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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1998

Revisiting community participation.

Community participation in health is a complex entity that has been examined extensively in the literature and continues to be of great interest among community health workers. The genesis of the idea and its conceptual development are primarily attributed to large multinational health institutions, particularly the World Health Organization. However, the implementation of community participation is the ultimate responsibility of local health programme initiators. It is therefore at the local level where day to day realities of incorporating community participation into health service delivery are confronted. This paper reviews the value of community participation in health and provides a detailed examination of the challenges facing its implementation and sustainability. In 1978, the World Health Organization placed community participation squarely at the centre of their strategy to achieve Health For All By The Year 2000. As the year 2000 nears, it is time to critically re-examine the notion of community participation and the most pressing challenges to its viability.

Community Health Planning↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The opinions of the different participants on community participation in family health and planning].

Community participation constitutes a central strategy in the provision of health services, particularly in poor communities in this country. Little is known, however, about the different actors's point of view regarding this strategy. This is true particularly for female community members and community workers. In this paper, historical antecedents of community participation are discussed and some results of a research work are presented, which explored attitudes and opinions of different groups of interviewees, regarding the idea of community participation in health and family planning. The involved groups are: female community members, community workers, community leaders, medical supervisors which control community workers, and medical executives which control those supervisors. It is emphasized that medical executives are the strongest supporters of community participation, while community members are the weakest. The importance of taking into account the community members' position on matters such as community participation in family planning is stressed.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

Finding a way: Afghan women's experience in community participation.

Community participation is embedded in primary health care and is key to improving the health and well-being of communities. The concept has not, however, been well studied particularly from the perspective of community members who participate. This article describes findings from qualitative interviews with five Afghan refugee women to explore their experience and the meaning of community participation. From data analysis, two themes emerged: Becoming active encompasses their stories of home, flight, resettlement, learning, and coming together; and being active reflects what they are doing and why they are doing it. Nascent themes and questions that need further elucidation are also discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Community participation or community manipulation? A case study of the Illawarra Cancer Appeal-a-thon.

Fashion parades, balls, raffles, and weekly deductions from thousands of workers' pay packets were integral to success of the Cancer Appeal-a-thon in the Illawarra region. In 1986-87 the Illawarra community was induced to contribute $1.5 million in order to purchase a linear accelerator for the Wollongong Hospital. The community agreed that a radiotherapy machine was the number one health service priority for the region. Or did it? Application of Alford's structural interests framework to this case-study reveals how failure to examine power relations between medical monopolizers, health care rationalizers and community participants results in an inability to recognise that alternative community needs--for cancer prevention, domiciliary care, or alternative therapies--might be unarticulated or unobservable, and in an inability to ask whether the community may be mistaken about, or unaware of, its own health needs. Specifically, the paper argues that, 'community needs' are easily manipulated or distorted by powerful interest groups and that the political context within which community needs are recognized, articulated and mobilized is the most important issue for community participation in the health policy-making process.

Community Participation↗
PubMed1983

Primary health care in Southeast Asia: attitudes about community participation in community health programmes.

Although community participation in health has become a major plank in WHO's Primary Health Care platform, comparatively little concrete programme data has been collected which helps to define its potentials and problems. In an effort to expand knowledge in this area, a study of three Church-related community health programmes in Southeast Asia was undertaken. All three programmes have the stated goal of 'having the community take responsibility for its own health care' and as a concrete step in this direction, have developed training programmes for community health workers (CHWs). Starting about the same time, 1973-1975, they provide data for comparative examination of the development of community participation. As part of the study, a questionnaire was designed to elicit information from three categories of programme participants (the medical professionals, the community development workers and the CHWs) in community health programmes. It sought to discover their attitudes about the objectives of community health programmes; impact and measurements of success of these programmes; the role of health services; the role of medical professionals and community development workers in community health programmes; the role and training of community health workers; and financing community health programmes. The hypothesis of the investigation was that all three categories of programme participants in one programme share attitudes distinct from participants in the other two programmes. Although, due to technical reasons, it was not possible to test this hypothesis, the survey produced other conclusions.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Asia, Southeastern↗
PubMed1997

Do local inhabitants want to participate in community injury prevention?: a focus on the significance of local identities for community participation.

During the 1980s the community became the object of new interest and enthusiasm among many health promotion practitioners and researchers, and the principle of community participation was put on the research agenda. However, recent evaluations of major community health promotion programs have questioned the value of community interventions. This paper argues that the community level need not be of less importance in future health promotion initiatives. It is discussed whether the cultural dimension and the significance of local identities, neglected in most community health promotion programs, should receive more attention when local inhabitants are invited to participate in health promotion or disease prevention activities. Results from a study of injury prevention projects in small Norwegian municipalities indicate that the inhabitants' identification with local spatial subarenas might play an important role when they decide to become involved in injury prevention. Contemporary sociological approaches to the community, focusing on developments of local identities in processes of globalization, have formed a theoretical frame of reference in this study.

