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Results for “Chronic kidney failure”

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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2001

[Course of heart failure in patients with terminal chronic kidney failure on chronic hemodialysis].

AIM: To evaluate peculiarities of the course of cardiac failure (CF) in initiation of hemodialysis therapy (HT) in patients with terminal chronic renal failure (CRF) and 24 months after HT; to elucidate CF causes late in HT. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Cardiohemodynamics was studied in 152 patients with terminal CRF during 2 years of HT. RESULTS: At initiation of HT, cardiohemodynamics was characterized by hyperkinetic syndrome, high total peripheral resistance, weak left ventricular systolic function, diastolic dysfunction. Chronic HT for 2 years led to attenuation of hyperkinetic syndrome, improvement of left ventricular systolic function, highly increased bypass blood flow along the arteriovenous fistula. The correction of the blood flow along the arteriovenous fistula arrested manifestations of CF in all the patients. CONCLUSION: Drugs with positive inotropic action are contraindicated in patients with terminal CRF on chronic hemodialysis having CF. Regular measurements of blood flow along the arteriovenous fistula are recommended for early detection and correction of increased bypass blood flow.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2005

Replicative senescence in patients with chronic kidney failure.

BACKGROUND: Chronic activation of immunocompetent cells may lead to stress-induced premature senescence (SIPS); these senescent cells are characterized by a decrease in telomere length. The present study evaluates SIPS in circulating immunocompetent cells from predialysis patients, patients on hemodialysis, and in renal transplant patients with normal renal function. METHODS: Determination of telomere length by flow-fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), expression of surface molecules, and evaluation of apoptosis was performed by flow cytometry. RESULTS: In uremic predialysis patients, we observed a subpopulation of lymphocytes with short telomeres. However, in this population of patients we did not observe SIPS mononuclear cells. In hemodialysis patients, we found a subpopulation of SIPS mononuclear cells that also showed phenotypic changes of proinflammatory activity. Finally, transplant patients with normal renal function also exhibited a subpopulation of SIPS lymphocytes, which can be attributed to chronic lymphocyte activation induced by the major histocompatibility complex. CONCLUSION: In chronic kidney disease patients, immunocompetent cells undergo SIPS, a process associated with chronic cell activation and induced by numerous stimuli including uremia, hemodialysis membranes, and bacterial products. Because SIPS immunocompetent cells are activated cells with proinflammatory features and live longer in peripheral blood, it is likely that SIPS cells contribute significantly to the chronic inflammatory state of patients with advanced renal failure.

Apoptosis↗
PubMed1976

[Behavior of gastrin and gastric juice secretion in acute and chronic kidney failure before and after kidney transplantation].

In 50 patients (10 anephric, 10 with chronic renal failure, and 30 with acute renal failure) the correlation was studied between basal PG levels and basal and stimulated gastric acid secretion. a) The mean PG level in all 3 groups was significantly higher than in the control group, with the highest values in the anephric, which decreased to normal after kidney transplantation. b) In the patients with ARF and after transplantation there was a very positive correlation between PG levels and kidney function. c) Hemodialysis decreased PG levels moderately but significantly. d) Gastric acid studies showed in all groups a very low BAO and basal intragastric pH, with a significant release of gastric acid after pentagastrin stimulation, especially in the anephric.

Acute Kidney Injury↗
PubMed1993

Gastric intramucosal acidosis in patients with chronic kidney failure.

BACKGROUND: Patients with chronic kidney failure have an increased incidence of gastrointestinal complications, particularly bleeding from the stomach. Diminished mucosal blood flow is thought to be an important etiologic factor for such bleeding. METHODS: Eleven patients with kidney failure on maintenance dialysis underwent placement of a gastric tonometer for the determination of gastric intramucosal pH (pHi) before and during dialysis. The arterial pH (pHa), calculated pHi, and pHa-pHi differences were compared with the results in a control group of seven normal volunteers. RESULTS: The patients with chronic kidney failure had a mean (+/- SD) pHa (7.36 +/- 0.04) similar to that found in seven control subjects (7.37 +/- 0.04). However, the gastric mucosal pH in the patients on dialysis (7.20 +/- 0.17) was lower than in the seven control subjects (7.38 +/- 0.06) (p < 0.01). A gastric mucosal pH thought to be predictive of either bleeding from stress ulceration (pHi < 7.32) or mucosal ischemia (pHi-pHa difference > 0.13) was found in nine (82%) of the patients with kidney failure and in only one (14%) of the control subjects (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: This new preliminary finding suggests that the high incidence of gastric bleeding in chronic kidney failure may be related to mucosal ischemia.

Acidosis↗
PubMed1991

[Vitamin B12 and folic acid in chronic kidney failure and after kidney transplantation].

Vitamin B12 in plasma, folic acid in plasma and erythrocytes were examined in 11 patients in the polyuric stage of chronic renal failure without dialyzation treatment, in 38 patients included in a long-term dialyzation programme before and after 3 months' oral administration of folic acid--(2 X 5 mg week)--and in 23 patients after transplantation of the kidneys. In none of the examined groups vitamin B12) and folic acid deficiency in plasma was detected. A reduced folic acid level in erythrocytes, but still in the reference range, was found in patients in the long-term dialyzation programme without supplementation. Supplementation with folic acid increased its concentration in plasma 4.5 times and in red cells 5.5 times. Haemodialysis did not influence the concentration of the examined indicators in plasma and red cells. According to the recorded results it is not necessary to supplement patients in long-term dialyzation programme and after renal transplantation with vitamin B12 and folic acid, if their dietary protein intake is not restricted.

