitis following dacryocystectomy and none had epiphora postoperatively. There may be a group of patients with dry eyes and chronic dacryocystitis in whom dacryocystorhinostomy is likely to fail. Such patients may respond favorably to dacryocystectomy.

Aged↗
PubMed1992

Atypical presentation of fungal dacryocystitis. A report of two cases.

BACKGROUND: Candida albicans has only rarely been implicated in nasolacrimal duct obstruction. Its association with dacryoliths is well known, but it is unclear whether it is an etiologic factor or is present as a result of the obstruction. FINDINGS: The authors report 2 cases of fungal dacryocystitis that were not associated with dacryolith formation and where Candida species appear to be the primary etiologic agent. CONCLUSION: The possibility of a fungal infection should be considered in the evaluation of "routine" chronic dacryocystitis, particularly in the presence of corneal ulceration or postoperative endophthalmitis, as prompt initiation of appropriate therapy may be crucial.

Aged↗
PubMed1986

Dacryocystitis following Kawasaki's disease.

A 6 1/2-year-old white male child had developed bilateral dacryocystitis 1 year earlier, approximately 6 months after resolution of the acute phase of Kawasaki's disease. The patient had had no previous history of dacryostenosis or epiphora. After he failed to respond to appropriate antibiotic therapy, probing was partially successful on the right side, but complete obstruction persisted on the left side. At age 7 1/2 years, dacryocystorhinostomy was performed successfully on the left side. To our knowledge, dacryocystitis has not been reported previously following Kawasaki's disease. Other reported ocular complications of Kawasaki's disease, with the exception of a case of bilateral conjunctival scarring, have occurred in the acute phase of the disease.

Child↗
PubMed1993

Clinical bacteriology of dacryocystitis in adults.

To better define the spectrum and relative incidence of pathogens causing dacryocystitis in adults, samples of purulent lacrimal sac contents were obtained from 236 patients undergoing dacryocystorhinostomy for a clinical diagnosis of dacryocystitis. Positive culture results were obtained in 52.5%. Cultures were pure, consisting of a single organism in 71%, and were mixed in 29%. Gram-positive organisms were most common, accounting for 64.5% of the isolates. Staphylococcus epidermidis, comprising 27.3% of the isolates and Staphylococcus aureus, comprising 22.1% of the isolates, were the most frequently encountered organisms. Gram-negative organisms were present in 27.3% of the isolates with Pseudomonas aeruginosa the most common, accounting for 8.7% overall. Anaerobic organisms were found in 7.0% of the isolates with Propionibacterium acnes the most frequent, recovered in 4.7% overall. Unexpected findings included the paucity of Streptococcus pneumoniae organisms recovered and the high incidence of involvement by gram-negative and anaerobic organisms.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1992

Acquired dacryocystitis: microbiology and conservative therapy.

The dacryocystitis in adults is mainly caused by postsaccal stenosis of the lacrimal ducts. The banking up of the lacrimal fluid leads to an accumulation of germs and following infection. This report describes the clinical and microbiological findings in a large consecutive series of patients that presented at the outpatient clinic of the 2nd Department of Ophthalmology of the University of Vienna with the signs of acute, chronic recurrent or chronic infections of the lacrimal system between 1983 and the end of 1990. Within the bacterial genus Staphylococci (S. aureus, S. epidermidis and S. saprophyticus) were the most frequently isolated organisms (74 cultures = 50% out of samples with positive cultures). It was quite interesting that a significant number of gram-negative rods (37 = 25.5%) could be isolated. Of these microorganisms Escherichia coli was most frequently growing on special media (17 cases = 11.7%) when cultures were obtained from acute inflamed lacrimal sacs of patients who suffered from chronic recurrent infections. Conservative therapy of purulent dacryocystitis constitutes the last possible preparation for a necessary surgical intervention and therefore the authors want to point out the importance of microbiological examinations so as to optimize antibiotic therapy.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1993

The effect of dacryocystorhinostomy on tear film flow and stability in patients with chronic dacryocystitis.

In 30 patients suffering from chronic dacryocystitis, tear film flow and stability were assessed by means of Schirmer I and break-up time tests before and after dacryocystorhinostomy. When compared with those of healthy individuals, mean values of Schirmer I tests were found to be decreased before dacryocystorhinostomy, but reached normal levels after a successful operation. Break-up time levels were found to be within normal limits before and after surgery and no statistically significant difference was observed between patients and control group. These findings not only confirm the previous findings, that tear secretion in patients with chronic dacryocystitis was reduced and break-up time was not affected, but also indicate that the reduction of tear secretion can be eliminated by a successful dacryocystorhinostomy.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Actinomycotic dacryocystitis.

The case history and the diagnostic considerations of dacryocystitis caused by Actinomyces israelii in a 40-year-old female patient are presented. It is very rare that Actinomyces is the cause of a darcryocystitis and only few descriptions of this entity are known from the literature. The course of this dacryocystitis is characterized by periods in which the patient is free of complaints, interspersed with acute fistulizing exacerbations.

Actinomycosis↗