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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1999

Psychological conditions diagnosed among veterans seeking Department of Defense Care for Gulf War-related health concerns.

The Comprehensive Clinical Evaluation Program is a US military program that provides a voluntary, clinically oriented evaluation for Gulf War health concerns. This article presents administrative data on psychological conditions (as coded using the International Classification of Diseases, 9th Revision) from the first year of the program. The most commonly diagnosed psychological conditions were medically unexplained physical-symptom syndromes; depression and anxiety, including post-traumatic stress disorder; and alcohol abuse or dependence. Psychological conditions were significantly related to a higher number of workdays lost, and the 19% of veterans with a primary diagnosis of a psychological condition reported 28% of the lost workdays among veteran who participated. Stressful Gulf War experiences were weakly but significantly related to psychological conditions. We conclude that among Gulf War veterans seeking evaluation for Gulf War-related health concerns, psychological conditions are common and are associated with important occupational morbidity.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

Psychological condition of patients complaining of halitosis.

OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between the actual degree of malodor and the psychological condition of patients complaining of halitosis. METHODS: The subjects consisted of 155 patients aged 46+/-17 years (mean+/-SD) who visited the Halitosis Clinic at Kyushu University Dental Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan. The Cornell Medical Index (CMI) Health Questionnaire was used to evaluate the psychological condition of patients. The degree of halitosis was estimated by the organoleptic test. RESULTS: Fifty-five percent of the patients had no or slight odor. Patients with a lower degree of halitosis showed a stronger psychopathological profile. There was a significant correlation between the degree of halitosis and the tendency toward neurosis (Spearman's rank correlation coefficient r=-0.37, P<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: The results suggest that psychological condition is closely associated with symptoms of patients complaining of halitosis. The CMI Health Questionnaire may be a helpful tool for the diagnosis of patients who complain of halitosis.

Chi-Square Distribution↗
PubMed2005

Psychological condition and quality of life in patients with morbid obesity before and after surgical weight loss.

BACKGROUND: Bariatric surgery results in significant weight loss, improvement or cure of accompanying illnesses, and may lead to important changes in psychological conditions. The aim of this paper is to study the changes in the psychological and emotional lives of patients as well as quality of life during the first 2 years after vertical banded gastroplasty (VBG). METHODS: The study population comprised 59 patients, 45 women (76.3%) and 14 men, between 18 and 64 years old. Patients were asked to complete an SCL-90R questionnaire before VBG. 2 years after VBG, patients were again asked to complete an SCL-90R as well as a BAROS questionnaire. Comparisons were made between loss of weight, alteration in the psychological condition and quality of life postoperatively, within the parameters of sex, age, marital status, level of education, duration of obesity and family history of obesity. RESULTS: Women had a greater degree of depression from obesity than their male counterparts before the procedure (P=0.001), while their postoperative emotional improvement was more marked (P=0.008). The General Mental Health Index was higher in female than male patients (P=0.008). At 2 years after VBG, BMI was significantly reduced (P<0.001). Oversensitivity in personal relationships and anxiety affected patients more both pre- and postoperatively. The averages of all the indexes of the subgroups of the SCL-90R, which relates to psychological condition of patients, showed a statistically significant reduction at 2 years following VBG, indicative of the improvement of the patients' psychosomatic condition. The more weight patients lost, the more their quality of life improved, as evaluated by the BAROS (P<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: The bariatric surgery most satisfactorily improved the patients' psychosomatic condition, as well as their quality of life, during the first 2 years after VBG.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

[Paradoxical effects of physical exercise on the psychological condition in students playing squash or volleyball (author's transl)].

The effect of physical exercise on the psychological condition was measured using a standardized questionnaire in 50 students playing squash and in 20 students playing volleyball. Measurements were taken immediatley before and after a game and again one hour later. For those subjects who were in bad shape before a game, both squash and volleyball resulted in a considerable improvement in the psychological condition. However, those subjects who initially were in very good shape, physical exercise decreased slightly their psychological well-being.

Humans↗
PubMed1996

[Subjective happiness and psychological condition in SLE].

