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Results for “Community Relations”

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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1988

Friendly visiting as a means of informing homebound senior citizens of health-related community services.

Health-related community services designed for the senior population include delivered and congregate meals, visiting health-aides and nurses, adult day care and telephone and postal checks. Friendly visiting programs may prove helpful in informing homebound senior citizens of these health-related community services. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of friendly visiting as a means of informing homebound senior citizens of health-related community services. Visited homebound seniors were contrasted with homebound controls. Visiting occurred in two forms. One group received visitors from an ongoing friendly visiting program (VISITING AS IS) in their community and a second group received visitors who were specifically trained to convey community referral information (REACH). A control group received no visiting of any kind. All three groups were administered pre- and post-interviews asking their knowledge of eight community services. At the end of the twelve week program, the post-interview means of the two homebound visited groups did differ significantly from the mean of the unvisited controls when contrasts were made using pre-interview scores as the covariate, F(2,78) = 8.19 (p less than .05). The homebound senior citizens visited by the REACH visitors increased their knowledge of services significantly more than the homebound seniors contacted by VISITING AS IS visitors F(1,52) = 7.20 (p less than .01). While the simple act of being visited did lead to increased knowledge at the .05 level, trained visitors were able to convey such information to a greater degree (p less than .01). Awareness of community services can be effectively transmitted by friendly visitors and improved when a program is implemented to train the visitors to meet his goal.

Aged↗
PubMed1988

State government at the grass roots: a community relations approach to mental health program development.

Integrating consultation and education and community organization techniques within a community relations framework has proven effective in catalyzing a productive partnership between grass-roots, community leaders and a state mental health program. The programmatic accomplishments-enhanced mental health services for the most vulnerable populations, including the aged, the chronically mentally ill, and high-risk youth, and enhanced community and political support for mental health services, all achieved without increase in state mental health expenditures-validate a methodology which is applicable in a wide variety of mental health settings.

Community Mental Health Services↗
PubMed2000

Effectiveness of a decentralized, community-related approach to reduce cardiovascular disease risk factor levels in Germany.

AIMS: Conventional community-oriented prevention programmes have been moderately successful in reducing cardiovascular disease risk factor levels in the population. Within the German Cardiovascular Prevention Study, a new decentralized and community-related form of preventive intervention was tested. METHODS AND RESULTS: Interested lay people and general practitioners co-operated in developing activities conducive towards a healthier lifestyle in two towns. Changes in risk factor levels were evaluated by repeated surveys of independent cross-sectional samples in two intervention communities (n=3460, baseline; 2561, final). National survey data (n=4788, baseline; 5311, final) were used to describe secular trends. Six years after the onset of intervention activities the following changes in risk factor prevalence for both sexes combined were observed in the intervention communities (95% CI in brackets): smoking -10.5% (-17.6 to -3.4); hypertension -29.0% (-38.1 to -19. 9); total cholesterol >/=250 mg. dl(-1)-8.1% (-15.4 to -0.9). In contrast to a national increase in the prevalence of obesity, this rate remained stable in the intervention communities. CONCLUSION: Initiating preventive activities developed by community members under the responsibility of local doctors is effective in lowering cardiovascular risk factors at community level. Unlike traditional intervention programmes this new approach does not require external funding and guidance.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

[How effective is community-based therapy of criminals? The effectiveness of community-related measures to prevent re-offending in criminals and mentally ill lawbreakers].

OBJECTIVE: Due to the passing of new laws and pressure caused by rising costs in public financing, forensic psychiatry and prisons must develop alternatives to conventional treatment in a closed setting. This paper gives an overview of the relevant research results on the therapy of offenders or mentally ill lawbreakers, elucidates the effects of community-based approaches and takes these as a basis for practical recommendations. METHODS: Survey of the relevant literature. RESULTS: Following a time of therapeutic pessimism, the last decades have demonstrated the general effectiveness of treating offenders and lawbreakers. Adequate therapy has resulted in an up to 30% reduction of relevant re-offences. The positive effect in treating offenders was confirmed especially for community-related approaches. Additional research is necessary to further improve effectiveness. The requirements for a successful community-based therapy for offenders derived from the literature are summarised. CONCLUSIONS: There is still limited information on the differential effects of successful ambulant measures after serving one's sentence in a prison or forensic psychiatric security facility. The current legal situation in the Federal Republic of Germany is conductive to gain the knowledge required for achieving more effective therapy of offenders after discharge, which would contribute to better protection of the public.

Ambulatory Care↗
PubMed1998

[Homebound elderly in a Japanese community: related factors and change of mobility].

The aim of this study was to identify the prevalence of homebound elderly (defined as people whose daily activities were limited to their home) and factors related to it among 300 community elderly residents aged 60 and over in Yamagata city. In 1995, the baseline survey was performed and the follow-up survey was conducted one year later. Subjects were divided into two groups according to the extent of their daily activities: the non-homebound group (defined as people whose daily activities extended into their community) and the homebound group. The main results were as follows; 1. The prevalence of homebound elderly was 7.7% in 1995. 2. Chi-square test or t test was performed to examine the relationship between homebound and various factors. Significant factors were age, history of hypertension, history of mental disease, incompetence of ADLs (walking, eating, toileting, bathing, dressing), interpersonal dependency, subjective health, 'ikigai' (meaningfulness of life), life style (cooking, cleaning, reading newspaper or magazine, watching TV, exercise, associate with friend) and TMIG (Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology) index of competence. The present study reveals that daily activities in community elderly residents is related to not only physical factors but also psychosocial factors. Using the significant variables in univariate analysis, multiple logistic regression analysis controlling for age was performed. Significant factors for homebound were incompetence of ADLs (walking, toileting), subjective health and TMIG index of competence. 3. Three out of 214 non-homebound elderly persons in 1995 changed to homebound in 1996.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMed1953

Community relations.

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Community-Institutional Relations↗