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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1978

Enterotoxin-producing bacteria stools from Swedish United Nations soldiers in Cyprus.

A study was designed to establish the role of heat-labile enterotoxin producing Escherichia coli and other intestinal pathogens in diarrhoeal disease in Swedish soldiers of the United Nations' Force in Cyprus. Before leaving Sweden for Cyprus, no enteropathogens were isolated from the soldiers. The study was performed from October 1975 through January 1976 and in August 1976. Enterotoxigenic strains of E. coli, Citrobacter freundii, Enterobacter cloacae and Klebsiella pneumoniae were the intestinal pathogens most frequently isolated from the cases of diarrhoea. Such strains were found in 14 of 79 diarrhoeal cases (18%) but also in 6 of 66 (9%) of next-bed-fellow controls and in 7 of 139 (5%) of healthy Cypriotic civilians. Few other pathogens were identified in the soldiers, but 9 of 139 (6%) of the Cypriots were carriers of cysts of Giardia lamblia. The results indicate that enterotoxigenic bacteria were probably the most important cause of diarrhoea of those agents identified among the Swedish UN soldiers on Cyprus. Several soldiers were colonized with these strains without contracting diarrhoea.

Bacteria↗
PubMed1988

Epidemiological characteristics of hepatitis B virus infection in Cyprus.

The prevalence of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection in Cyprus was estimated in a sample of 795 blood donors, 388 armed forces recruits, 1872 hospital staff, 135 haemodialysis patients, 559 thalassaemic patients, 722 institutionalised adults, 98 mentally retarded children and 323 family contacts of HBsAg carriers. Commercially available radioimmunoassays were used for screening. Merck Sharpe and Dohme hepatitis B vaccine was used for a vaccination pilot program. Our results showed that the carrier rate of HBsAg in the blood donor and army recruit samples ranged between 0.77% and 1.01% and the prevalence of past infection between 11.1% and 13.6%. Among high risk groups the highest carrier rate was found in family contacts of HBsAg carriers (18.27%), in mentally retarded children (6.12%) and in institutionalized adult patients (5.40%). The frequency of immunes was found 28.5%, 12.2% and 33.2% respectively. The highest frequency of immunes was found in thalassaemic (82.9%) and haemodialysis (43.7%) patients. The carrier rate (2.94%) and the prevalence of immunes (22.5%) in hospital personnel was higher than in general population. Vaccination studies in a limited number of thalassaemic children and hospital personnel showed excellent acceptance of vaccination and excellent immunogenicity. We infer that HBV infection should be consider as a major public health problem in Cyprus. A National Vaccination program has to be implemented for containing its spread.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Neutralising antibodies to Akabane virus in ruminants in Cyprus.

Neutralising antibodies to Akabane virus, a cause of arthrogryposis and hydranencephaly, were demonstrated in serum samples from 33 sheep, 3 goats and 1 bovine among 285 serum samples collected in south-eastern Cyprus from December 1970 onwards. Twenty-four of the 29 sheep having positive antibodies came from one farm in Liopetri. No positive sera came from animals born after 1969, no association with abortions or stillbirths was noted and no arthrogryposis or hydranencephaly was observed in Cypriot animals in 1969 or before. It is suggested tht Akabane virus was carried to Cyprus from the eastern Mediterranean mainland by infected midges on the wind in 1969 and possibly also in 1968, but that no disease was observed since infection took place after 50 days of gestation when damage to the foetus was unlikely.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

First report of sheep pulmonary adenomatosis in Cyprus.

The first recorded cases of sheep pulmonary adenomatosis in Cyprus are described. The diagnosis was based on histopathological examination of lung material obtained from sheep showing clinical signs of respiratory distress. Three flocks in three different locations of Cyprus were involved.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Comparative study on essential oil of some Teucrium species from Cyprus.

A comparative study on the essential oil of Teucrium cyprium ssp. cyprium, T. micropodioides, T. divaricatum ssp. canescens and T. kotschyanum has been carried out. The four specimens are found in Cyprus and were used in the traditional medicine of the island. The first three are endemic to Cyprus. The essential oil was extracted by steam distillation of the dried flowers, leaves and stems and analyzed by GLC and GC-MS. The percentage of the essential oil obtained varies in the different parts of the plants from 0.07 to 1.3%. Forty-eight components have been identified. Some of them were present in all the species which have been investigated, others were characteristic of one species only.

Chromatography, Gas↗
PubMed1995

Genetic analysis of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 strains from patients in Cyprus: identification of a new subtype designated subtype I.

