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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1988

Correlations between quantitative cineangiography, coronary flow reserve measured with digital subtraction cineangiography and exercise thallium perfusion scintigraphy.

The goal of this investigation was to establish which anatomical parameters of stenotic lesions correlate best with its functional severity. Therefore, thirty-eight patients with single vessel disease underwent coronary cineangiography and exercise/redistribution thallium-201 scintigraphy. Cross-sectional area at the site of obstruction (OA), percentage diameter stenosis (DS), the calculated pressuredrop over the stenosis (PD), as well as coronary flow reserve (CFR) derived from myocardial contrast appearance time and density were determined. The relations between CFR and the 3 anatomical parameters were described by the following equations: CFR = 4.6 - 0.053 DS, r = 0.82, SEE: 0.79, p less than 0.001 CFR = 0.5 + 0.75 OA, r = 0.87, SEE: 0.68, p less than 0.001 CFR = 3.6 - 1.5 log PD, r = 0.90, SEE: 0.62, p less than 0.001 The calculated pressuredrop was highly predictive of the thallium scintigraphic results with a sensitivity of 94% and a specificity of 90%. Therefore, the calculated pressuredrop is a better anatomical parameter for assessing the functional importance of a stenosis than percentage diameter stenosis or obstruction area. However, the 95% confidence limits of the relation between pressuredrop and coronary flow reserve are wide, making measurement of CFR a valuable addition to quantitative angiography, especially when determining the functional importance of moderately severe coronary artery lesions.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

Lack of agreement between left ventricular volumes and ejection fraction determined by two-dimensional echocardiography and contrast cineangiography in postinfarction patients.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the agreement between left ventricular (LV) volumes and ejection fraction (EF) determined by two-dimensional echocardiography (2-D echo) and by cineangiography in postinfarction patients. DESIGN: LV end-diastolic and end-systolic volumes indexed (EDVI and ESVI) to body surface area as well as EF were determined by both methods in all patients. SETTING: Multicenter trial conducted in five university hospitals. PATIENTS: 63 patients, 61 male, two female, mean age 55.5 +/- 10.4 years, suffering from a recent myocardial infarction. Eighty-one pairs of measurements were available. METHODS: The results of biplane 2-D echo measures, using apical four-chamber (4C) and two-chamber (2C) views were compared to those of a 30 degrees right anterior oblique cineangiography projection, using either the apical method of discs or the area-length 2-D echo method. Moreover, eyeball EF was estimated at 2-D echo and cineangiography, and was compared to the conventional methods. The agreement between results was assessed by the Bland and Altman method. RESULTS: The agreement between 2-D echo and cineangiography results was poor. Mean differences (MD) were -21.8 (EDVI, ml/m(2)), -9.5 (ESVI, ml/m(2)), and -0.9 (EF, %), respectively for 2-D echo method of discs versus cineangiography, and -23.2, -9.3, and -5.7 for area-length 2-D echo versus cineangiography. For EF (%), MD was -3.6 for eyeball cineangiography versus cineangiography, -1.3 for eyeball 2-D echo versus method of discs, and +0.30 for eyeball 2-D echo versus area-length 2-D echo, respectively. Two-dimensional echo is likely to underestimate LV volumes compared to cineangiography, especially for largest volumes. Even for EF, discrepancies are large, with a lack of agreement of 21%-25% between conventional methods, but agreement is better between eyeball EF and usual methods. CONCLUSIONS: Even with modern echocardiographic devices, agreement between 2-D echo and cineangiography-derived LV volumes and EF remains moderate, and both methods must not be considered interchangeable in clinical practice.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[An investigation of radiation exposure on pediatric patients and doctors during cardiac catheterization and cineangiography].

