Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “Corneal Opacity”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1986

Spontaneous corneal opacities in laboratory mice.

Corneal opacities were observed in numerous strains and stocks of laboratory mice (Mus musculus) from different microbiological environments. The opacities were characterized as acute and chronic inflammatory lesions of the corneal epithelium and anterior corneal stroma, including corneal ulcers and erosions, acute keratitis, stromal neovascularization and mineralization of the basement membrane zone. Some strains and stocks of mice from barrier-reared colonies had a high incidence of corneal opacities [DBA/2 (29.1%), C3H (16.2%), CF1 (16.2%) and BALB/c (10.0%)] while others had a lower incidence [CD-1 (4.3%) and C57BL/6 (4.1%)]. Axenic and gnotobiotic mice had a very low incidence of corneal opacities (1.6%). An experimental study demonstrated that twice weekly cage cleaning would reduce the incidence of corneal opacities to a very low level. A bacterial product, such as ammonia, is proposed as a significant factor in the pathogenesis of spontaneous corneal opacities in laboratory mice.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[Endothelial function in contact lens-induced deep corneal opacities].

Deep stromal and preendothelial corneal opacities have been described to be a problem of growing importance in contact lens wearers, above all in those with a more than ten-year-old history of contact lens wearing. In the present study the corneal endothelial permeability of 21 patients with a more than ten-year-old history of contact lens (HEMA 38%) wearing has been determined and compared with that of an age-matched group of 8 healthy individuals without ocular disease. The corneal endothelial permeability has been measured by a computerized automated fluorophotometer (Coherent Radiation Fluorotron Master) after topical application of a Na-fluorescein solution according to the method described by Jones and Maurice. The corneal endothelial permeability of contact lens wearers with deep corneal opacities has been found to be significantly (p = 0.05) increased when compared with contact lens wearers without corneal opacities. Contact lens wearers without corneal opacities showed no significant increase of their endothelial permeability in comparison to the control group.

Cell Membrane Permeability↗
PubMed1989

Differentiation of posterior polymorphous dystrophy from other posterior corneal opacities by specular microscopy.

Deep corneal opacities due to posterior polymorphous dystrophy, especially if they are mild, are frequently confused with changes due to other corneal conditions. In a series of 64 patients with deep corneal opacities (14 with Descemet's tears, 8 with posterior polymorphous dystrophy, 12 with interstitial keratitis, and 30 with keratoconus), specular microscopy enabled the differentiation of deep corneal changes provided some degree of corneal clarity was retained. The parallel "rail track" borders of old Descemet's tears were characteristic and differed from the "snail tracks" seen in posterior polymorphous dystrophy, which also showed characteristic rounded vesicular or doughnut-like lesions in Descemet's membrane. The appearances in interstitial keratitis were varied with poor detail in most cases because of corneal opacity. However, fine opacities consistent with ghost vessels were seen in interstitial keratitis and a resolving case showed fine, intersecting straight lines different from the bundles of parallel fine vertical lines of deep corneal striae in keratoconus. Specular microscopy also enables an assessment of the corneal endothelium which is important if intraocular surgery is contemplated.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

[Corneal Ascher ring. A ring-shaped stromal corneal opacity].

An unusual bilateral ring-shaped corneal opacity has been observed in two patients. Biomicroscopical characteristics are minute greyish dots which are distributed within the outer stromal layers forming an arcus lipoides-like circular band. Besides of a typical arcus senilis no other corneal anomalies can be found. Up to date only 4 patients with similar corneal opacities have been described. Etiology remains unclear and according to the author who has first described this symptom we propose to name this corneal anomaly "Ascher-Ringe".

Aged↗
PubMed1996

Excimer laser phototherapeutic keratectomy for corneal opacities and recurrent erosion.

BACKGROUND: Phototherapeutic keratectomy (PTK) has been used to treat superficial corneal opacities, as well as the recurrent corneal erosion syndrome. METHODS: We performed PTK 6 eyes of 6 patients to treat corneal opacities, and in one eye of another patient to treat recurrent corneal erosion syndrome. Opacities were caused by a healed corneal ulcer, herpetic keratitis, band keratopathy, corneal burn, corneal dystrophy, and an excised pterygium. The follow-up period ranged from 2 to 6 months. RESULTS: Corneal clarity improved to variable degrees in all eyes with corneal opacities. There was no recurrence in the Recurrent Corneal Erosion Syndrome. A hyperopic shift was observed in 2 eyes. CONCLUSIONS: PTK appears to be an effective alternative to penetrating keratoplasty in patients with selected anterior stromal opacities can treat the Recurrent Corneal Erosion Syndrome.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Clinical pathologic correlation of superficial corneal opacities in X-linked ichthyosis.

