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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2004

[Estimation of the number of institutionalized elderly in Chile].

BACKGROUND: Elderly people (>60 years) in Chile represented 11.4% (n=1,717,478) of the total population in 2002. The group with disabilities or mental problems is increasing and there is no reliable information about the number of institutionalized elderly subjects. AIM: To estimate the number of elderly people living in residences for long term care and their main characteristics. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Chilean Census does not provide exact information about institutional care, therefore we developed a "proxy" indicator of the percentage of institutionalized elderly (those living in "collective residences with more than 5 elderly persons and in which they represent more than 25% of the residents". This proxy has a R2=0.9859 with the true value of institutionalized persons for those Latin-American countries with exact value in census data at CELADE. RESULTS: Using the proxy we found that institutionalized elderly population had increased from 14,114 (1992) to 26,854 (2002) and is projected to reach 83,500 (2025). In 2002, there were 1,668 institutions (37.4% informal care). In the Metropolitan Area, there were 804 institutions (14,178 elderly persons) and 40.3% of these were registered at the Ministry of Health. The proportion of institutionalized elderly subjects was 1.56% of the total elderly population; this proportion increased from 0.87% in subjects 60-74 years old to 2.5% among subjects aged 75-84 years and 6.1% in subjects 85 years old and over. Among subjects living in institutions, 60.9 were women, 21% were married, 35% were single, approximately 50% receive a pension and around 15% were handicapped. CONCLUSIONS: Institutional care affects a small percentage of elderly population, but it will increase in the near future. The main characteristics of institutionalized elderly subjects are not well known. We propose to create a formal Registry of these institutions and to include Nursing Homes and hospitals in type of housing of future Censuses.

Age Distribution↗
PubMed2001

[Situation of HIV/AIDS in Latin America at the end of XX century. Analysis of differences between countries].

The aim of this article is to analyze the current situation of AIDS in Latin American countries. Specifically, to compare their situation with other geographic areas of the planet, the prevalence index per countries, distribution per sex and age and, finally, the main ways of transmission in each country. The most recent data published by OMS and demographic data obtained from the Latin American and Caribbean Demographic Center (CELADE) was used. This analysis reflects that in Latin America it is impossible to talk about AIDS in a homogeneous way since the differences between countries are remarkable.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1997

[Epidemiological transition in Latin America: a comparison of four countries].

BACKGROUND: In the last decade, Latin America has experienced important transformations in its health conditions, due to demographic changes and a rapid urbanization process. AIM: To analyze socioeconomic, demographic and epidemiological changes in Chile, Guatemala, Mexico and Uruguay and relate them to the different stages in the demographic and epidemiological transition of these countries. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Data was obtained from official information of local and international organizations such as Pan-American Health Organization, United Nations, Latin American Center for Demography (CELADE) and World Bank. RESULTS: Guatemala is in a pre-transition stage with a high proportion of communicable diseases as causes of death (61%) as compared with Mexico (22%), Chile (13%) and Uruguay (7%). Mexico is in a prolonged transition situation and Chile is close to Uruguay in a post-transitional stage. Despite decreasing rates of mortality, the proportion of deaths represented by chronic diseases and injuries has increased to over 30% in all countries, except Uruguay. Adjusted mortality rates for cardiovascular diseases are lower in Latin American countries, as compared to Canada. However, excepting Guatemala, there are differences in the pattern of cardiovascular disease, with a higher mortality due to cerebrovascular and a lower mortality due to coronary artery diseases. CONCLUSIONS: An increment in non communicable diseases is expected for the next decades in Latin America. Analysis of demographic and epidemiological transition is crucial to define health policies and to adequate health systems to the new situations.

Chile↗
PubMed2006

[Infectious diarrhea study in Castellón, Spain (EDICS): population incidence of sporadic cases in 2004 and comparison with the year 2000].

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Infectious intestinal diseases are highly prevalent, and among them sporadic cases are the most common processes. The aim of this study was to estimate the incidence of sporadic cases diagnosed in a healthcare district of Castellón (Spain) in the year 2004, and to compare them with those of the year 2000. MATERIAL AND METHOD: Based on routine coprocultures and individual demographic data of each patient, we calculated the population rates by age for the more frequent microorganisms, especially detailed for children up to 5 years of age. We report the results of the year 2004, and compare these with the previous study of the year 2000. RESULTS: Campylobacter showed the highest rate (1.01 x 103), followed by Salmonella (0.75), each without significant differences regarding the year 2000. The rate of rotavirus cases (0.65) was smaller than in 2000; and for adenovirus 2004 was an atypical seasonal year. In children younger than 3 years, rates were 26.54; 10.23 and 11.75. As in the previous study, the age-distribution in children < 5 years was very particular. An U inverted shape was seen for Campylobacer, and the rates for rotavirus decreased after the peak observed in the youngest group (< 6 months). Among hospitalized patients rotavirus was the most common and Campylobacter the less common. CONCLUSIONS: The epidemiological traits of the rates by age until the age of five are characteristic for each microorganism, as are the proportions of hospitalization. Rates of Campylobacter and Salmonella in the year 2004 were similar to the year 2000, but a decrease in the rotavirus rates was observed.

Adolescent↗