Cardiac catheterization and cineangiography are invasive diagnostic radiological examinations which exposure the patient to a relatively high radiation dose, the largest radiation dose of any diagnostic examination. Sixty-one infants and children, aged 28 days to 15 years, were randomly selected into this study to assess such questions regarding cardiac catheterization in children as; (1) How much the pediatric patient's and doctor's radiation exposure is during a routine cardiac catheterization and cineangiography? (2) What difference are there in exposure to various areas of the body? (3) How much radiation exposure is related to cineangiography compared with fluoroscopy? (4) How much radiation exposure may be reduced by lead apron worn by doctors? Thermoluminescent dosimeters containing 80 mg of CaSO4: Dy were applied to the body for the measurement of radiation exposure during cardiac catheterization. In hemodynamic assessment of catheterization (mean time 6 +/- 5 min), dosimeters were placed on various areas of the patient's skin and unexposed dosimeters were attached to mid sternum and right lateral chest during cineangiography (mean time 11 +/- 5 sec). Average skin doses over the patients' organs during catheterization and cineangiography were: eye 51 mu Gy, thyroid 746 mu Gy, sternum 5,102 mu Gy, right lateral chest 10,098 mu Gy, umbilicus 123 mu Gy and gonad 24 mu Gy. The radiation exposure during cineangiography at sternum and right lateral chest contributed to 61% and 70% of total exposure.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Application of a new phased-array ultrasound imaging catheter in the assessment of vascular dimensions. In vivo comparison to cineangiography.

Tomographic imaging techniques such as ultrasound can provide important information in the evaluation of vascular anatomy. Recent technical advances have permitted fabrication of a small (1.83 mm), phased-array, intravascular ultrasonic imaging catheter capable of continuous real-time, cross-sectional imaging of blood vessels. We used this imaging catheter to compare intraluminal ultrasound with cineangiography in the measurement of vascular dimensions in animals and to assess the intraobserver and interobserver variability of the technique. Segmental deformation of vessel anatomy was produced by stenoses created with a tissue ligature or by balloon dilation. The mean value for measurements of vessel diameter was 5.6 mm by cineangiography and 5.7 mm by intravascular ultrasound. The correlation between cineangiography and ultrasound was close (r = 0.98). Mean cross-sectional area by angiography was 28.8 mm2 and 29.6 mm2 (r = 0.96) by ultrasound. Percent diameter reduction produced by the stenoses averaged 48.4% by cineangiography and 40.1% by ultrasound, and the two methods correlated closely (r = 0.89). Correlation between cineangiography and ultrasound for vessel diameter and area before balloon dilation was closer (r = 0.92 and 0.88) than after balloon dilation (r = 0.86 and 0.81). This difference reflected an increase in measured vessel eccentricity following balloon dilation. These data demonstrate that intravascular ultrasound is an accurate and reproducible method for measurement of vascular diameter and cross-sectional area in vivo. Intravascular ultrasound is capable of accurately identifying and quantifying segmental deformation of vascular dimensions produced by either stenoses or balloon dilation.

Angioplasty, Balloon↗
PubMed1983

Evaluation of left ventricular contractile pattern by intravenous digital subtraction ventriculography: comparison with cineangiography and assessment of interobserver variability.

The accuracy and reproducibility of measurements of left ventricular (LV) end-diastolic volume (EDV), end-systolic volume (ESV), ejection fraction (EF) and regional wall motion obtained by digital subtraction ventriculography (DSV) were compared with values of direct cineangiography in 40 patients, 21 of whom were ambulatory. DSV was performed with a 1-second, 30-ml contrast injection, which yielded real-time fluoroimages composed of 512 X 512 pixels at 30 frames/s. Single-plane right anterior oblique LV volumes were calculated by area-length methods for both DSV and cineangiography. Wall motion was assessed as percent area shortening for 12 equal myocardial segments, with results classified as abnormal if greater than 2 standard deviations below the mean of 20 normal values. DSV exhibited close correlation with angiography for EDV (r = 0.88), ESV (r = 0.92) and EF (r = 0.93). Intravenous DSV and direct cineangiography were concordant in classification of LV contractile pattern in 436 of 480 (91%) myocardial segments. Measurements of DSV obtained by 2 observers showed close correlations for EDV (r = 0.88), ESV (r = 0.95) and EF (r = 0.94), and wall motion classification was in agreement in 434 of 480 (90%) LV segments. Artifacts induced by respiratory motion, persistence of contrast in the right ventricle or left atrium, or low cardiac output may have contributed to the discrepancies observed. These data indicate that DSV is accurate in assessing LV volume and EF, correlates well with cineangiography and exhibits good interobserver reproducibility.

