[WHO laboratory manual for the examination of human seminal fluid and the interaction between seminal fluid and cervix mucus].
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The authors investigated 10 free amino acids, LDH, pyruvic acid and the levels of glucose in mucus of the cervix of patients in cases of gradually malignisation. We could show that the levels of all free amino acids are lower in cases of invasive carcinomas than in cases with dysplasias. LDH and pyruvic acid had an higher level in cases invasive carcinomas. We found no differences in cases of dysplasias and normal patients cervical mucus.
We studied the diffusion of roxithromycin in the cervix mucus of fifteen healthy normal women, aged 24 to 44 (median 37). They were consulting physician to have an IUD. After this intervention (between the 4 to 7 days of menstrual cycle) they received an antibiotic treatment with the standard dose of roxithromycin: 150 mg bd for a week. At the end of this treatment the cervix mucus was taken 1 to 12 hours after the last antibiotic dose. We dose the roxithromycin by a microbial assay (Bacillus subtilis ATCC 6633, antibiotic medium 1, pH 8) and the acid alpha-1-glycoprotein by an immunodiffusion assay. All women had drug measurable with levels from 0.45 to 2.07 mg/l (median: 0.80 mg/l). The acid alpha-1-glycoprotein levels were quite constant (median: 0.19 mg/l). The antibiotic concentrations observed are above the MIC of the major genital pathogens, mainly C. trachomatis, G. vaginalis, H. ducreyi and U. urealyticum, but lower than the MIC ov N. gonorrhoeae and M. hominis.
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Linear mucus penetration of spermatozoa from 75 arbitrary selected men was evaluated using a non-commercial bovine cervix mucus preparation in the same way as Penetrak, but using round glass capillary tubes instead of flat plastic tubes. The mean penetration value was 28.7 +/- 7.10 mm in 90 min and the mean sperm density 36.0 +/- 22.79 x 10(6) ml. Mucus penetration was more correlated to sperm density (r = 0.6) than to any other semen parameter. Consequently it seems to be necessary to evaluate a sliding discrimination index for adequate penetration rate depending on sperm density (regression line and confidence interval). Numerical methods for comparison of penetration rates are suggested.
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OBJECTIVE: To determine whether clomiphene (citrate) has a negative influence on cervical mucus qualities and whether administration of exogenous oestrogens has a favourable influence in that case. DESIGN: Meta-analysis. SETTING: Stichting Gezondheidszorg Oostelijk Zuid-Limburg, Midwifery School, Kerkrade, the Netherlands. METHOD: Relevant articles were searched using the Medline database for the years 1980-1996 and the Knowledge Finder search system. The reference lists of these articles were studied. All prospective, randomized and controlled clinical trials mentioning detailed figures were selected and analysed. RESULTS: Six articles met all criteria for analysis of the effect of clomiphene on cervical mucus. Clomiphene 50 mg/day had an unfavourable influence on cervical mucus (not significant), but clomiphene 100 and clomiphene 150 mg/day did have a significant effect, the relative risk of unfavourable cervical mucus being more than seven in comparison with women not using clomiphene (respective odds ratios 7.90 (95% confidence interval: 4.15-15.00) and 7.50 (1.97-28.60)). Four articles met all criteria for analysis of the effect of exogenous oestrogens on cervical mucus of women being treated with clomiphene. Exogenous oestrogens resulted in improvement of the cervical mucus qualities in these women (odds ratio: 2.87 (1.76-4.69)). CONCLUSION: The influence of clomiphene 50 mg/day on cervical mucus is not significantly unfavourable, unlike the influence of clomiphene 100 and 150 mg/day. Exogenous oestrogen administration improves this cervical mucus. In all patients being treated with clomiphene the cervical mucus qualities should be investigated.
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