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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1986

A randomized comparison of glycerol-impregnated chromic catgut with untreated chromic catgut for the repair of perineal trauma.

Glycerol-impregnated chromic catgut and untreated chromic catgut were compared in a randomized controlled trial involving 737 consecutive women who required repair of perineal trauma following spontaneous vaginal delivery. Medical staff preference was equally divided between the two materials. More untreated chromic catgut sutures required removal both by 10 days and by 3 months postpartum. Women whose perineal trauma was repaired with glycerol-impregnated chromic catgut were 10% more likely to have perineal pain at 10 days and 33% more likely to suffer from dyspareunia in the 3 months following delivery. The high rates of maternal morbidity associated with glycerol-impregnated chromic catgut appear to preclude its use for perineal repair.

Catgut↗
PubMed1984

In vivo evaluation of a new polyurethane-coated catgut suture.

Plain catgut sutures were coated with different polyester-based polyurethanes. The sutures were implanted subcutaneously in rats and tested for tensile strength loss and tissue reactions. A polyurethane coating based on an oxalic acid polyester was hydrolysed too fast to protect the catgut against proteolysis. However, a 2-0 plain catgut having a 50 micron polyurethane coating based on glutaric acid polyester maintained its original tensile strength for 8 days. The tensile strength then decreased as for plain catgut. Histological examination of the surrounding tissues showed that the strong inflammatory reaction observed in the first three days with non-coated catguts is decreased, but occurs again later, although to a lesser extent.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Comparison of Maxon suture with Vicryl, chromic catgut, and PDS sutures in fascial closure in rats.

Two hundred ten rats were randomized into one of five study groups to compare standard absorbable sutures with a new synthetic absorbable suture. We evaluated Maxon (polyglyconate), Vicryl (polyglactin), chromic catgut (catgut), and PDS (polydioxanone) with respect to tissue inflammatory reaction, knot security, suture tensile strength, and suture absorption. The results indicate that Maxon and PDS elicited a lower degree of chronic inflammation when compared with Vicryl and chromic catgut. The tensile strengths of Maxon and Vicryl significantly exceeded those of PDS and chromic catgut during the critical period of wound healing. Maxon and PDS retained a larger percentage of tensile strength during the long postoperative period, whereas Vicryl and chromic catgut were mostly absorbed. Maxon is an excellent addition to the armamentarium of the gynecologic surgeon.

Absorption↗
PubMed1996

Comparison of the degree of abdominal adhesion formation associated with chromic catgut and polypropylene suture materials.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the histologic pattern and biomechanical properties of adhesions caused by chromic catgut and polypropylene sutures, using an enteropexy model. DESIGN: Enteropexies were created in dogs, using chromic catgut and polypropylene suture. The adhesions associated with the enteropexies were examined histologically and mechanically. ANIMALS: 6 mixed-breed dogs weighing 16 to 20 kg. PROCEDURE: 72 enteropexies were created between the jejunum and abdominal wall. 36 sites were sutured with chromic catgut and 36 were sutured with polypropylene. 3 dogs were euthanatized after 1 week. The remaining dogs were euthanatized after 1 month. Samples of the enteropexy sites were obtained for histologic examination. The remaining sites were mechanically distracted until failure of the enteropexy site or adjacent tissue occurred. RESULTS: Histologic examination of the enteropexy sites did not reveal substantial differences in the degree of inflammation between the 2 suture types at 1 week or 1 month. The degree of inflammation decreased and the maturity of fibrous tissue formed at the enteropexy sites increased for all specimens over time. No statistically significant difference in breaking strength was observed between suture types at 1 week or 1 month. CONCLUSION: In dogs, the formation and strength of intentionally created abdominal adhesions are not increased by use of chromic catgut. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Selection of chromic catgut suture for use in surgical procedures where adhesions are desired is unwarranted.

Abdomen↗
PubMed1987

In vitro comparison of the properties of polydioxanone, polyglycolic acid and catgut sutures in sterile and infected urine.