Analog-Digital Conversion↗
PubMed1995

Correspondence of left ventricular ejection fraction determinations from two-dimensional echocardiography, radionuclide angiography and contrast cineangiography.

OBJECTIVES: This study assessed the agreement of left ventricular ejection fraction determinations from two-dimensional echocardiography, radionuclide angiography and contrast cineangiography. BACKGROUND: Previously published reports suggest that two-dimensional echocardiography, radionuclide angiography and contrast cineangiography are equally acceptable methods of assessing left ventricular ejection fraction on the basis of high coefficients of correlation. However, correlation of methods does not necessarily imply agreement. METHODS: In a prospective analysis, 25 consecutive subjects all had two-dimensional echocardiography and radionuclide angiography performed within 10 days of each other in the cardiology department of metropolitan community hospital. A retrospective computer search (Medline) revealed seven studies, using the coefficient of correlation (r), comparing two-dimensional echocardiographic left ventricular ejection fraction (n = 268) with radionuclide angiographic (n = 174) or contrast cineangiographic (n = 119) left ventricular ejection fractions. RESULTS: The eight individual studies (n = 293) comparing two-dimensional echocardiography with either radionuclide angiography or contrast cineangiography exhibited coefficients of correlation ranging from 0.78 to 0.93. Agreement analysis using the method of Bland and Altman was performed by averaging the results obtained from the two techniques and determining how disparate any single ejection fraction was (with 95% confidence limits) from the mean value. Agreement ranged from 23% to 42% around the mean ejection fraction. The average lack of agreement between the two methods for all studies involved was 17%, with an average r value of 0.86. CONCLUSIONS: Left ventricular ejection fraction determinations by means of two-dimensional echocardiography, radionuclide angiography and contrast cineangiography exhibit high correlation and only moderate agreement. High correlation does not always imply high agreement. These results suggest that, when validated by agreement analysis, multiple studies may not be necessary in appropriate clinical situations, potentially reducing costs.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Comparative recognition of left ventricular thrombi by echocardiography and cineangiography.

Studies performed in 47 patients, 11 of whom underwent surgery for aneurysmectomy and 36 of whom underwent cardiac transplantation, were reviewed to assess the diagnostic accuracies of cross sectional echocardiography and cineangiography in detecting left ventricular mural thrombi and the effect of anticoagulation treatment on the incidence of such thrombi. Cross sectional echocardiography in 37 patients and cineangiography in 26 (16 patients were examined by both methods) were analysed independently by sets of two observers experienced in the respective methods. All four observers were blinded to the pathological or surgical findings regarding mural thrombus. Mural thrombus was confirmed by pathological investigation in 14 of 47 (30%) cases; 11 of these 14 patients had intra-aneurysmal thrombi. The negative predictive value was quite good for both methods, but cross sectional echocardiography had a superior positive predictive value. This was due both to detailed soft tissue resolution by cross sectional echocardiography and to overdetection of mural thrombi by cineangiography in cases of aneurysms without mural thrombi. Mural thrombi were present in three of 20 patients with preceding anticoagulation and in 10 of 19 patients without anticoagulation. The results emphasise that cross sectional echocardiography is more reliable than cineangiography in recognising thrombi.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Impact of early exercise radionuclide cineangiography on long-term prognosis after CABG.

BACKGROUND: The immediate benefits of coronary artery bypass grafting might be only transient. This prospective study examined the capability of exercise radionuclide cineangiography done shortly after coronary artery bypass grafting to predict outcome and long-term prognosis. METHODS: Results of exercise radionuclide cineangiography at 5.5 +/- 0.7 months (range, 4 to 8 months) postoperatively were correlated with mortality, major surgical and nonsurgical cardiac events, and cardiac event-free survival in 100 consecutive patients who underwent coronary artery bypass grafting. Stepwise logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate the incremental value of radionuclide cineangiography beyond the commonly used variables. RESULTS: Left ventricular ejection fraction at rest was normal (> or = 0.45) in 72 patients and increased on exercise in 58. The exercise radionuclide variables that correlated with future cardiac events were change and fractional change in heart rate, ST segment changes, anginal pain and congestive heart symptoms during exercise, rest ejection fraction, and change and fractional changes in ejection fraction. Predictors of event-free survival were exercise heart rate, rest ejection fraction, and change and fractional change in ejection fraction during exercise. Logistic regression analysis revealed that change in ejection fraction was an independent predictor of cardiac death and surgical interventions, whereas resting ejection fraction was a predictor of nonsurgical cardiac events. CONCLUSIONS: Postoperative exercise radionuclide cineangiography carried out soon after coronary artery bypass grafting had definite independent prognostic value and should be performed routinely to help decide treatment protocol.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Exercise Radionuclide Cineangiography for Predicting Long Term Prognosis in Elderly Post Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Patients.

