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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1996

Dermabrasion, chemabrasion, and laserabrasion. Historical perspectives, modern dermabrasion techniques, and future trends.

BACKGROUND: Modern skin resurfacing techniques began with wire brush surgery. Chemabrasion techniques were developed combining the peel and fraise surgery. The newer CO2 lasers provide technology to also resurface the skin and provide an alternative approach to correct facial defects and facilitate facial rejuvenation. OBJECTIVE: This review article focuses on important aspects of dermabrasion, chemabrasion, and laserabrasion. An emphasis is placed on indications, preoperative skin conditioning, modern equipment, anesthesia, and postoperative dressings. RESULTS: The mainstay of therapy for skin resurfacing continues to be chemical peels. Combinations with dermabrasion are important for deeper lesions such as acne scars, or combined with laserabrasions for deeper rhagades. CONCLUSIONS: With a thorough understanding of the important principles of skin resurfacing and wound healing, the management of complexion improvement becomes straight forward, complications become manageable, and patient satisfaction is excellent.

Acne Vulgaris↗
PubMed1996

A comparison of wire brush and diamond fraise superficial dermabrasion for photoaged skin. A clinical, immunohistologic, and biochemical study.

BACKGROUND: Superficial dermabrasion has a proven beneficial effect on photoaged skin, but little is known about the differences between the two major modalities used in dermabrasion, the diamond fraise (DF) and the wire brush (WB). OBJECTIVE: We compared the clinical, immunohistologic, and biochemical changes after superficial dermabrasion with DF and WB. METHODS: Eight photoaged patients (mean age, 68 years; range, 49 to 80 years) underwent facial dermabrasion to the level of the papillary dermis. Clinical assessments were performed at baseline and at 3 and 12 weeks after dermabrasion. Biopsy specimens were taken from both dermabraded halves at the same time points and assessed by routine histologic and immunohistologic examinations, western blot analysis, and radioimmunoassay. Scoring of intracellular and extracellular transforming growth factor-beta 1 was based on a semiquantitative ordinal scale (0 = no staining to 4 = maximum staining) in half-unit increments. The score for each specimen represents the average of values obtained from four high-power fields. RESULTS: Both methods of dermabrasion resulted in significant resolution of actinic keratoses, lentigines, and wrinkling. No statistical significance was noted between the two methods in regard to clinical efficacy. Significantly fewer milia occurred after DF than after WB. Solar elastosis decreased with both the WB and DF. Immunohistologic examination demonstrated a highly significant increase in papillary dermal fibroblast staining for amino terminal procollagen I (type I pN-collagen) at 3 weeks for both DF and WB compared to baseline. Staining at 12 weeks had decreased from the peak noted at week 3, but was still significantly increased from baseline. Western blotting of type I pN-collagen demonstrated a 5.4-fold (p = 0.01) increase from baseline at 3 weeks and a 4.9-fold (p = 0.002) increase at 12 weeks after dermabrasion with the WB. Similarly, the DF produced a 4.9-fold (p = 0.006) increase at 3 weeks and a 5.1-fold (p = 0.008) increase at 12 weeks after dermabrasion. Western blotting of amino terminal procollagen III (type III pN-collagen) showed a 6.1-fold (p = 0.07) increase from baseline at 3 weeks and a 3.9-fold (p = 0.04) increase at 12 weeks after dermabrasion with the DF. The WB showed a 3.8-fold (p = 0.07) increase from baseline at 3 weeks and a 5.1-fold (p = 0.05) increase at 12 weeks. Transforming growth factor-beta 1 demonstrated a significant increase in extracellular staining with DF (3.3 +/- 0.2) and WB (3.7 +/- 0.2) from baseline (1.2 +/- 0.2, p < 0.001) at 3 weeks. CONCLUSION: Superficial dermabrasion with DF and WP appears to be similarly efficacious in the treatment of photoaged skin. Significant increases in type I pN-collagen, type III pN-collagen, and TGF-beta 1 occurred in the papillary dermis after both types of dermabrasion. These results suggest that increased fibroblast activity and consequent collagen I and III synthesis underlie the clinical improvement.

Aged↗
PubMed2003

Dermabrasion in dermatology.