The effect of immersion in sterile urine, infected urine and plasma on the breaking strength and stiffness of polydioxanone (PDS), polyglycolic acid (PGA) and chromic catgut was studied. Tests were done under closely controlled conditions with immersion periods varying from zero to ten days. The breaking strength and stiffness of the three suture materials was not significantly changed by immersion in plasma for periods up to ten days. In sterile urine, PDS lost all of its strength after three days of immersion while PGA lost 64% of its initial breaking strength after ten days. Catgut maintained its strength over the ten day study period. In E. coli-infected urine, PDS lost all of its strength in six days while PGA lost 71% and catgut 8% after ten days. In proteus-infected urine, PDS and PGA lost all their breaking strength after one day of immersion while catgut lost 5.8% of its initial strength after 10 days. Corresponding decreases in stiffness were also observed.

Bacteriuria↗
PubMed1998

The Ipswich Childbirth Study: 2. A randomised comparison of polyglactin 910 with chromic catgut for postpartum perineal repair.

OBJECTIVE: To compare polyglactin 910 sutures with chromic catgut sutures for postpartum perineal repair. DESIGN: A stratified randomised controlled trial, using a 2 x 2 factorial design. SETTING: The maternity unit at Ipswich Hospital NHS Trust, a district general hospital, between 1992 and 1994. SAMPLE: 1780 women who had sustained an episiotomy or first or second degree tear following a spontaneous or simple instrumental delivery. METHODS: Policies of repair with polyglactin 910 or chromic catgut were compared. Both groups were assessed by a research midwife completing questionnaires at 24 to 48 hours and at ten days postpartum, and by self-completed questionnaires at three months after birth. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: 1. 24 to 48 hours postpartum: perineal pain, healing; 2. ten days postpartum: perineal pain, healing and removal of sutures; 3. three months postpartum: perineal pain, removal of sutures, resuturing, dyspareunia, and failure to resume pain-free intercourse. RESULTS: Completed questionnaires were returned for 99% of women at both 24 to 48 hours and ten days and by 93% of women three months postpartum. The two groups were similar at trial entry. Significantly fewer women allocated to the polyglactin 910 reported pain in the previous 24 hours at both 24 to 48 hours (59% vs 67%; RR 0.89, 95% CI 0.83-0.95; 2P < 0.01), and ten days (24% vs 29%; RR 0.81, 95% CI 0.69-0.95; 2P = 0.01). At three months postpartum there was no clear difference between the groups in terms of perineal pain, dyspareunia or failure to resume pain-free intercourse. More women in the polyglactin 910 group reported that some suture material had been removed (12% vs 7%; RR 1.62, 95% CI 1.19-2.21; 2P < 0.01). Three women in the polyglactin 910 group had required resuturing compared with ten in the chromic catgut group (RR 0.30; 95% CI 0.08-1.09; 2P = 0.1). CONCLUSIONS: Using polyglactin 910 rather than chromic catgut for perineal repair leads to about one fewer women among every 20 having perineal pain and using analgesia ten days postpartum. Its only apparent disadvantage is that more women, again estimated as 1 in 20, report having material removed during healing. Data from this and other trials suggest that for every 100 women repaired with a polyglycolic acid-based material, about one fewer will require resuturing.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

[Experimental comparison of Maxon and chromic catgut in suturing of the urinary bladder].

The new monofile absorbable suture material Maxon was compared with Chromic catgut in bladder suturing in rabbits. Comparisons were made after 1, 2, 4, 8 and 12 weeks. The rate of stone formation was mainly determined by the suture technique used and not so much by the suture material. This was demonstrated by the low number of stones formed after using extramucosal suturing technique. Once a suture, be it Maxon or Chromic catgut, comes in contact with urine, concrements may form and the new monofile properties of Maxon do not offer any advantages here. On the other hand, Maxon does not enhance stone formation either. E. coli or Proteus infections did not influence formation of stones. The histological examinations showed Maxon to cause fewer inflammatory reactions. Sutures with Chromic catgut caused inflammation of the bladder wall, subsiding after 4 weeks. An existing urinary infection did not appear to influence the inflammatory process. Maxon offers an advantage over Chromic catgut in extramucosal sutures causing fewer inflammatory reactions.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

[Studies concerning the usefulness of catgut, PGA and polyester for abdominal fascia closure (author's transl)].