ISSUE: The immediate benefits of coronary artery bypass grafting may only be transient. Recent studies which showed that exercise radionuclide cineangiography studies may predict cardiac events and survival had evaluated post coronary artery bypass grafting patients of all ages. This prospective study was done on an elderly subgroup. METHODS: The results of exercise radionuclide cineangiography performed early (4-8 months) post coronary artery bypass grafting were correlated over six years of follow up with mortality, major surgical and nonsurgical cardiac events, and cardiac event free survival in 87 consecutive patients at or above 65 years. RESULTS: The rest to peak exercise difference in left ventricular ejection fraction correlated with later cardiac death and the need for surgical interventions, while rest left ventricular ejection fraction correlated only with the latter parameter. CONCLUSIONS: Assessment of left ventricular ejection fraction at rest and at exercise has prognostic values after coronary artery bypass grafting in elderly patients. Exercise radionuclide cineangiography carried out soon after coronary artery bypass grafting might be considered an useful tool to assess patient prognosis. The efficacy of exercise radionuclide cineangiography carried out soon after coronary artery bypass grafting should be confirmed in larger and more varied patient subgroups. (c) 2000 by CVRR, Inc.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1987

Increased chromosome damage in pediatric heart catheterization patients after diagnostic fluoroscopy and cineangiography.

Chromosome damage (CD) and sister chromatid exchange (SCE) levels were studied in lymphocytes from 30 pediatric heart catheterization patients receiving radiation during diagnostic fluoroscopy and cineangiography procedures. Forty-eight-hour CD and 72-hr SCE cultures were prepared from sequential samples taken from each patient: samples 1-3 via the catheter the same day (1) before exposure, (2) after fluoroscopy, and (3) after cineangiography; and sample 4 by venipuncture the next morning. Significant increases in CD (dicentrics, rings, and fragments), but not SCE, were observed. From a mean base level of 0.4% cells with CD, the CD levels increased 2-3-fold in samples 3 and 4 (p = .001). Rings only occurred in samples 3 and 4. While increased CD levels also correlated with increasing age, body surface area, and weight, partial correlations controlling for these factors clearly indicate that the CD effects are principally attributable to the radiological procedures (p = .001). Increased CD levels correlated with both the roentgen dose of cineangiography exposure (p = .002) and the volume of contrast medium (p = .000); however, partial correlations, controlling for either factor, indicate that the contrast medium was the principal factor (p = .006).

Cardiac Catheterization↗
PubMed1981

Cineangiography in the diagnosis of aortic dissection.

To assess the ability of biplane cineangiography in the diagnostic evaluation of acute dissection of the aorta, 20 patients with acute dissection were studied within 24 hours of surgery or autopsy, or both. Biplane large film aortic angiography was performed in 11 patients (Group I) and biplane aortic cineangiography in 9 (Group II). The morphology of the aortic valve was defined precisely in 5 (50 percent) of 10 patients in Group I and in all 9 patients (100 percent) in Group II (p less than 0.02). Aortic regurgitation weas diagnosed in all patients in both groups in whom it was present (p = not significant). Intimal tears were localized in 5 (50 percent) of 10 patients in Group I and in 8 (89 percent) of 9 in Group II (p less than 0.07). Intimal flaps were not identified angiographically in three patients in Group I and were identified in four patients (100 percent) in Group II (p less than 0.01). The presence of retrograde dissection was established in three (38 percent) of eight patients in Group I and in four (100 percent) of four patients in Group II (p less than 0.05). There was no difference in the ability to identify a nonclotted false lumen between cine and large film angiography. It is concluded that in addition to improved diagnostic capabilities, technical advantages make cineangiography a good alternative to large film angiography in the diagnostic evaluation of patients with acute dissection of the aorta.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

A comparison of two methods to measure coronary flow reserve in the setting of coronary angioplasty: intracoronary blood flow velocity measurements with a Doppler catheter, and digital subtraction cineangiography.