Female↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Chronic kidney failure: dialysis and kidney transplantation. The medicolegal and social considerations].

The authors carried out a research on the social and labour problems of the people affected by chronic renal failure, either on dialysis treatment or already transplanted since two years. It has been given a questionnaire based on questions about the person, the working position, the social insurance situation, the family and personal problems. The results show a good social reinsert and a good recover of the transplanted in opposition of the many problems had by those on dialysis; in particular it has been considered also the problem of the periodic absences from work. It has been also considered the italian law situation regarding the people affected by chronic renal failure in some different social insurance fields.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

[Urinary oxalic acid excretion in chronic kidney failure and after kidney transplantation].

Urinary oxalic acid excretion was examined in 61 patients with chronic nephropathies and in 21 patients after renal transplantation with a varying mean glomerular filtration. In both groups of patients a correlation was found between the plasma oxalic acid and serum creatinine and by a hyperbolic correlation between plasma oxalic acid and creatinine clearance. Moreover the authors found a direct correlation between oxalic acid and FEoxalic acid and FE(Na)+, FEH20 and FE1-ascorbic acid in both patient groups. Various chronic nephropathies and treatment in both groups did not affect the revealed correlations. In 13 healthy subjects during the period of maximum water diuresis urinary Na+ excretion did not increase but there was a significant increase of the l-ascorbic acid and oxalic acid excretion. In a group of 8 patients in the polyuric stage of chronic renal failure without dialysis treatment under conditions of increased dietary NaCl intake (15 g/24 h) a significant increase of the urinary Na+ excretion was recorded while the l-ascorbic acid and oxalic acid excretion was unaltered. From the assembled values of the examined biochemical indicators ensues that urinary oxalic acid excretion, similarly as ascorbic acid excretion, depended on water excretion.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

[Psychiatric aspect of patient rehabilitation in the late stages of chronic kidney failure using surgical treatment methods (hemodialysis and kidney transplant)].

A complex examination of 270 patients with chronic renal insufficiency at late stages treated by hemodialysis was carried out. In 70 of them the operation of kidney transplantation had been performed. As a result of the examination data on objective possibilities of social and occupation re-adaptation of such patients were obtained. Factors leading to dysadaptation were revealed. A particular attention was paid to the dynamics of the diseases insight, the character of the pathomorphological changes in the brain, the peculiarities of organopsychic disorders and disorders of the cognitive activity.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed2005

[Effect of vitamin D on remaining kidney function after chronic kidney failure in preservation period patient].

It is necessary to manage the secondary hyperparathyroidism at the early stage. We concern about vitamin D, one of the treatment for secondary hyperparathyroidism has some adverse effects on the kidney function. We administered oral vitamin D (alfa calcidol 0.25 microg/day) of 21 outpatients who have chronic renal failure of preservation period and observed clinical laboratory test result of serum creatinine, adjusted calcium, intact phosphate. Renal function is evaluated by the value of the decline of serum creatinine reciprocal. A small dosage of oral vitamin D may not effect on kidney function, but we should examine this though studying more cases.

Biomarkers↗
PubMed1991

[The critical value of residual kidney function in patients with chronic kidney failure from the viewpoint of the concentration of urea and potassium in the plasma].

Residual kidney function was examined in 10 patients with chronic renal insufficiency under balance conditions and in 30 outpatients on the basis of urea clearance (Curea) and potassium clearance (CK). Protein intake was 35-40 g/day (0.5 g/kg/day) and potassium intake was 30-40 mmol/day. Under these conditions the critical values of residual kidney function were as follows: 1) plasma urea concentration (Purea) did not exceed 30 mmol/l if Curea did not drop below 3.8 ml/min; 2) plasma potassium concentration (PK) did not exceed 5 mmol/l if CK did not decrease below 4.1 ml/min. Clinical examination of Curea and CK provides additional information to the examination of creatinine clearance (Ccr) or its plasma concentration (Pcr). Our results suggest that the critical value of residual kidney function cannot be defined only on the basis of examination of Ccr or Pcr. Examination of Curea and CK can help in the interpretation of very high Purea and hyperkalemia in patients with chronic renal insufficiency.

Ambulatory Care↗
PubMed1982

[Microbial flora in wounds and their sensitivity to antibiotics in chronic kidney failure patients before and after kidney transplant].

In vitro bacteriological investigation of various pathological materials revealed the main etiological profile of purulent complications in patients with chronic renal insufficiency before and after allotransplantation of the kidney. A statistically significant magnitude of the frequency of detecting identified pathogens in patients wit renal insufficiency is presented. Phage typing of pathogenic staphylococci isolated from patients with chronic renal insufficiency and from patients after kidney allotransplantation revealed no correlation in belonging of the isolates to a definite phage group in such patients. The effect of semi-synthetic penicillins on gram-positive and gram-negative organisms is estimated. The efficacy of the antibiotic effect on various species of pathogenic micro-organisms isolated from patients with renal affections is shown on the basis of a number of criteria, such as the ranges of the microbial sensitivity, the antibiotic MIC with respect to the majority of the strains, the character of the drug effect.

Bacteriophage Typing↗
PubMed1981

[Therapeutic embolization of the renal arteries in chronic kidney failure before and after kidney transplant].

Results of the functional "cut off" of the kidneys in 9 patients with the terminal stage of chronic renal insufficiency for refractory hypertony are reported. Besides, this procedure was fulfilled in 2 patients in different terms after renal transplantation. Total embolization of the renal arteries is believed by the authors to result in normal or reduced arterial pressure in 85% of cases. No hypotensive effect was noted in incomplete "cut off" of the renal vessels.

Adolescent↗