The abdominal fascia incisions of 133 rabbits were closed either with plain gut, chromic gut, PGA or polyester threads. The breaking strength of the wounds were determined tensiometrically at different time intervals and the tissue was examined histologically. For a three-week period the strength of the abdominal wall depends significantly on the intactness of the threads. PGA produces minimal inflammatory reactions, but loses its strength after a fortnight. Since longitudinal incisions are endangered by severe muscle pull, this material cannot be recommended because of the possibility of wound disruption and the formation of hernias. The loss of strength of catgut plain and catgut chromic starts later. Catgut causes inflammatory reactions within the wound area leading to loss of strength of the sutured tissue. Thus incisions of the abdominal fascia should not be closed with catgut. The non-resorbable suture material polyester shows satisfactory strength and minimal tissue reaction. As long as there is no synthetic suture material with mild tissue reaction and late resorption the fascial closure should be sutured with polyester.

Abdominal Muscles↗
PubMed2000

Absorbable synthetic versus catgut suture material for perineal repair.

BACKGROUND: Approximately 70% of women will experience some degree of perineal trauma following vaginal delivery and will require stitches. This may result in perineal pain and superficial dyspareunia. OBJECTIVES: The objective of this review was to assess the effects of absorbable synthetic suture material as compared with catgut on the amount of short and long term pain experienced by mothers following perineal repair. SEARCH STRATEGY: We searched the Cochrane Pregnancy and Childbirth Group trials register. SELECTION CRITERIA: Randomised trials comparing absorbable synthetic (polyglycolic acid and polyglactin) with plain or chromic catgut suture for perineal repair in mothers after vaginal delivery. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: Trial quality was assessed independently by two reviewers. Data were extracted by one reviewer and checked by the second reviewer. MAIN RESULTS: Eight trials were included. Compared with catgut, the polyglycolic acid and polyglactin groups were associated with less pain in first three days (odds ratio 0.62, 95% confidence interval 0.54 to 0.71). There was also less need for analgesia (odds ratio 0.63, 95% confidence interval 0.52 to 0.77) and less suture dehiscence (odds ratio 0.45, 95% confidence interval 0.29 to 0.70). There was no significant difference in long term pain (odds ratio 0.81, 95% confidence interval 0.61 to 1.08). Removal of suture material was significantly more common in the polyglycolic acid and polyglactin groups (odds ratio 2.01, 95% confidence interval 1.56 to 2.58). There was no difference in the amount of dyspareunia experienced by women. REVIEWER'S CONCLUSIONS: Absorbable synthetic suture material (in the form of polyglycolic acid and polyglactin sutures) for perineal repair following childbirth appears to decrease women's experience of short-term pain. The length of time taken for the synthetic material to be absorbed is of concern. A trial addressing the use of polyglactin has recently been completed and this has been included in this updated review.

Catgut↗
PubMed1979

A comparative study of poly(glycolic acid) and catgut as suture materials. Histomorphology and mechanical properties.

The "quality" of poly(glycolic acid) as an absorbable suture material was investigated in comparison with catgut. Tissue reactions to poly(glycolic acid) and plain catgut were examined histomorphologically at different time intervals after implantation in rats, and compared. Four mechanical properties were also examined as relevant quality factors: elastic stiffness, tensile strength, toughness, and percent elongation at rupture of the suture material per se (unknotted). The variation of these properties in poly(glycolic acid) implants was followed since their insertion in the tissues. Histological behavior and mechanical properties appear to be more closely correlated in the case of poly(glycolic acid) than in the case of catgut, as a consequence of a greater regularity of tissue reaction towards the synthetic material. Both tissue reaction and tensile properties variation are independent of size in the case of the braided poly(glycolic acid) sutures examined. Elastic stiffness and tensile strength decrease steadily in time; toughness and ultimate elongation display an increase up to a maximum within one day since implantation, and then decrease.