DNA sequences encoding the C2 to V3 region of envelope glycoprotein gp120 of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) were amplified by PCR from uncultured peripheral blood mononuclear cells obtained from 24 of 25 HIV-1-seropositive patients from Cyprus. By using a heteroduplex mobility assay (HMA), all amplified products were studied genetically and compared with 16 previously characterized HIV-1 strains belonging to subtypes A through F. HMA results revealed that HIV-1 gp120 sequences from 15 of our patients were of subtype B of HIV-1, whereas one isolate was of subtype C. However, gp120 sequences from eight patients had no obvious similarities to the known subtypes as defined by HMA. DNA sequencing and phylogenetic analyses of molecular clones confirmed the HMA results and placed the eight undefined HIV-1 isolates into three distinct genetic clusters. On the basis of branch topology and lengths of the phylogenetic tree, we conclude that one group consisting of three clones from two patients represents a new HIV-1 env subtype, which we have termed subtype I. The remaining two sequence clusters, consisting of five sequences from four patients and two sequences from two other patients, are distally related to subtypes A and F. These data demonstrate the extensive heterogeneity of HIV-1 in Cyprus, including the presence of new subtype.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1979

Alpha-thalassaemia in Cyprus.

The frequency of alpha-thalassaemia in Cyprus was determined with studies of haemoglobin Bart's in 1200 Greek Cypriot and 132 Turkish Cypriot newborn babies. Of the Greek newborns, 12.4%, and of the Turkish newborns, 6.8% had raised Hb Bart's (from 0.6% to 12.9% of the total haemoglobin) suggesting that they were carriers of either alpha-thalassaemia-1 or alpha-thalassaemia-2 genes. The findings suggest that the population of Cyprus has the highest frequencies of alpha-thalassaemia among Caucasian people.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1975

Use of corticosteroids to isolate IBR virus from cattle in Cyprus after respiratory disease and ataxia.

An outbreak of ataxia, blindness, respiratory disease and kerato-conjunctivitis occurred in October 1972 in a beef feedlot in Cyprus. Fifteen animals died and 10 that were severely ataxic were slaughtered; many animals became blind. There was no opportunity to isolate virus when the disease was active but in March and October 1973 infectious bovine rhinotracheitis (IBR) virus was isolated from cattle after they had been treated corticosteroids to stimulate virus excretion. It is probable that IBR virus caused the disease. This is the first report of the isolation of IBR virus from cattle in Cyprus.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Serum Q fever antibodies in Swedish UN soldiers in Cyprus--reflecting a domestic or foreign disease?

Swedish soldiers from 2 battalions serving in Cyprus 1975 and 1976 were tested serologically for Coxiella burnetii phase 2 complement-fixing antibodies. 2.7% were positive. Although none of the seropositive soldiers had been seriously ill abroad, the titers are considered to emanate from an infection in Cyprus as there is no evidence of domestic Q fever from a survey of 1390 Swedes.

Antibodies, Bacterial↗
PubMed1977

Enterotoxin antibodies in relation to diarrhoea in Swedish soldiers in Cyprus.

The development of antibodies to Escherichia coli heat-labile enterotoxin (LT) and its relationship to diarrhoea was studied in two Swedish battalions (one in the winter, WB, and one in the summer, SB) of the United Nations Peace-keeping Force in Cyprus. Whereas only 6-15% of the soldiers had detectable levels of anti-LT antibodies in their sera before leaving Sweden, as many as 69% of the SB and 43% of the WB soldiers who developed diarrhoea in Cyprus acquired significant titres of enterotoxin antibodies in their sera (acute phase serum). During the summer, many soldiers without diarrhoea also obtained anti-LT antibodies, whereas no such response was observed in healthy soldiers during the winter. Civilian Turkish Cypriots had positive sera in high frequency (60-66%) during both study periods. Parallel titration of positive sera against E. coli LT and cholera toxin indicated that the enterotoxin-neutralizing antibodies registered were induced by bacteria producing enterotoxin identical or closely related to LT.

Antibodies, Bacterial↗
PubMed1976

A report on missile injuries in Cyprus 1974.

This paper details the experiences of the Princess Mary's Royal Air Force Hospital, Akrotiri (TPMH), during the last 6 months of 1974. TPMH was at that time a small hospital (120 beds) with a clinical staff of 17 situated in the south of Cyprus (fig. 1). The series comprises 71 patients injured by bullets, shrapnel, bomb-blasts or mines, drawn from British personnel, United Nations Forces and the local Cypriot military and civilian population, resulting from the coup d'état of 15 July 1974 and the subsequent Turkish invasion and air attacks. The casualties were often severely wounded beyound the capabilities of the local hospitals. They were mostly admitted during a 2-week period, but many required multiple operations extending over the next 3 or 4 months, and altogether 119 operations were carried out on 41 patients at TPMH. The organization of the limited resources of the medical, nursing and supporting staff is outlined. The correct treatment of missile wounds is emphasized. Resuscitation, wound excision, splintage and delayed suture or grafting are essential. Minimal morbidity and mortality are gained by a practised approach to the compounded results of violence.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

The 1977 outbreak of bluetongue in Cyprus.