Attitude to Health↗
PubMed1993

Personal competencies and community participation in small community residential programs: a multiple discriminant analysis.

We examined whether broad factors assessing dimensions of personal competency and community participation could be used to discriminate between people with mental retardation who were living in small group homes and small foster homes. Using a large national sample and multiple discriminant analysis procedures, we found that personal competencies were least important in distinguishing on the basis of setting between people living in the two types of residential placements. Primary differences emerged in factors assessing extent of community participation, family relationships, and recreation/leisure integration. Implications for policy and future research were presented and discussed.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMed1996

Primary health care, community participation and community-financing: experiences of two middle hill villages in Nepal.

Although community involvement in health related activities is generally acknowledged by international and national health planners to be the key to the successful organization of primary health care, comparatively little is known about its potential and limitations. Drawing on the experiences of two middle hill villages in Nepal, this paper reports on research undertaken to compare and contrast the scope and extent of community participation in the delivery of primary health care in a community run and financed health post and a state run and financed health post. Unlike many other health posts in Nepal these facilities do provide effective curative services, and neither of them suffer from chronic shortage of drugs. However, community-financing did not appear to widen the scope and the extent of participation. Villagers in both communities relied on the health post for the treatment of less than one-third of symptoms, and despite the planners' intentions, community involvement outside participation in benefits was found to be very limited.

Allied Health Personnel↗
PubMed2004

[Community participation: need, excuse, or strategy? What are we talking about when we refer to community participation?].

This paper evaluates the strategy of including community participation in health care and health promotion programs, taking into account three dimensions: the pertinence of the practice, the characteristics of its implementation, and the results generated by it. After doing a critical review of the bibliography on the issue, we came to the conclusion that many heterogeneous programs are grouped under the term "community participation". This requires a specification of what king of community participation is being talked about. As a consequence, the study proposes a classification of the different practices grouped under this heading. The following criteria were used in the classification: 1) theoretical and ideological conceptions underlying the practice of community participation; 2) aspects to be implemented and subjects to be influenced by intervention; and 3) forms that community participation takes in practice. The study also analyzes the articulation between these three aspects. Finally, the role of social research and qualitative methodology in the implementation of community participation for health care programs is considered. The study also considers challenges that overall proposals must face in order for strategies to develop successfully, beyond their differences in conception and implementation.

English Abstract↗
PubMed1988

Community participation in the Mamre Community Health Project.

From the outset, community participation has been a working principle of the Mamre Community Health Project. The health planning approach was the predominant one used in Mamre. Attempts at improving community participation include the involvement of a steering committee elected by community members, the use of local people as interviewers and the feedback of results to the community in an accessible way. The process of negotiation of entry into the community was concluded. While consent and passive participation of the community were achieved, active participation remains a challenge for the future. Means of realistically evaluating community participation need to be developed.

Community Health Services↗
PubMed2003

Community participation in a rural community health trust: the case of Lawrence, New Zealand.

Since the mid-1980s, the New Zealand health sector has been in a state of continual change. The most radical changes were in the early-1990s, with the creation of an internal market system for public health care delivery. Rural health services, seen to be unviable, were given the option of establishing themselves as 'community trusts', owning and running their own services. Community trusts have since become a feature of rural health care in New Zealand. An expectation was that community trusts would facilitate community participation. This article reports on a study of participation in a rural community health trust. The 'pentagram model' of Rifkin and coworkers, with its five dimensions of participation-needs assessment, leadership, resource mobilization, management and organization-was applied. High levels of participation were found across each of these dimensions. The research revealed additional dimensions that could be added to the framework, including 'sustainability of participation', 'equity in participation' and 'the dynamic socio-political context'. In this regard, it supports recent theoretical work by Laverack (2001) and Laverack and Wallerstein (2001). Finally, the article comments on the future of rural health trusts in the current round of health sector restructuring.

Catchment Area, Health↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Outbreak investigations: Community participation and role of community and public health nurses.

Community and public health nurses (C/PHNs) may play a vital role in the investigation of disease outbreaks. C/PHNs possess skills in conducting interviews on sensitive subjects and in collaborating with communities. C/PHNs maintain key links to community providers, symptomatic clients, their families and associates, as well as community institutions where outbreaks occur. This combination of skills makes C/PHNs ideally suited to perform outbreak investigations. There are, however, pressing questions about whether C/PHNs are adequately prepared to contribute to investigation outcomes, to foster participation of affected communities, and to fully apply nursing skills to outbreak investigations to stop the spread of disease. Using one case study, the authors explore investigation outcomes, community participation issues, educational preparation, and public health funding and workforce policies required to achieve these ends successfully. One model of community participation in the steps of outbreak investigation and several Quad Council domains and competencies are proposed for use in practice. Questions regarding the use of emergency preparedness funding and employment of C/PHNs in epidemiology roles are raised.

Caliciviridae Infections↗