Dermabrasion has been used for a number of years to treat a variety of dermatologic conditions, including facial skin resurfacing and scar revision. The popularity of this procedure has diminished with the advent of newer procedures including chemical exfoliation, laser resurfacing, non-ablative laser resurfacing, and microdermabrasion. Dermabrasion found its niche in treating acne and traumatic facial scars, and in cosmetic facial resurfacing. Small, portable hand-held dermabraders are the most popular units available today and are able to generate rotation speeds of 18,000-35,000 revolutions per minute. End pieces, including wire brushes, diamond fraises and serrated wheels, attach to the end of the dermabrader to allow precise resurfacing and treatment. As with all cosmetic surgical procedures, appropriate patient selection and room preparation (with appropriate lighting and monitoring equipment) are essential to assure optimal outcomes with the dermabrasion procedure. Patients must understand all of the potential risks, benefits and limitations associated with the procedure. Patients must also be aware of alternative therapies that are available. Dermabrasion is technique-dependent and the surgeon should be well versed on the technique prior to performing this therapy. Gentian violet solution is used to delineate the areas to be treated. Refrigerant topical anesthesia is used to freeze the skin prior to the procedure. Holding the skin taut, the dermabrasion procedure occurs in a routine manner, treating one anatomic unit at a time. Postoperatively, patients may have an open or closed dressing system. Postoperative medical treatment is also recommended, including the use of antiviral agents, antibacterials and corticosteroids. The re-epithelialization process is usually complete in 5-7 days and residual erythema is common for up to 4 weeks. Adequate sun protection is essential following dermabrasion. Dermabrasion has also been used in combination with other dermatologic procedures, including chemical exfoliation, soft tissue augmentation and laser procedures, to enhance the results of dermabrasion. Dermabrasion remains a useful facial skin resurfacing and scar revision technique, particularly when performed by a trained and skilled surgeon. Most dermatologic surgeons argue that pure dermabrasion is a useful modality in skilled surgical hands and should be considered when appropriate.

Dermabrasion↗
PubMed1996

Dermabrasion for prophylaxis and treatment of actinic keratoses.

BACKGROUND: After dermabrasion, patients with actinic keratoses remain free of new lesions for many years. This clinical effect has been alluded to for 40 years in the dermatologic literature. However, there has been no consensus on how long this clinical benefit actually lasts. OBJECTIVE: To ascertain the longevity of the beneficial effect of dermabrasion, clinical records of patients who underwent this procedure for treatment of actinic keratosis were reviewed. METHOD: Retrospective review. RESULTS: A total of 23 such patients with at least 2 years good clinical follow-up were identified. Their ages ranged from 33 to 76 years. One year after dermabrasion, 96% remained free of new actinic keratoses. The benefits of dermabrasion gradually diminished with 83% clear at 2 years, 79% at 3 years, 64% at 4 years, and 54% at 5 years. The average time after dermabrasion before the appearance of one actinic keratoses was 4 years (median, 4.5 years). Dermabrasion, however did not prevent the appearance of basal cell carcinomas in the perinasal area. CONCLUSION: Dermabrasion provides long-term effective prophylaxis against actinic keratoses and presumably squamous cell carcinomas. The benefits last for an average of 4 years before even one new actinic keratosis reappears. Cryosurgery, 5-Fluorouracil, and chemical peels result in much shorter prophylaxis. Dermabrasion is the most effective modality for prevention of new actinic keratoses.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

Conventional diamond fraise vs manual spot dermabrasion with drywall sanding screen for scars from skin cancer surgery.