We reported the relationship between subjective happiness and psychological condition to investigate which factor effects the quality of life (QOL) in 18 patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and compared them with age, sex and dose of steroid matched 18 patients with chronic glomerular nephritis (CGN). The patients were evaluated in morale scale-revised (Japanese version) which is a standard method of evaluating subjective happiness in relation to QOL. State-trait anxiety inventory (STAI) of Spielberger was used for evaluation of anxiety condition with self rating depression scale (SDS) of Zung in evaluation of depressive state. We examined the relationship between morale scale and SDS and morale scale and STAI. The relationship between morale scale and age; period of the disease, dose of steroid and activity were also investigated. There were no significant differences between the groups on morale scale, SDS and STAI and there were no significant correlations between morale scale and age; period of the disease and the dose of steroid in the both groups. There were correlations between morale scale and state and trait anxiety in the group with SLE and morale scale and trait anxiety in the group with CGN. We concluded that anxiety decreased the QOL in patients with SLE and CGN.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Psychic and medical reactions in patients undergoing open heart surgery in relation to preoperative psychological condition].

This study reports some results on the postoperative psychological and medical condition of 72 open-heart surgery patients. Special emphasis is placed on the relationship between the postoperative reactions and the preoperative psychological condition of the patients as assessed by an interview. Patients whose postoperative reactions was of a psychotic paranoid type conceived the operation as a mainly technical event and had optimistic expectations for the future. Patients who reacted in a hostile aggressive manner after the operation were preoperatively emotionally withdrawn and depressive inhibited. As far as the postoperative physical condition is concerned it was found that patients with the best recovery in this respect were preoperatively characterized by alexithymia. The results are discussed under psychonalytical aspects. Special emphasis is placed on the preoperative condition of alexithymia.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A life course approach to assessing causes of dental caries experience: the relationship between biological, behavioural, socio-economic and psychological conditions and caries in adolescents.

The objective of this study was to further elucidate the relationship between relevant biological, behavioural, socio-economic and psychological conditions, experienced in very early life and along the life course, and dental caries experience using the life course approach. A two-phase study was carried out in Brazil. In the first phase, 652 13-year-olds were clinically examined and interviewed. In the second phase, 330 families were randomly selected for interview to collect information on the teenagers' early years of life. Clinical assessment included dental caries, periodontal and traumatic dental injury status. The data analysis involved multiple logistic regression analysis. Adolescents born in a non-brick house, those with a low birth weight and those who were the second or later child in the family were statistically significantly more likely to have a high DMF-T. In conclusion, the results of this study show that there is an association between socio-economic and biological factors in very early life and levels of caries in adolescents.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

The Tromsø Study: associations between self-reported arrhythmia, psychological conditions, and lifestyle.

In a survey, 19222 males and females aged 12-64 answered a question about sudden changes of heart rate or rhythm during the preceding year. The prevalence of reported arrhythmia was 12.4% in males and 17.2% in females. Multiple logistic regression was performed with self-reported arrhythmia as the dependent variable and psychological, lifestyle, and coronary risk factors as independent variables. The highest odds ratio for reported arrhythmia concerned poor compared with excellent health status; 3.86 in males and 2.98 in females. The relative risk for reported arrhythmia according to frequency of physician consultations was 2.28 in males and 1.70 in females, and odds ratios in both sexes were significant for psychological problems and smoking. The findings suggest that attention should be paid to the psychological conditions and lifestyle of patients who report irregular heartbeats. Self-reported arrhythmia may be a minor problem from a clinical point of view, but we still do not know its prognostic implications. Further work is necessary to determine the predictive strength of self reported arrhythmia for morbidity and mortality.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

85-year-olds in Denmark. The socio-psychological conditions and general health and disorders in a representative group of 85-year-old Danes.

A population of persons born in 1897 and resident in Glostrup and eight surrounding municipalities was investigated when these persons were 70, 80 and 85 years old. Some of the results are mentioned from the cross-sectional, epidemiological survey on the socio-psychological conditions and general health and disorders in this representative population which includes almost 2% of the Danish 85-year-olds. The examination programme was extensive, and of data rather comprehensive. The aim of this article is to make known some of the information, observations and results of several tests performed, including 56 different laboratory tests and nutritional analyses. It is worth mentioning that about three fourths of the 85-year-olds were self-reliant and contended with their actual life and lifestyle. Nevertheless suggestions or recommendations for interventions were given to 85% of the participants as well as the general practitioners. The data have already formed the basis of several frames of references.