Bluetongue outbreaks, ranging from isolated cases to widespread infections, have occurred in Cyprus in about half of the years since 1924. Serious outbreaks occurred in 1924, 1939, 1943, 1946, 1951, and 1965. Most cases occurred in September, October, November and December. The last outbreak prior to 1977 was in 1969. Virus types isolated in the past were types 3 and 4. In 1977 the outbreak was serious, affecting 13.1 per cent of 27,837 in-contact sheep; these were scattered in 303 flocks of 65 villages throughout the Government-controlled area. The virus type isolated was type 4. Culicoides were involved in bluetongue transmission in the island.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Newcastle disease in Cyprus: a review.

The first Newcastle disease epidemic in Cyprus was reported in 1949 to 1950 and between 1953 and 1959 there was a second. In November 1977 another Newcastle disease outbreak occurred. Measures implemented immediately were; quarantine of all foci of infection, destruction of diseased and in-contact birds disinfection of premises and island-wide (Government controlled) vaccination. Within a month the epidemic was brought under control. In all 47 outbreaks were recorded with the loss of about 35,000 birds. Only 2 commercial units were affected, the remaining outbreaks occurring in premises of back-yard poultry keepers. The virus was the Asiatic type.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Scrapie in Cyprus.

Scrapie was first recorded in Cyprus in 1985 in two flocks of sheep and subsequently the disease was diagnosed in dairy goats kept in mixed flocks with affected sheep. By 1989 scrapie had been diagnosed in 23 flocks. Epidemiological data presented in the present study are essentially from clinicopathological investigations between 1985 and 1989. A total of 356 out of 957 sheep and 10 out of 30 goats examined from flocks in Nicosia, Larnaca and Limassol districts showed histopathological lesions consistent with a diagnosis of scrapie.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Multiple sclerosis in Cyprus.

The prevalence of multiple sclerosis (MS) was studied in the Greek-speaking population in the southwestern district of Paphos and the eastern Famagusta area and in the Troodos mountains in Cyprus. Excluding refugees from the northern part of the island, the MS prevalence was 44.5 per 100,000. This is a similar prevalence to that found in Sicily and shows that, like Sicily, Greek-speaking Cypriots have a medium to high and not a low MS prevalence. There was no significant difference in MS prevalence between the warm Paphos and Famagusta areas and the much colder mountainous areas. In one village, Liopetri, there were five families with definite MS (CDMS), and one patient with clinically probable MS (CPMS). Excluding refugees, the prevalence for CDMS and CPMS in this village was 240 per 100,000. All six families are probably related.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Q fever and animal abortion in Cyprus.

Seventy-eight British soldiers stationed in the Eastern Sovereign Base Area (ESBA) in Cyprus contracted Q fever in the period December 1974 to June 1975. Pneumonia developed in 59% of cases. Of 31 patients tested, 81% had biochemical evidence of hepatitis although only one became clinically jaundiced. Three patients (4%) suffered pericarditis. Treatment with tetracycline had no apparent effect on the course of the disease. Investigation revealed an abortion epidemic involving 21 mixed flocks of sheep and goats in the south-eastern coastal region. 11 of the flocks grazed in and around the ESBA. A serological survey of 10 affected flocks, and evidence collected from previous years, indicated that the abortion epidemic was the result of infection with Coxiella burneti. Infection in the humans was almost certainly acquired by inhalation of dust from brush contaminated with rickettsial parturition products of the aborting flocks. A human serological survey revealed a number of cases of subclinical Q fever in a susceptivle military population, and an asymptomatic epidemic in a largely immune local position.

Abortion, Veterinary↗
PubMed1991

Study of the anatomy and of the essential oil of Origanum cordifolium, an endemic of Cyprus.

A study was made of the anatomy and of the essential oil of Origanum cordifolium (Aucher-Eloy et Montbret ex Benth.) Vogel, an endemic subshrub of Cyprus. The anatomical study revealed the typical features of the different parts of the plant. The leaves and the flowers of this aromatic species bear glandular and non-glandular hairs on both sides of the epidermis. Gas chromatography and mass spectrometry showed that the main component of the essential oil of O. cordifolium is alpha-terpineol followed by gamma-terpinene, p-cymene and carvacrol.

Chromatography, Gas↗
PubMed1981

Prevention of thalassaemia in Cyprus.

A programme for the prevention of beta-homozygous thalassaemia has been operating in Cyprus from 1973. From 1976 there has been an increasing gap between the number of homozygotes born and the number expected, calculated as 1 in 135 of the total births. In 1978 23 homozygotes are known to have been born compared with 71 expected, and in 1979, 18 compared with 77 expected. All cases may not have yet to come to notice. the programme consists of public education, population screening, genetic counseling, and antenatal diagnosis.

Cyprus↗