OBJECTIVE: To directly compare cosmetic improvement and postoperative sequelae resulting from dermabrasion of surgical scars with conventional motor-powered diamond fraise vs manual dermabrasion with medium-grade drywall sanding screen. DESIGN: Patients were randomly assigned to receive treatment with conventional diamond fraise dermabrasion to one half of the scar and manual dermabrasion with a drywall sanding screen to the other half in a prospective, comparative clinical study. Blinded observers assessed clinical variables during a 6-month follow-up period. SETTING: University hospital/cancer center-based cutaneous surgery unit. PATIENTS: Twenty-one healthy volunteers, Fitzpatrick skin type I to III, with contour irregularities resulting from granulation (7 patients) or reconstruction (14 patients) after skin cancer excision. INTERVENTIONS: One half of the patient's scar was treated with motor-powered diamond fraise dermabrasion and the other half was treated with manual dermabrasion with medium-grade drywall sanding screen. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Correction of contour, scarline visibility, time to reepithelialization, presence or absence of milia, degree of postoperative erythema, hypertrophic scarring, patients' subjective reports of postoperative pain, and presence of pigmentary changes were observed for both methods. Standardized scoring systems were used to quantify outcome measures. RESULTS: According to the standardized scoring systems, no differences were found between the 2 methods at any point. In addition, no significant differences were found between the methods for any measure at any of the time points. CONCLUSION: Both dermabrasion techniques are equally effective in improving the cosmetic appearance of surgical scars.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Dermabrasion: therapy and prophylaxis of the photoaged face.

BACKGROUND: For many years dermabrasion has been used for the treatment of photoaged facial skin. However, there is a paucity of correlative studies that document the beneficial histopathologic effects of dermabrasion with clinical changes. Moreover, long-term follow-up and comparative studies that document these therapeutic results are lacking. OBJECTIVE: Our purpose was to study patients with photoaged facial skin by comparing the preoperative and postoperative clinical and histopathologic changes that occur as a result of surgical dermabrasion of aged and photodamaged facial skin. METHODS: Twelve patients 40 years of age and older with significant photoaging and dermatoheliosis were treated with full-face dermabrasion. Predermabrasion biopsy specimens were compared with matched postdermabrasion biopsy specimens taken at various time intervals from 6 months to 8 years after dermabrasion. RESULTS: Microscopic normalization of the actinically damaged epidermis and papillary dermis was manifested clinically by the replacement of dermatoheliosis with supple, smooth-textured facial skin that remained clinically evident well beyond 8 years after dermabrasion. In addition, the necessity for the continued treatment of premalignant and malignant lesions was virtually eliminated during the 8-year postdermabrasion period. CONCLUSION: Not only is dermabrasion a beneficial therapeutic option for aged and photo-damaged skin, but it also is a valid means of prophylaxis against neoplastic changes.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

Treatment of upper lip wrinkles: a comparison of the 950 microsec dwell time carbon dioxide laser to manual tumescent dermabrasion.

BACKGROUND: High-energy pulsed or computer-scanned continuous-wave carbon dioxide (CO2) laser resurfacing has gained popularity as a wrinkle treatment because of its minimal thermal injury and precise control of tissue vaporization depth. Manual tumescent dermabrasion has also been effective for treating facial wrinkles. This is, to our knowledge, the first study comparing the use of CO2 laser to manual tumescent dermabrasion for the treatment of wrinkles on the upper lip. OBJECTIVE: To compare prospectively the clinical efficacy of the 950 microsec dwell time CO2 laser to that of manual tumescent dermabrasion in the treatment of upper lip wrinkles. METHODS: Twenty female subjects with moderate to severe upper lip wrinkles were randomly treated with the 950 microsec dwell time CO2 laser on one side of the upper lip and manual tumescent dermabrasion on the other. RESULTS: The average upper lip laser-treated wrinkle score (0 = none to 5 = severe) decreased from 4.3 +/- 0.2 before treatment to 1.8 +/- 0.3 at 6 months after treatment. The average upper lip dermabrasion-treated wrinkle score decreased from 4.4 +/- 0.2 to 1.5 +/- 0.3. The degree to which the wrinkle score improved after laser treatment compared with that after dermabrasion was not statistically significant (P =.216). CONCLUSION: Manual tumescent dermabrasion and 950 microsec dwell time CO2 laser resurfacing are equally effective for the treatment of upper lip wrinkles.

Aged↗
PubMed1999

Dermabrasion using CO2 dry ice.