Intracoronary blood flow velocity measurements with a Doppler balloon catheter and the radiographic assessment of myocardial perfusion with contrast media, before and after the intracoronary administration of papaverine, have previously been used to investigate regional coronary flow reserve. In the present study we applied both techniques in 21 patients to measure coronary flow reserve in the setting of coronary angioplasty. Pre-angioplasty (N = 14) and post-angioplasty (N = 19) measurements of coronary flow reserve were obtained by digital subtraction cineangiography in the myocardial region supplied by the dilated coronary artery, and with the Doppler probe in the proximal part of the dilated vessel. The reactive hyperaemia following the final balloon inflation was recorded with the Doppler balloon catheter still positioned across the stenotic lesion. Coronary stenosis geometry was quantified with the Cardiovascular Angiography Analysis System. When the epicardial stenosis was the only factor causing a reduction in coronary flow reserve, flow reserve measured with both digital subtraction cineangiography and with the Doppler probe correlated well with the cross-sectional area at the site of obstruction, r = 0.88, SEE = 0.36 and r = 0.77, SEE = 0.45 respectively. In contrast, when other factors decreasing coronary flow reserve were present (intimal dissection, left ventricular hypertrophy, previous myocardial infarction, collaterals) measurements obtained with both techniques correlated poorly with cross-sectional area (r = 0.55, SEE = 0.57, and r = 0.59, SEE = 0.50). Flow reserve measurements obtained with digital subtraction cineangiography correlated well with the measurements obtained with the Doppler probe (r = 0.85, SEE = 0.38, and r = 0.87, SEE = 0.34), although the two approaches have methodologically nothing in common and their respective regions of interest (myocardium for the radiographic technique and intracoronary lumen for the Doppler technique) are basically different. Furthermore, the reactive hyperaemia following the final balloon inflation was related to the flow reserve measured with both the angiographic technique (r = 0.85, SEE = 0.34) and the Doppler technique (r = 0.83, SEE = 0.32) using pharmacologically induced coronary vasodilation with intracoronary papaverine. This suggests that the same quantity of coronary flow reserve that can be recruited pharmacologically can be recruited by ischaemia following a transluminal occlusion.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Angiography of pulmonary emboli: digital studies and balloon-occlusion cineangiography.

The value of digital pulmonary arteriography and balloon-occlusion cineangiography was investigated in 118 selected patients. In one series of 40 patients, digital pulmonary arteriography correctly identified pulmonary emboli in 20 (75%) of 26 positive examinations when interpretation was confined to the first three divisions of the pulmonary artery. In a second series of 78 patients with peripheral radionuclide perfusion scan defects, 40 of whom had pulmonary emboli, adjunctive balloon-occlusion cineangiography demonstrated emboli in four patients not seen on standard selective catheter pulmonary magnification studies with cut films. These two procedures (i.e., digital pulmonary arteriography and balloon-occlusion cineangiography) are important adjuncts to radionuclide perfusion scans and selective catheter pulmonary arteriography in the evaluation of patients with pulmonary emboli.

Angiography↗
PubMed1988

[Left ventricular wall thickness in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: comparisons of measurements by magnetic resonance imaging, cineangiography, and echocardiography].

To evaluate the usefulness of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in measuring regional wall thickness of the left ventricle, 11 patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) were imaged. The measurements were compared with those obtained by two-dimensional echocardiography (2D-echo) and cineangiography. Regional wall thickness was ascertained at six locations including the base, middle, and apex of the interventricular septum (IVS) and left ventricular posterior wall (LVPW) from the two selected transverse sections. All of these six locations were also measured for the IVS by biventriculography and for the LVPW by left ventriculography with the left anterior oblique view. Only the base was measured for both the IVS and LVPW using 2D-echo because of the difficulty in obtaining good images for the middle and apex of the left ventricle. The measurements by MRI correlated well with those obtained by 2D-echo and cineangiography in the majority of locations. At the base, where the wall thickness was measured by the three methods, the measurements of the IVS correlated well each other (r = 0.63 to 0.81). However, a good correlation was obtained only between 2D-echo and MRI for the LVPW r = 0.75. The correlation between MRI and cineangiography was generally good for the IVS at any levels (r = 0.76 to 0.87), but not for the LVPW. This was partially due to the narrow range of data for the LVPW as well as to the difficulty in determining the epicardial border in left ventriculograms. In conclusion, regional wall thickness can be correctly measured by MRI in any locations of the left ventricle even at the apex, where measurement is difficult by other methods.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

First-pass radionuclide cineangiography in diagnosis of coronary artery disease in patients older than 75 years: evaluation of sensitivity.