X-linked ichthyosis is a relatively common oculodermal disorder. Characteristic corneal opacities are small punctate or filiform lesions and are located in the deep corneal stroma. In an unusual case, a 73-year-old man with X-linked ichthyosis and steroid sulfatase deficiency had superficial corneal opacities. The corneal opacities were granular in nature, involving the subepithelial and anterior stromal layers. The opacities resulted in irregular overlying corneal epithelium and were white-gray in color in direct illumination. Histopathologic and electron microscopic studies demonstrated abnormalities of the corneal epithelial basement membrane. The epithelial basement membrane was thickened with irregular extensions into Bowman's layers. Abnormal depositions of basement membrane protein were seen in the anterior stroma. These abnormalities may have resulted from increased production of basement membrane proteins by the corneal epithelium, resulting from hyperactive turnover of the basal layer.

Aged↗
PubMed1993

Clinical follow-up of phototherapeutic keratectomy for treatment of corneal opacities.

We performed phototherapeutic keratectomy with a 193-nm excimer laser on 18 sighted patients (18 eyes) to treat corneal opacities. The corneal opacities were caused by corneal dystrophies in five patients; corneal scars secondary to corneal ulcers in six patients; corneal scar secondary to trauma in four patients; and band keratopathy, atopy, or corneal calcification in three patients. Mean follow-up was eight months (range, two to 18 months). Corneal clarity improved in 14 of the 18 eyes (77.7%). Four patients, three with band keratopathy or calcification and one with postinfectious corneal scar, did not improve. Uncorrected visual acuity improved in 11 patients, did not improve in five patients (including the four patients in whom treatment failed), and decreased in another two patients, apparently because of an increase in irregular astigmatism. A hyperopic shift was observed in ten patients. None of the successfully treated eyes developed surface problems or recurrence of the disease during the follow-up. Phototherapeutic keratectomy thus appears to be a safe and effective alternative to penetrating keratoplasty in some patients with selected anterior stromal opacities.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

[Penetrating keratoplasty in congenital corneal opacities].

The clinical course and histopathological findings in 17 cases of congenital corneal opacity treated by penetrating keratoplasty are described. On the basis of the histopathological findings 9 of the cases of corneal opacity were diagnosed as Peter's anomaly, 5 cases as sclerocornea or mesenchymal dysgenesis, 2 as choristoma, and 1 case as leukoma. Only 2 of the corneal grafts performed in these infants remained clear. The underlying disease in the 2 cases where surgery was successful was Peter's anomaly, with a clear corneal periphery. From the analysis of the corneal buttons the authors deduce that graft failure in most such cases is due to severe structural changes of the host cornea. Three findings represented consistently unfavorable signs: (1) absence of Bowman's layer; (2) absence of Descemet's membrane and (3) corneal vascularization at the cut edge of the button. Immunoreaction or infection of the graft are rare causes of graft failure. Despite the extremely poor prognosis of bilateral congenital corneal opacities, penetrating keratoplasty should be attempted. The histopathological findings may be used as prognostic criteria for graft survival or the extent of anterior segment dysgenesis.

Cornea↗
PubMed1993

[Clinical use of the excimer laser in treatment of surface corneal opacities--therapeutic strategy and case reports].

BACKGROUND: The authors report on the Phototherapeutic 193nm-Excimer Laser Keratectomy (PTK) for the treatment of superficial corneal opacities. MATERIAL AND METHOD: In two cases with corneal opacities after contact lens wearing and after therapy resistant keratoconjunctivitis epidemica respectively the treatment strategy is presented. The epithelium and the corneal opacities are removed mechanically as far as possible. Then the Excimer laser smoothing with masking fluids of different viscosity is performed. RESULTS: In both patients the visual acuity improved from 1/50 and 0.16 respectively to 0.7. Both eyes had an hyperopic shift. The patients were without pain within a follow-up period of 8 months after treatment. CONCLUSION: The phototherapeutical use of the 193nm Excimer laser to treat superficial corneal opacities can be regarded as a real alternative to conventional surgical techniques.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Marked hyper-HDL2-cholesterolemia associated with premature corneal opacity. A case report.