BACKGROUND: The cosmetic dermatologic surgeon can improve facial scars by using a variety of techniques. Chemical peels, lasers, and dermabrasion are among the most common modalities used. In recent years, laser resurfacing has enjoyed great popularity; however, there is still a role for the time-honored and effective technique of dermabrasion. The recent withdrawal of Freon from the market has made dermabrasion more difficult. OBJECTIVE: To introduce a novel technique of using solid carbon dioxide (CO2) to freeze the skin before dermabrasion. METHOD: Twenty-five consecutive patients with facial acne scars underwent a combination of procedures including chemical peeling and CO2 laser resurfacing, followed by freeze-dermabrasion. Compressed CO2 was then used to make a solid ball of dry ice. The ice was used to freeze the skin prior to dermabrasion. After the application of the dry ice ball to the skin for about 4 seconds, the scares were dermabraded with the large mushroom wheel. As the tissue defrosted, the operator started at the outer edge of the freeze and planed into the center. This procedure was repeated until the desired improvement was achieved. RESULTS: With dry ice, a good skin turgor was achieved. This provided a good foundation for the sanding of the acne scars. The patients were pleased with the results and complications were minimal. CONCLUSION: "Home-made" dry ice works as well as Freon in providing skin turgor for dermabrasion. CO2 dry ice has the added benefits of being inexpensive and environmentally friendly.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Improvement of the appearance of full-thickness skin grafts with dermabrasion.

A series of 192 full-thickness skin grafts of the nose, periorbital area, and ear were examined, using age- and site-matched controls, to determine whether the appearance of the graft was improved by performing dermabrasion six to eight months after grafting. Dermabrasion is helpful in specific situations in adjusting the level of the skin graft to the level of the edge of the recipient site. The greatest improvement was obtained from dermabrasion of elevated grafts located on the nose; however, patients having elevated grafts in all locations were more likely to have resolution of the elevation following dermabrasion than the control subjects. Control subjects experienced most of their improvement six months after the operation, but 27% of the elevated grafts continued to improve between six and 18 months. Grafts that were depressed six months after the grafting procedure remained depressed at 18 and 24 months regardless of whether dermabrasion was performed. In the additional time the subjects were followed up, no further improvement was noted beyond that achieved 12 months after dermabrasion. The data presented in this report and the conclusions drawn from these data may allow physicians to more carefully select subjects who will benefit from dermabrasion after skin grafting.

Cicatrix↗
PubMed1994

Clinical improvement following dermabrasion of photoaged skin correlates with synthesis of collagen I.

BACKGROUND AND DESIGN: The ability of superficial dermabrasion to improve clinical features of photoaged skin is well known, but the specific biological mechanisms involved are poorly understood. The so-called repair zone, as visualized by routine histologic examination, has been attributed to new collagen formation within the papillary dermis and may be responsible for clinical improvement following dermabrasion. We investigated molecular and histologic events occurring in dermabraded skin and correlated them with clinical improvement. Ten photoaged patients (mean age, 59 years) underwent facial dermabrasion to the level of the papillary dermis. Clinical severity of photoaging was graded in a blinded manner at baseline and 12 weeks after dermabrasion. Biopsy specimens obtained at baseline and 3 and 12 weeks after dermabrasion were analyzed histologically and by in situ hybridization for fibroblast procollagen I mRNA, immunohistologically and by Western blotting with a monoclonal antibody specific for the aminoterminal cleavage site of procollagen I. RESULTS: Masson's trichrome staining demonstrated an increase in collagen from baseline (as an upper dermal band in the dermabrasion "repair zone") at 3 and 12 weeks' postdermabrasion. Immunohistologic examination demonstrated papillary dermal fibroblast staining for procollagen I at baseline that increased by threefold at 3 weeks' postdermabrasion and by 1.5-fold at 12 weeks' postdermabrasion. Western blotting demonstrated an average-fold increase in pN collagen I of 4.2 +/- 1.5 at 3 weeks and of 2.7 +/- 0.7 at 12 weeks. By in situ hybridization, baseline levels of procollagen I mRNA in papillary dermal fibroblasts increased sixfold at weeks 3 and 12 postdermabrasion. Increase in procollagen I mRNA correlated with clinical improvement, ie, reduction in wrinkling. CONCLUSION: Superficial dermabrasion clinically improves photoaged skin, and this improvement correlates strongly with increased collagen I gene expression.

