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Results for “Concentration Camps”

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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1994

cAMP concentrations, cAMP dependent protein kinase activity, and phospholamban in non-failing and failing myocardium.

OBJECTIVE: Several signal transduction defects such as a reduction of myocardial cAMP formation and an altered intracellular Ca2+ handling have been observed in the failing human myocardium. The aim of the study was to obtain data on changes beyond cAMP formation involving cAMP dependent protein kinase and its substrates. METHODS: cAMP dependent protein kinase activity and cAMP concentrations were measured in the particulate and soluble fraction of failing human hearts (ischaemic, and dilated cardiomyopathy) and non-failing donor hearts. Phospholamban was quantified by cAMP dependent phosphorylation using 32P-ATP as substrate and on western blots using a monoclonal antibody. RESULTS: cAMP concentrations were reduced in the particulate fraction in both ischaemic and dilated cardiomyopathy and in the soluble fraction in dilated cardiomyopathy, but there was no difference in cAMP dependent protein kinase activity. Both phospholamban levels and cAMP dependent phosphorylation of phospholamban were similar in non-failing myocardium and in both ischaemic and dilated cardiomyopathy. CONCLUSIONS: These findings show that the reduction of cAMP formation is the predominant alteration in heart failure, but cAMP dependent protein kinase and phospholamban are evidently unchanged.

Adenosine Triphosphatases↗
PubMed1984

Cardiac contractility, cAMP concentration, cAMP-dependent protein kinase, and phosphorylase activation during acute pressure overload.

The relationship between increases in myocardial contractility and cAMP and protein kinase activity were studied for hearts of normal rats and those with altered sympathectic capacity produced by the combined treatments of adrenalectomy, and 6-hydroxydopamine and propranolol injections. Increases in myocardial contractility, evaluated from intra-ventricular pressure changes, were produced by occlusion of the ascending aorta for 15, 20, or 25 s. Resting peak left ventricular pressure and the rate of rise of left ventricular pressure were lower (P less than 0.05) in sympathectomized animals, however, aortic occlusion abolished these differences. Time to peak tension and the relationship between end-diastolic pressure and developed pressure were unchanged by sympathectomy. ATP and CP concentrations in freeze clamped samples of the myocardium were lower (P less than 0.05) in both groups after aortic occlusion whereas lactate was elevated (P less than 0.05). Sympathectomy delayed and reduced the magnitude of the increase in the phosphorylase a/a + b ratio produced by aortic occlusion. Myocardial cAMP concentration was increased in the normal rats but decreased in sympathectomized animals after aortic occlusion. cAMP-dependent protein kinase activity followed the pattern of cAMP. The results demonstrate that heart possesses the capacity to increase its contractility to an acute, short-term overload even when devoid of sympathetic control.

Adrenal Medulla↗
PubMed1991

Ultradian and circadian changes in the cAMP concentration in the preoptic region of the rat.

The concentration of adenosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate was measured, during the wake-sleep cycle, in the preoptic region and the cerebral cortex of rats kept in normal laboratory conditions (ambient temperature 22 +/- 0.5 degrees C, 12 h:12 h light-dark cycle) and, during wakefulness, in the preoptic region of rats exposed to extended light and dark periods (i.e. dark in the light hours of the normal photoperiod, and light in the dark hours of the normal photoperiod). The results show that the concentration of cAMP in the preoptic region changes according to the ultradian wake-sleep cyclic, decreasing from wakefulness, through synchronized sleep and to desynchronized sleep. This pattern of change was found to occur both in light and dark hours, however, in the dark hours the levels of preoptic cAMP are higher than those observed in the light hours. In contrast, no significant modification in cAMP concentration was found in the cerebral cortex. In the extended light and dark periods preoptic cAMP concentration increases above the levels found during wakefulness in normal photoperiods. These results show that preoptic cAMP concentration is influenced by ultradian and circadian factors which also appear to be related to sleep processes.

Activity Cycles↗
PubMed1986

[Modification of cAMP concentration of the human sperm by low temperature preservation and sperm preparation for in vitro fertilization of oocytes].

The cryopreservation was accompanied by a significant decrease of the concentration of cAMP of human spermatozoa. The process of isolation of spermatozoa with the aim of the fertilization of oocytes hardly influenced the cAMP-concentration. Immediately following incubation of the spermatozoa in a basic capacitation medium led to an increase of the level of cAMP in spermatozoa. Significant differences were detectable comparing the concentration of cAMP after incubation in presence and absence of albumin.

Cyclic AMP↗
PubMed1993

Long-term mortality of Nazi concentration camp survivors.

Nazi concentration camp survivors have been shown to have excess mortality in the first 20 years following their release. To determine if this excess persists, Israeli civil servants were studied. Mortality of camp survivors and of other post-war European immigrants was compared 20-41 years following World War II. Using survival analysis and proportional hazards models, no difference in mortality rates was found.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[Salvaging a mass grave from 1945--Lieberose Labor Camp of the Sachsenhausen concentration camp].

It is reported about a recovering a common grave of 577 skeletons from 1945. Investigations of the age of the victims, the cause of death etc. were carried out. There were gunshot fractures at 541 skeletons. In 93.7% out of all cases there were gunshot fractures of the skull and the cervical vertebra. Difficulties arose from root interpretations in addition to intertwinings owing to the location of the skeletons. Indications to belonging to nationality of the victims are discussed by means the results from AB0-analysis and denture works.

Burial↗
PubMed2000

Binge eating and eating attitudes among Nazi concentration camp survivors.

BACKGROUND: Prisoners in Nazi concentration camps lived through extreme situations that included starvation. We test our hypothesis that there is a greater lifetime presence of binge eating among survivors from concentration camps than in a control group. METHODS: The subjects were 51 political prisoners who survived Nazi concentration camps and 47 ex-partisans of similar age and sex. A clinical interview investigated the lifetime occurrence of binge eating. The Eating Attitudes Test was also administered. RESULTS: The mean reported loss of weight among survivors was 27-3 kg. Thirty-three per cent of them and 4% of the ex-partisans reported going on eating binges at some time in their lives (P < 0.0007). There was no significant difference in the Eating Attitudes Test scores of survivors and ex-partisans, but, among survivors, the Bulimia subscale significantly discriminated subjects who reported current binge eating. CONCLUSIONS: Our study confirms that subjects who have survived a period of extreme food deprivation are more likely to develop binge eating behaviour.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Dissociative symptoms and amnesia in Dutch concentration camp survivors.

We examined to what extent dissociative phenomena in concentration camp survivors are related to post-traumatic stress symptoms. Self-reports of amnesia for traumatic war events and other dissociative experiences were studied in a sample of 31 Dutch survivors of World War II (WWII) Japanese concentration camps. Seventeen survivors treated for war-related psychiatric symptoms were compared to 14 concentration camp survivors who had no psychiatric diagnosis. Although survivors who received treatment scored significantly higher on the Impact of Event Scale and the Post-Traumatic Symptom Scale than control survivors, the two groups did not differ in terms of accessibility of war memories or dissociative experiences. Levels of post-traumatic stress symptoms were not significantly correlated with dissociative experiences. In both groups, reports of psychogenic amnesia for traumatic events were rare. Our results support previous studies demonstrating that post-traumatic stress symptoms are not necessarily accompanied by dissociative experiences. They also contradict the suggestion that amnesia is a common phenomenon in people who have been exposed to war atrocities.

Adolescent↗