Abdominal Muscles↗
PubMed1996

The mechanical properties of catgut in holding and bonding fractured bones.

The mechanical properties of catgut (biodegradable material) have been investigated and presented in graphical manner. Two techniques (a) rings and (b) mesh have been used to study the ability to hold the fractured bones. A comparison of the mechanical properties of catgut with those of bones has been carried out. The results have shown that the mechanical properties of catgut are compatible with those of bones.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Suture material in bladder surgery: a comparison of polydioxanone, polyglactin, and chromic catgut.

A comparison of polydioxanone, polyglactin, and chromic catgut suture was performed in 120 rat bladders studying propensity for infection, degree of inflammation, calculogenic potential, changes in urine pH, and suture absorption. None of the sutures predisposed to infection and there was wide variability but no correlation in urine pH. Although initially the polydioxanone incited a greater inflammatory response, by six months all three sutures were similar. The absorption of polydioxanone was slower than chromic catgut suture, but similar to the absorption of polyglactin. There was no significant difference in calculogenic potential between the suture materials tested over a six-month period. Based on this study in rats, polydioxanone suture would appear to be equal to catgut and polyglactin suture in bladder surgery.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Conization of the cervix uteri. Complications in connection with plain catgut or silk suturing.

During a retrospective study on postoperative complications in 213 patients who had undergone conization, a (non-significant) reduction in the bleeding rate from 27.9% to 18.6% was found when using silk sutures (102 patients) instead of plain catgut (111 patients) for adaption of the edges of the wound (0.1 less than p less than 0.2). The reduction was most pronounced and significant in cases where bleeding had occurred during the first 4 days after surgery, the usual period for hospital stay under normal conditions. After discharge the bleeding rates were more comparable, 12.6% in the catgut group and 16.6% in the silk group. On the other hand, more cases of stenosis of the cervical canal were observed, i.e., 25.5% in the silk group and 8.1% in the catgut group (p less than 0.001). The period of hospitalization was reduced on an average by 2 days when using silk (p less than 0.001).

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Comparison of wound strength in normal, radiated and infected tissues closed with polyglycolic and chromic catgut sutures.

Wound strength in the rectus muscle of rabbits is greater at any measured time interval when sutured with polyglycolic acid than when sutured with chromic catgut. This is true for both irradiated and nonirradiated tissues. No significant advantage is seen for either suture in nonirradiated bladder, although the trend favors polyglycolic acid. In irradiated bladders, a significant advantage is seen for polyglycolic acid at 15 days. In measuring repaired ureteral orifice size, only chronic catgut suture in nonirradiated rabbits caused marked edema and unreteral obstruction. Postoperative ureteral dilation with both materials resolved over a 90 day period. In the irradiated ureter, however, resolution of this obstruction appears to occur earlier and more dependably when polyglycolic acid suture has been used. Polyglycolic acid showed a trend for superior strength in urothelial wounds tested. The healing of bladder epithelium is usually completed in ten to 14 days. The entire bladder wound gains strength rapidly until day 21 and gains little strength thereafter. A suture material that does not increase the inflammatory response but lasts long enough for complete bladder healing is advisable. Using the criterion of wound breaking strength in our experimental work, polyglycolic acid was shown to be superior to chromic catgut suture material.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

[Bactericidity of prepared catgut (author's transl)].

The biocidal effect of iodized Catgut in comparison to other used types of Catgut could not be confirmed. Histologically only the different resorption time well known as a result of earlier studies of the 3 types of contaminated Catgut could be found.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Surgical catgut: the myth of allergy.

During the period 1950 to 1985, 137 patients stated to the author that they were allergic to catgut sutures. The allegations were based on a previous episode at various sites on the body where wound healing had been complicated. A review of the problem did not indicate any history of symptoms of allergy. The author used catgut in the completion of his surgery on each of these patients. None of them showed any allergic manifestation and all healed perfectly per primum. Recent molecular studies of the collagen proteins demonstrate that it is highly improbable for the material to cause antigenicity.

Adult↗