We report here a peculiar case with premature corneal opacity and extremely high levels of HDL cholesterol in serum. The patient is a 54-year-old man who was first noticed to have marked corneal opacities at age 19. His serum HDL cholesterol level was elevated to the level of 135-160 mg/dl, while total serum cholesterol and triglyceride concentrations were 254 mg/dl and 56 mg/dl, respectively. Serum apoprotein A-I and E levels analyzed by single radial immunodiffusion method were elevated in the case. Serum lipoprotein fractions isolated by preparative ultracentrifugation revealed that increased levels of HDL cholesterol were accounted for solely by the HDL2 fraction. HDL2 of the patient contained relatively higher amounts of apoprotein E than normal control HDL2. Elution profiles of lipoproteins in high performance liquid chromatography revealed that HDL2 particles from the patient were larger in size than those from normal controls. These characteristics of HDL are in part similar to those of HDLC which appears in experimental animals after cholesterol feeding. Such abnormalities in HDL2 fractions associated with premature corneal opacity have not been reported so far and appear to constitute a new disease entity.

Cholesterol↗
PubMed1978

Mucopolysaccharidosis II (Hunter disease) with corneal opacities. Report on two patients at the extremes of a wide clinical spectrum.

Clinically visible corneal opacities were observed in a patient with an extremely severe form of mucopolysaccharidosis II. In a second patient with an unusually mild form of mucopolysaccharidosis II, discrete corneal opacities were detected by slit-lamp examination. Thus clear corneae can no longer be regarded as a hallmark of mucopolysaccharidosis II.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Histopathology and molecular cytogenetics of a corneal opacity associated with the trisomy 8 mosaic syndrome (46,XY/47,XY, +8).

The trisomy 8 mosaic syndrome (Tr8MS), karyotype 46,XY/47,XY, +8, is a rare multisystem disorder that may be associated with corneal opacity. We report the case of a dysmorphic infant with multiple congenital abnormalities referred to our unit with a congenital corneal opacity. Subsequent chromosomal analysis of peripheral leucocytes demonstrated constitutional Tr8MS. At 4 years of age, lamellar keratoplasty was performed. Histological examination confirmed the lesion to be consistent with a corneal choristoma. Cytogenetic studies using in situ hybridisation techniques showed the presence of trisomic cells in cell culture derived from the tissue in higher proportion (92%) than in the blood (44%). Amplification of the c-myc oncogene on chromosome-8 could not be detected in cells cultured from the corneal lesion. Although not proof, these findings lend support to the concept of the corneal lesion representing a focus of viable trisomic cells rather than an inflammatory response to a nidus of effete cells.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed1988

Evaluation of keratoplasty in cases of post-inflammatory corneal opacity with vascularization.

Penetrating keratoplasty was performed in 106 cases of post-inflammatory corneal opacity with vascularization. Donor material obtained post mortem was preserved in a moist chamber, MK-medium at 4 degrees C or in culture medium at room temperature. 55.7% of patients gained a useful vision after keratoplasty. The post-operative spherical error of refraction was found to be -1.4 +/- 3.6 D and the astigmatic error of refraction -3.3 +/- 2.0 D. The post-operative visual acuity was found to be 0.2 +/- 0.2. The ocular pathology associated with keratoplasty is discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Encephalomyelitis, reproductive failure and corneal opacity (blue eye) in pigs, associated with a paramyxovirus infection.

A new clinicopathological disorder associated with a paramyxovirus infection in pigs is described. Central nervous system manifestations and corneal opacity are the main features in piglets two to 21 days old. Older pigs seem to be more resistant and only corneal opacity is commonly observed. In pregnant sows the virus appears to be responsible for reproductive disturbances such as stillbirth, mummification and a return to oestrus. The changes are mainly microscopic and characterised by a non-suppurative encephalomyelitis, interstitial pneumonia and anterior uveitis with corneal oedema. Experimental infection of one-day-old piglets with the virus reproduced clinical signs similar to those described in naturally infected piglets. The virus was recovered from the tonsils, lung and brain of the experimentally infected piglets between the fourth and 20th day after infection.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Familial high-density-lipoprotein deficiency causing corneal opacities (fish eye disease) in a family of Dutch descent.

Fish eye disease (FED) is an extremely rare familial disorder characterized by severe HDL deficiency and extensive corneal opacities. This disorder appears to be a variant of familial lecithin: cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT) deficiency in which the enzyme remains partly active yet the ability of the enzyme to esterify cholesterol in high-density lipoprotein (HDL) has been lost. The rarity of this disorder has limited advances in our understanding of the pathophysiology of the HDL deficiency. However, we here describe the clinical and biochemical presentation of a family with FED who are of Dutch descent. The proposition presented with HDL deficiency and corneal opacity. Subsequently, they were diagnosed as having FED by the absence of LCAT activity against a small proteoliposome substrate despite the presence of half-normal LCAT mass and a near-normal ratio of unesterified to total cholesterol in plasma. Heterozygotes presented with half-normal LCAT activity, but not with decreased HDL. With the identification of this three-generation family, renewed investigation of this intriguing disorder of HDL is now possible.

Adult↗