Aged↗
PubMed2000

Treatment of perioral rhytides: a comparison of dermabrasion and superpulsed carbon dioxide laser.

OBJECTIVE: To directly compare the cosmetic outcome and adverse effects of dermabrasion and superpulsed carbon dioxide laser for the treatment of perioral rhytides. DESIGN: Subjects were randomly assigned to receive treatment with carbon dioxide laser resurfacing to one side of the perioral area and dermabrasion to the other side in a prospective, comparative clinical study. The duration of follow-up by blinded observers was 4 months. SETTING: University hospital-based dermatologic surgery clinic. PATIENTS: Fifteen healthy fair-skinned volunteers with moderate to severe perioral rhytides and no history of prior cosmetic surgical procedures to the same anatomic area. INTERVENTIONS: One half of the perioral area was treated with the LX-20SP Novapulse carbon dioxide laser (Luxar Corp, Bothell, Wash), and the other half was treated with dermabrasion using either a hand engine-driven diamond fraise or a medium-grade drywall sanding screen (3M Corp, St Paul, Minn). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Improvement in rhytides, patients' subjective reports of postoperative pain, time to reepithelialization, degree of postoperative crusting, and duration of postoperative erythema were observed for both methods. Standardized scoring systems were used to quantify outcome measures. Paired t tests were used for statistical comparisons of the 2 resurfacing methods. RESULTS: The difference in rhytide scores for the 2 methods was not statistically significant (P= .35) at 4 months. Less postoperative crusting and more rapid reepithelialization were noted with the dermabrasion-treated skin. Postoperative erythema was of longer duration on laser-treated skin. Patients reported less pain with dermabrasion treatment. Subtle differences that were difficult to quantify were also noted between the methods. CONCLUSIONS: Both dermabrasion and carbon dioxide laser resurfacing are effective in the treatment of perioral rhytides. Both methods have unique advantages and disadvantages.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

Use of Transcyte and dermabrasion to treat burns reduces length of stay in burns of all size and etiology.

BACKGROUND: With the cost of healthcare increasing, greater emphasis is placed on finding better ways to manage burn patients by increasing the quality of care while reducing length of hospital stay (LOS), thereby reducing overall cost. To date, this is the largest study to determine if Transcyte reduces LOS for partial thickness burns of any size or etiology. METHODS: All consecutive patients with deep partial thickness burns from April 2002 to December 2002 were reviewed (n=110) with IRB approval. Ninety-two patients were treated with dermabrasion and Transcyte only. Eighteen patients were treated with a combination of STSG and dermabrasion and Transcyte where appropriate. Our data was compared to the American Burn Association Patient Registry, as reported by Saffle et al. 1995. RESULTS: The data for percent TBSA and LOS are reported as mean+/-S.E.M. One-tailed t-test was used to analyze the data. Significant difference was found in patients who were treated with dermabrasion and Transcyte compared to the population reported by Saffle et al. Patients with 0-19.9% TBSA burn treated with dermabrasion and Transcyte had LOS of 6.1 days versus 9.0 days (p<0.001). Those with 20-39.9% TBSA burn had length of stay of 17.5 days versus 25.5 days. Patients treated with STSG and Transcyte who had 40-59.9% TBSA burn had length of stay of 39.7 days versus 44.6 days. Those treated with dermabrasion and Transcyte alone had length of stay of 31 days. CONCLUSION: This is the first study comparing burns of all sizes treated with dermabrasion and Transcyte with a known population receiving standard therapy. The authors found this new method of managing patients with partial thickness burns to be more efficacious and significantly reduces length of stay compared to traditional management.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

Rejuvenation of the skin surface: chemical peel and dermabrasion.

Chemical peel and dermabrasion are traditional, well-proven methods for the rejuvenation of the skin. The medium-depth trichloroacetic acid peel and the deep phenol peel offer distinct advantages and disadvantages and are discussed in detail in this article. The management of complications associated with both peel techniques is also discussed. Regional dermabrasion is an effective adjunct to facial rejuvenative surgery, such as face lift and blepharoplasty. Full-face dermabrasion and spot or local dermabrasion are most often used in the treatment of facial scarring. The technique of dermabrasion is discussed as well as its indications and postoperative care. Results are shown for both dermabrasion and peel.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed2005

[Full face dermabrasion for acne scars].