The sensitivity of first-pass radionuclide cineangiography in the detection of coronary artery disease was evaluated in 60 patients subdivided equally according to age younger than or older than 75 years. The mean age of group 1 (age > or = 75 years) was 80.2 years +/- 5.3, and the mean age in group 2 (age < 75 years) was 62.0 years +/- 6.4. Disease prevalence in group 1 was 87% versus 80% in group 2. Group 1 had higher prevalence of hypertension (67% vs 33%) and lower prevalence of typical angina pectoris (23% vs 55%). Overall sensitivity of first-pass radionuclide cineangiography in group 1 was 93% versus 97% in group 2. Older patients had significantly lower maximal heart rates, workloads, and exercise durations, and age correlations were significant for exercise heart rate, workload, and exercise duration. Failure to achieve an adequate exercise endpoint had significant effect on testing sensitivity only in the younger subjects (98% vs 60%), indicating that sensitivity of first-pass radionuclide cineangiography is age independent.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1981

Two-dimensional echocardiographic assessment of left ventricular stroke volume: experimental correlation with thermodilution and cineangiography in normal and ischemic states.

Left ventricular stroke volumes derived by two-dimensional echocardiography (2D echo) were compared with thermodilution and cineangiography measurements in closed-chest dogs before andone hour after proximal LAD occlusion. Stroke volume was calculated from end-diastolic and end-systolic volumes reconstructed by two models: 1) Simpson's rule employing left ventricular length and five short-axis cross-sectional areas; 2) a simplified volume formula (V = 5/6 area . length), utilizing a single short-axis area at either the mitral valve or midpapillary muscle level. The comprehensive Simpson reconstruction yielded a good correlation of 2D echo stroke volume against thermodilution (r = 0.89) over a range of normal (N = 14) and ischemic (N = 8) states. The simplified formula provided a satisfactory correlation (r = .90, N = 22) when using the midpapillary cross-section, which encompassed the induced ischemic dys-synergy. In contrast, when using the mitral valve level cross-section above the site of ventricular asymmetry, there was no significant statistical correlation. Comparison of cineangiography with 2D echo volume reconstruction based on the simplified formula with the midpapillary muscle level section yielded good correlations for stroke volume (r = 0.87) and ejection fraction (r = 0.97). Intraobserver and interobserver variability of duplicate echo stroke volume measurements was 8% and 10%, respectively. We conclude that 2D echocardiography in dogs permits quantitation of left ventricular stroke volume in normal and ischemic states.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Oblique cine MRI for the evaluation of aortic regurgitation: comparison with cineangiography.

The results of oblique cine magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) through a long axis slice of the left ventricle in 40 patients was compared with cineangiography in order to determine the usefulness of cine MR imaging for the evaluation of aortic regurgitation (AR). A diastolic dark low-intensity flow signal extending from the aortic valve into the left ventricle was seen in all 30 patients with AR, and in none of the 10 patients without AR. The length and area of the low-intensity signal due to the regurgitant flow were planimetered, and the ratio to the length and area of the left ventricle was calculated. The best correlation with angiography was with the ratio of the area of the low-intensity signal (ALIS) to the area of the left ventricle (ALV); it correctly classified the degree of regurgitation in 28 of the 30 patients (93.3%). The ALIS/ALV ratio was under 25% in all 11 patients with angiographic mild AR, 26-50% in 10 of the 11 patients with moderate AR, and over 51% in 7 of the 8 patients with severe AR. Thus the results point to a high degree of correlation between long axis oblique cine MRI and cineangiography in the identification of AR and in providing a semiquantitative estimation of its severity.

Adolescent↗