Aged↗
PubMed2000

Chronic conditions, psychological distress and the use of psychoactive medications.

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to examine whether number and type of chronic conditions are related to psychological distress, fatigue, and the use of psychoactive medications. METHODS: Data were taken from a community-based sample of adults who had responded to a health survey mailing (N = 9428). Chronic conditions were assessed by self-report. Information on the use of psychoactive medications was extracted from a claims database of prescribed drugs. Chronic conditions were compared controlling for confounding factors. RESULTS: Strong associations were found between the number of chronic conditions, on the one hand, and psychological distress and fatigue, on the other. There was a less strong association between these factors and the use of medication for anxiety and stress, the use of sleeping pills or tranquilizers, and the use of antidepressants. There was only a partial association between type of condition, psychological distress, and fatigue. Migraine had the broadest impact, having an effect on psychological distress and fatigue and on the use of anxiolytics, as well as the use of antidepressants. CONCLUSION: The association of chronic conditions with psychological distress, fatigue, and the use of psychoactive medications appeared to be related more to the number of conditions than to the type of condition.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Psychological condition hormone levels in war trauma.

Psychological and hormonal responses to various degrees of war-related traumatic experience were analysed in 91 subjects. Their psychological responses (psychosomatic, personality traits, etc.) were evaluated by the COR-NEX2 test. Based on test results, the subjects were classified into three groups: G1 = normal, G2 = moderate, and G3 = severe response. The distribution of subjects in the three groups was related to the intensity and duration of stress that they had been exposed to. Serum levels of cortisol, prolactin, beta-endorphin, thyroxin and triiodothyronine were analysed in all subjects. The levels of cortisol and prolactin were significantly decreased in subjects expressing a severe psychological response, while the level of prolactin correlated with COR-NEX2 test scores. Although relations to other intervening variables are to be investigated, our results indicated that endocrine changes, following trauma, were not random, but rather related to stress-induced psychological responses, and not to trauma per se.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Influence of conditioned psychological stress on immunological recovery in mice exposed to low-dose X irradiation.

A study was initiated to determine the effects of psychological stress on the immune response in BALB/c mice recovering from exposure to a low dose of ionizing radiation. Mice were first subjected to conditioning training for 12 days, then exposed to 200 R, subjected to psychological stress for 14 days, and assessed for peak anti-sheep RBC response. The seven treatment groups included two unirradiated groups and five irradiated groups. Mice exposed to 200 R and then subjected to conditioned psychological stress responded less vigorously to antigenic stimulation than those of the other irradiated groups. The psychological stress imposed upon these mice did not influence the antibody-forming capacity of unirradiated mice. These results indicate that a psychological stress which did not affect the immunological activity of unirradiated mice can curtail the immunological recovery of mice exposed to low doses of ionizing radiation.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Experiments in artificial psychology: conditioning of asynchronous neural network models.

An asynchronous model for the dynamics of neural networks admits learning behaviors characteristic of classical and operant conditioning provided that appropriate plasticity algorithms are chosen. Stimulus generalization and discrimination can also be observed. Studies of such psychological phenomena are carried out by computer simulation of networks with designated sensory, association, and motor neurons, and the results are compared to those for live subjects. Various prescriptions for plasticity are investigated, including those corresponding to reward, punishment, and unlearning routines. These are characterized by their effect on network stability as quantified by a newly proposed stability measure.

Animals↗
PubMed2006

[Obesity--a somatic or psychological condition or both?].

Obesity, defined as a body mass index>or=30 kg/m2, is a modern epidemic and is increasing worldwide. Depending on the genetic makeup, lifestyle factors such as high-caloric nutrition, lack of physical activity and certain psychosocial conditions are the main determinants of its manifestation and progression. Numerous epidemiologic studies consistently show that obesity is associated with many comorbidities and, moreover, reduces quality of life and life expectancy. For this reason, there is clear need for an evidence-based treatment considering the individual risk. Each treatment program consists of a hypocaloric diet, increase in physical activity, a behavior modification training and, eventually, weight-lowering drugs. An effective treatment of this condition may not only significantly improve most somatic and psychological comorbidities of the patients but also prolong life.

Behavior Therapy↗