OBJECTIVE: Dermabrasion has been of great value in plastic surgery. Dermabrasion was developed for a specific indication; however, within a very short time, the concept of dermabrasion found wide applicability. This study was to investigate the application of dermabrasion in the treatment of acne scars. METHODS: From Feb. 1996 to May 2004, a total of 110 patients with acne scar were treated with dermabrasion. RESULTS: Postoperatively, the curative results were achieved in 45 cases; good results in 40 cases and effective results in 25 cases. The study revealed that the patients at 18-46 years of age have good results. CONCLUSIONS: Dermabrasion is a good and safe technique to treat the scar of acne.

Acne Vulgaris↗
PubMed2002

Dermabrasion: state of the art 2002.

Dermabrasion is a resurfacing procedure that has been part of dermatology for almost 100 years. With the advent of laser resurfacing in the 1990s, the art of dermabrasion has temporarily been partially eclipsed. This review article covers the history of dermabrasion, (pre-operative selection of patient equipment, the techniques and the post-operative care of dermabrasion patients. Many clinical examples are illustrated. The combination of dermabrasion with other resurfacing techniques, such as laser (CO(2 )and Erbium) and chemical peels (trichloracetic acid (TCA)) are illustrated.

Dermabrasion↗
PubMed2000

Clinical comparative study between cryotherapy and local dermabrasion for the treatment of solar lentigo on the back of the hands.

BACKGROUND: Solar lentigo is a common and unsightly dermatosis that has a variety of proposed treatments. OBJECTIVE: This study was done to assess the efficacy and the effectiveness of localized dermabrasion compared with cryotherapy with liquid nitrogen on solar lentigo on the back of the hands. METHODS: Ten female patients aged 64-96 years with solar lentigo on the back of the hands were treated with dermabrasion or cryotherapy and observed over a 6-month period. RESULTS: The postsurgery signs and symptoms were less intense and better tolerated with localized dermabrasion. More than 50% of the patients treated with cryotherapy still had hypochromia in the treated areas 6 months after treatment, compared with 11% of the patients treated with dermabrasion. The percentage of recurrence was the same with the both treatments (55.55%). CONCLUSION: Localized dermabrasion is an efficacious and effective technique comparable to cryotherapy for the treatment of solar lentigo on the back of the hands.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Amniotic membranes as dressings following facial dermabrasion.

Facial dermabrasion produces a raw, painful, partial-thickness wound, quite similar to a split-thickness skin graft donor site. The various methods of dressing such wounds employing ointments, impregnated gauze, bulky absorptive dressings, xenografts, or allografts are time consuming, uncomfortable for the patient, and not infrequently characterized by localized purulence and delayed healing. Experience with amniotic membranes as biologic dressings, both experimental and clinical, prompted a trial of these membranes as a dressing following facial dermabrasion. Thirty-three patients undergoing facial dermabrasion were dressed with amniotic membranes following the procedures. The results following this dressing method were excellent. The biologic basis and the techniques of preparing and applying amniotic membranes as dressings following facial dermabrasion are presented. The advantages of amniotic membranes over the other presently employed dressing techniques following facial dermabrasion are discussed.

Amnion↗
PubMed1985

Dermabrasion in facial surgery.

Surgical planing or dermabrasion has many uses in facial aesthetic and reconstructive surgery but often is an underutilized technique. The purpose of this paper is to familiarize the head and neck and facial plastic surgeon with some of these uses extending from trauma to rejuvenation of the aging face. Detail will be presented regarding analysis for conditions where dermabrasion is indicated and in dealing with modifications of surgical technique. The author feels that dermabrasion is the treatment of choice for scars and acne and favors it over chemabrasion or chemical peel even for fine rhytids because the depth of dermabrasion can be precisely controlled and varied according to the location of and the degree of scarring or facial wrinkles. It offers early and predictable healing without concern for the penetration and absorption of chemical elements (especially phenol). Dermabrasion may be combined with other procedures such as scar revisions, dermal shaves, and de-epithelization of flaps.

Acne Vulgaris↗